LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... relationship of pH andpKa through Henderson Hassalbach equation. The values of pKa is 6.4, partial pressure of bicarbonate ions is 24 and carbonic acid is 1.3. 16. Sun is the principle source of energy for living organisms. some living organisms like plants acquire energy directly from the sunlight ...
... relationship of pH andpKa through Henderson Hassalbach equation. The values of pKa is 6.4, partial pressure of bicarbonate ions is 24 and carbonic acid is 1.3. 16. Sun is the principle source of energy for living organisms. some living organisms like plants acquire energy directly from the sunlight ...
Chapter 16.3: Anaerobic Respiration
... converted into lactate by enzyme lactate dehydrogenase – NAD is released to allow glycolysis to continue ...
... converted into lactate by enzyme lactate dehydrogenase – NAD is released to allow glycolysis to continue ...
Cell Respiration - Oxidative Phosphorylation Gibb`s Free Energy PPT
... • 2A2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. g. The electron transport chain captures free energy from electrons in a series of coupled reactions that establish an electrochemical gradient across membranes. ...
... • 2A2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. g. The electron transport chain captures free energy from electrons in a series of coupled reactions that establish an electrochemical gradient across membranes. ...
Cellular Respiration Part IV: Oxidative Phosphorylation
... • 2A2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. g. The electron transport chain captures free energy from electrons in a series of coupled reactions that establish an electrochemical gradient across membranes. ...
... • 2A2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. g. The electron transport chain captures free energy from electrons in a series of coupled reactions that establish an electrochemical gradient across membranes. ...
Document
... How many ATP molecules are generated in glycolysis for each molecule of glucose consumed? 24) How many carbons are in a glucose molecule? How many carbons are in a pyruvic acid molecule? How many pyruvic acid molecules are produced for every glucose molecule metabolized?_ _ __ 25) The TCA cycle prod ...
... How many ATP molecules are generated in glycolysis for each molecule of glucose consumed? 24) How many carbons are in a glucose molecule? How many carbons are in a pyruvic acid molecule? How many pyruvic acid molecules are produced for every glucose molecule metabolized?_ _ __ 25) The TCA cycle prod ...
Chapter 4 Summary
... photosynthesis. Some producers carry out chemosynthesis. All other organisms in an ecosystem are consumers or heterotrophs. Omnivores feed on both plants and animals while decomposers or detritivores eat detritus. Matter recycling and one-way energy flows ensure that there is little or no waste in n ...
... photosynthesis. Some producers carry out chemosynthesis. All other organisms in an ecosystem are consumers or heterotrophs. Omnivores feed on both plants and animals while decomposers or detritivores eat detritus. Matter recycling and one-way energy flows ensure that there is little or no waste in n ...
Quiz 7 Name: 1. After ATP fuels the Na+/K+ pump at the cell
... C) NADH has more energy than NAD+. D) NADH can transfer electrons into the mitochondrial electron transport chain. 8. Cellular respiration harvests the most chemical energy from which of the following? A) glycolysis B) fermentation C) generating carbon dioxide and oxygen in the mitochondrial electro ...
... C) NADH has more energy than NAD+. D) NADH can transfer electrons into the mitochondrial electron transport chain. 8. Cellular respiration harvests the most chemical energy from which of the following? A) glycolysis B) fermentation C) generating carbon dioxide and oxygen in the mitochondrial electro ...
Middle East Jeopardy
... An area on earth characterized by its vegetation, temperature, rainfall, and biodiversity biome ...
... An area on earth characterized by its vegetation, temperature, rainfall, and biodiversity biome ...
Chapter 6: Metabolism of Microorganisms
... final electron receptor in the electron transport chain • Anaerobic respiration produces less ATP than aerobic respiration • Fermentation Produces ATP Using an Organic Final Electron Receptor • Fermentation is used when oxygen and other alternative electron acceptors are unavailable • Pyruvate can b ...
... final electron receptor in the electron transport chain • Anaerobic respiration produces less ATP than aerobic respiration • Fermentation Produces ATP Using an Organic Final Electron Receptor • Fermentation is used when oxygen and other alternative electron acceptors are unavailable • Pyruvate can b ...
Document
... Nitrogen cycleOnly in certain bacteria and industrial technologies can fix nitrogen. Nitrogen fixation-convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonium (NH4+) which can be used to make organic compounds like amino acids. ...
... Nitrogen cycleOnly in certain bacteria and industrial technologies can fix nitrogen. Nitrogen fixation-convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonium (NH4+) which can be used to make organic compounds like amino acids. ...
Cellular Respiration
... chemical cycling and energy transfer (reactant, products, types of energy). -autotroph- organism that makes its own food; plant -heterotroph- organism that obtains food by eating other organisms; animal Autotrophs remove CO2 from environment and fix it into sugars (normally glucose) whereas heterotr ...
... chemical cycling and energy transfer (reactant, products, types of energy). -autotroph- organism that makes its own food; plant -heterotroph- organism that obtains food by eating other organisms; animal Autotrophs remove CO2 from environment and fix it into sugars (normally glucose) whereas heterotr ...
AP Biology - gwbiology
... A redox reaction is an electron transfer where one substance loses electons, called oxidation, and is aided by the reducing agent, and another substance gains elects, reduction, and is aided by the oxidizing agent. 3. Why is being “reduced” equivalent to having a greater potential energy? Because in ...
... A redox reaction is an electron transfer where one substance loses electons, called oxidation, and is aided by the reducing agent, and another substance gains elects, reduction, and is aided by the oxidizing agent. 3. Why is being “reduced” equivalent to having a greater potential energy? Because in ...
Metabolism08
... compounds (CATABOLIC) or build more complex compounds (ANABOLIC) Metabolic pathways are never completely inactive ...
... compounds (CATABOLIC) or build more complex compounds (ANABOLIC) Metabolic pathways are never completely inactive ...
Name: Characteristics of Life and Ecology Guided Notes (PAP) What
... Define Biome: a large region characterized by a specific type of climate & certain ______ and __ communities. A certain biome may exist in more than one location on earth. Biomes are ___________________________ or ______________________________. Biomes are dependent on the following three things: ...
... Define Biome: a large region characterized by a specific type of climate & certain ______ and __ communities. A certain biome may exist in more than one location on earth. Biomes are ___________________________ or ______________________________. Biomes are dependent on the following three things: ...
Kate Buckman Modified session plan: Fermentation: one part in a
... to carbon dioxide and water, producing additional ATP and NADH (respiration). However in the absence of oxygen this pathway is not an option. As NADH is only present in small amounts, it must be oxidized back to NAD+ in order for ATP production to continue through glycolysis. Anaerobic organisms (li ...
... to carbon dioxide and water, producing additional ATP and NADH (respiration). However in the absence of oxygen this pathway is not an option. As NADH is only present in small amounts, it must be oxidized back to NAD+ in order for ATP production to continue through glycolysis. Anaerobic organisms (li ...
Ecology
... photosynthesis. They use this energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose. The second type of autotrophs use chemical energy to make carbohydrates. This is performed by several types of bacteria. ...
... photosynthesis. They use this energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose. The second type of autotrophs use chemical energy to make carbohydrates. This is performed by several types of bacteria. ...
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration and Fermentation - Biology E
... The ATP synthase harnesses the proton-motive force to phosphorylate ADP, forming ATP. Together, electron transport and chemiosmosis make up oxidative phosphorylation. 31. To account for the total number of ATPs that could be formed from a glucose molecule, we have to add the substrate-level ATPs fr ...
... The ATP synthase harnesses the proton-motive force to phosphorylate ADP, forming ATP. Together, electron transport and chemiosmosis make up oxidative phosphorylation. 31. To account for the total number of ATPs that could be formed from a glucose molecule, we have to add the substrate-level ATPs fr ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)