Cellular Respiration - Labs - Department of Plant Biology, Cornell
... In yeast, NADH is recycled to NAD+ in the process of converting pyruvic acid to ethanol. The net yield from the oxidation of each glucose is 2 ATP. ...
... In yeast, NADH is recycled to NAD+ in the process of converting pyruvic acid to ethanol. The net yield from the oxidation of each glucose is 2 ATP. ...
Succinate
... - The sequence of electron transport components is governed by the necessity that each transfer occur spontaneously, i.e., with a positive DeltaE (and - DeltaG). We have already seen that when determining the direction of spontaneous electron transfer between two components whose half cell standard ...
... - The sequence of electron transport components is governed by the necessity that each transfer occur spontaneously, i.e., with a positive DeltaE (and - DeltaG). We have already seen that when determining the direction of spontaneous electron transfer between two components whose half cell standard ...
3.2 Carbohydrates, lipids annd proteins
... There are four major classes of macromolecules: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic acids. Cells make their macromolecules by linking many small molecules together end to end, forming chains called polymers. A polymer is a large molecule composed of many identical or similar subunits (monom ...
... There are four major classes of macromolecules: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic acids. Cells make their macromolecules by linking many small molecules together end to end, forming chains called polymers. A polymer is a large molecule composed of many identical or similar subunits (monom ...
Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem
... Another way of showing the transfer of energy in an ecosystem is the ENERGY PYRAMID. (14) The most energy is available at the producer level. At each level in the pyramid, there is less available energy than at the level below. ...
... Another way of showing the transfer of energy in an ecosystem is the ENERGY PYRAMID. (14) The most energy is available at the producer level. At each level in the pyramid, there is less available energy than at the level below. ...
IB Biology Chapter - Fredericksburg City Schools
... Cellular respiration and heat • As grasshoppers consume grass, chemical energy is used for cellular respiration/glucose converted to CO2 and H2O • This takes a sm amount of heat in each of grasshoppers cells…heat lost to environment/thee nutrient and energy passed on to next consumers • Cells of de ...
... Cellular respiration and heat • As grasshoppers consume grass, chemical energy is used for cellular respiration/glucose converted to CO2 and H2O • This takes a sm amount of heat in each of grasshoppers cells…heat lost to environment/thee nutrient and energy passed on to next consumers • Cells of de ...
13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships
... • Producers are also called autotrophs because they make their own food. ...
... • Producers are also called autotrophs because they make their own food. ...
Primary Producers
... • Organisms that can capture solar energy and convert it to chemical energy by building organic compounds • Photosynthesis ...
... • Organisms that can capture solar energy and convert it to chemical energy by building organic compounds • Photosynthesis ...
Lactic Acid Fermentation vs. Alcoholic Fermentation
... Lactic acid fermentation is a biological process by which glucose and other six-carbon sugars (also, disaccharides of six-carbon sugars, e.g. sucrose or lactose) are converted into cellular energy and the metabolite lactate. There are several uses of this type of fermentation, one of them to produce ...
... Lactic acid fermentation is a biological process by which glucose and other six-carbon sugars (also, disaccharides of six-carbon sugars, e.g. sucrose or lactose) are converted into cellular energy and the metabolite lactate. There are several uses of this type of fermentation, one of them to produce ...
File
... Human Impacts on Terrestrial Biomes Human activities have damaged or disturbed more than half of the world’s terrestrial ecosystems. Humans have had a number of specific harmful effects on the world’s deserts, grasslands, forests, and mountains. Remember HIPPO? It applies here as well ...
... Human Impacts on Terrestrial Biomes Human activities have damaged or disturbed more than half of the world’s terrestrial ecosystems. Humans have had a number of specific harmful effects on the world’s deserts, grasslands, forests, and mountains. Remember HIPPO? It applies here as well ...
Release Test items 11th Grade Obj 3
... B.7B – Illustrate the results of natural selection in speciation, diversity, phylogeny, adaptation, behavior, and extinction ...
... B.7B – Illustrate the results of natural selection in speciation, diversity, phylogeny, adaptation, behavior, and extinction ...
Nitrogen Cycle
... organisms use nitrogen for? Where is it found in organisms? -nitrogen an important component of DNA and proteins which are essential for human life - plants use nitrogen for growth - humans use proteins for muscle function 2. How does nitrogen to move from the atmosphere to the biosphere and back? ...
... organisms use nitrogen for? Where is it found in organisms? -nitrogen an important component of DNA and proteins which are essential for human life - plants use nitrogen for growth - humans use proteins for muscle function 2. How does nitrogen to move from the atmosphere to the biosphere and back? ...
Kreb`s Cycle - Montgomery College
... 6 Each glyceraldehyde phosphate is acted on by the enzyme Triose phosphate dehydrogenase that oxidized the sugar by reducing NAD+ and sequentially adding inorganic phosphate to the sugar 7 A molecule of ATP is made from each 1,3-biphosphoglycerate as the phosphate added in step 6 is transferred to ...
... 6 Each glyceraldehyde phosphate is acted on by the enzyme Triose phosphate dehydrogenase that oxidized the sugar by reducing NAD+ and sequentially adding inorganic phosphate to the sugar 7 A molecule of ATP is made from each 1,3-biphosphoglycerate as the phosphate added in step 6 is transferred to ...
Cellular Respiration
... which you exhale). The 4 ATP molecules can be used by the cell as energy. What about the other 32 ATPs from our equation? ...
... which you exhale). The 4 ATP molecules can be used by the cell as energy. What about the other 32 ATPs from our equation? ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION 04 JUNE 2014 Lesson Description
... Oxidative phosphorylation: takes the energy from the energy-rich hydrogens to make ATP. The energy depleted hydrogens combine with oxygen to make water. This is either breathed out as water vapour or excreted via the kidneys. ...
... Oxidative phosphorylation: takes the energy from the energy-rich hydrogens to make ATP. The energy depleted hydrogens combine with oxygen to make water. This is either breathed out as water vapour or excreted via the kidneys. ...
Figure 50.1 (p. 1093) – Distribution and abundance of the red
... b. Three main themes in ecology are: - Where do organisms live? - How many organisms are present? - Why are they located where they are? Figure 50.1 (p. 1093) – Distribution and abundance of the red kangaroo in Australia, based on aerial surveys. ...
... b. Three main themes in ecology are: - Where do organisms live? - How many organisms are present? - Why are they located where they are? Figure 50.1 (p. 1093) – Distribution and abundance of the red kangaroo in Australia, based on aerial surveys. ...
Energy and Nutrients
... • Producers take up inorganic compounds from the environment; decomposers return them ...
... • Producers take up inorganic compounds from the environment; decomposers return them ...
131110 COS ATP - Community of Reason
... Energy is defined as the capacity to do work, i.e. to move matter. Cells, tissues and organisms need energy for a variety of processes ...
... Energy is defined as the capacity to do work, i.e. to move matter. Cells, tissues and organisms need energy for a variety of processes ...
8 Cellular Respiration-An Overview
... coenzymes used in cellular respiration to transport high potential energy electrons to the electron transport chain (a step in oxidative phosphorylation) in the mitochondria. At the conclusion of cellular respiration, oxygen is the final electron acceptor. The reactions in Model 2 show these electro ...
... coenzymes used in cellular respiration to transport high potential energy electrons to the electron transport chain (a step in oxidative phosphorylation) in the mitochondria. At the conclusion of cellular respiration, oxygen is the final electron acceptor. The reactions in Model 2 show these electro ...
Respiration chapt07
... Stage 2: The Krebs Cycle • The Krebs cycle is fueled with pyruvates from glycolysis – recall, there are 2 Pyruvates made from each Glucose, so there are 2 Krebs Cycles for every glucose molecule ...
... Stage 2: The Krebs Cycle • The Krebs cycle is fueled with pyruvates from glycolysis – recall, there are 2 Pyruvates made from each Glucose, so there are 2 Krebs Cycles for every glucose molecule ...
Bacteria Comic Strip Project
... can actually help to fight themselves. Drs & scientists have figured out how to use dead or weakened bacteria to prevent other bacterial diseases. This process is called vaccination. • Bacteria can even help to break down oil to make clean-up after an oil spill easier. This is a big plus for the env ...
... can actually help to fight themselves. Drs & scientists have figured out how to use dead or weakened bacteria to prevent other bacterial diseases. This process is called vaccination. • Bacteria can even help to break down oil to make clean-up after an oil spill easier. This is a big plus for the env ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)