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Plants Activities - Learning Resources
Plants Activities - Learning Resources

... 1. Take a class a walk outdoors, and ask children to point out plants they know. Make a list of questions children would like to answer about plants. At the end of this unit, review the list. Take another walk outdoors and allow children to share what they have learned. You might even hold a plant s ...
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Chapter 15 The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle
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... Regulation of Amino Acids catabolism in TCA Cycle Entering TCA cycle of amino acids via -ketoglutarate and succinyl-CoA has no apparent regulation site during their conversion to oxaloacetate. : Since oxaloacetate can not go further without acetyl-CoA, pyruvate dehydrogenase will be responsible for ...
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... Lactic acid fermentation can supply enough ATP to last about 90 seconds. However, extra oxygen is required to get rid of the lactic acid produced. Following intense exercise, a person will huff and puff for several minutes in order to pay back the built-up “oxygen debt” and clear the lactic acid fro ...
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Biology: Concepts and Connections, 6e
Biology: Concepts and Connections, 6e

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Support Document - Plants
Support Document - Plants

...  All organisms must obtain resources, such as food, oxygen, and water, which provide required energy to perform the basic processes of life, such as growing and developing, or repairing injured parts.  Autotrophs (for example plants) provide their own food for energy through the process of photosy ...
Biology: Concepts and Connections, 6e (Campbell)
Biology: Concepts and Connections, 6e (Campbell)

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Power Point Version

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Chapter 8 - HCC Learning Web
Chapter 8 - HCC Learning Web

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Leaving Cert Biology Notes - Learning Outcomes 2014

... 1. Organisation: e.g. Blood system – heart, arteries, capillaries, veins 2. Nutrition: obtaining food - either autotrophic or heterotrophic 3. Excretion: removal of metabolic waste 4. Response: reacting to changes in the environment 5. Reproduction: producing new organisms 6. Respiration: producing ...
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Photosynthesis



Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, ""light"", and σύνθεσις, synthesis, ""putting together"". In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis maintains atmospheric oxygen levels and supplies all of the organic compounds and most of the energy necessary for life on Earth.Although photosynthesis is performed differently by different species, the process always begins when energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centres that contain green chlorophyll pigments. In plants, these proteins are held inside organelles called chloroplasts, which are most abundant in leaf cells, while in bacteria they are embedded in the plasma membrane. In these light-dependent reactions, some energy is used to strip electrons from suitable substances, such as water, producing oxygen gas. Furthermore, two further compounds are generated: reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the ""energy currency"" of cells.In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, sugars are produced by a subsequent sequence of light-independent reactions called the Calvin cycle, but some bacteria use different mechanisms, such as the reverse Krebs cycle. In the Calvin cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is incorporated into already existing organic carbon compounds, such as ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). Using the ATP and NADPH produced by the light-dependent reactions, the resulting compounds are then reduced and removed to form further carbohydrates, such as glucose.The first photosynthetic organisms probably evolved early in the evolutionary history of life and most likely used reducing agents, such as hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide, as sources of electrons, rather than water. Cyanobacteria appeared later; the excess oxygen they produced contributed to the oxygen catastrophe, which rendered the evolution of complex life possible. Today, the average rate of energy capture by photosynthesis globally is approximately 130 terawatts, which is about three times the current power consumption of human civilization.Photosynthetic organisms also convert around 100–115 thousand million metric tonnes of carbon into biomass per year.
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