alocalecosystempartone
... There are two stages of respiration: Stage 1 - This occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and results in the splitting of the 6carbon sugar molecules into 3-carbon molecules (called pyruvates), and two molecules of ATP are gained by the cell. This is anaerobic respiration. Stage 2 - this occurs in th ...
... There are two stages of respiration: Stage 1 - This occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and results in the splitting of the 6carbon sugar molecules into 3-carbon molecules (called pyruvates), and two molecules of ATP are gained by the cell. This is anaerobic respiration. Stage 2 - this occurs in th ...
Solutions - MIT OpenCourseWare
... Cells that lack triose phosphate isomerase can complete glycolysis using only G3P, but this generates only 2 ATP. In these cells under anaerobic conditions there is no net gain of ATP from glycolysis. Under aerobic conditions, the single pyruvate can be further oxidized to generate a little more ATP ...
... Cells that lack triose phosphate isomerase can complete glycolysis using only G3P, but this generates only 2 ATP. In these cells under anaerobic conditions there is no net gain of ATP from glycolysis. Under aerobic conditions, the single pyruvate can be further oxidized to generate a little more ATP ...
Intermediate 2 Biology Revision
... 2.5 Enzymes &Temperature Term used to describe the temperature an enzyme works best at… Enzymes in the body work best at … Sketch a graph of the effect of temperature on enzyme activity Describe the pattern of this graph Once past the point at which an enzyme works best at, what does an increase in ...
... 2.5 Enzymes &Temperature Term used to describe the temperature an enzyme works best at… Enzymes in the body work best at … Sketch a graph of the effect of temperature on enzyme activity Describe the pattern of this graph Once past the point at which an enzyme works best at, what does an increase in ...
Metabolic Adaptation - Washington State University
... Choosing a fuel: carbohydrate versus protein • Amino acids and carbohydrates are at about the same oxidation state – so although the exact pathways may vary from one amino acid to another, the yield of ATP from a gram of amino acid is about the same as the yield from a gram of glucose. • However, a ...
... Choosing a fuel: carbohydrate versus protein • Amino acids and carbohydrates are at about the same oxidation state – so although the exact pathways may vary from one amino acid to another, the yield of ATP from a gram of amino acid is about the same as the yield from a gram of glucose. • However, a ...
Answers to Mastering Concepts Questions
... 5. At what point does O2 enter the energy pathways of aerobic respiration? What is the role of O2? Why does respiration stop if a person cannot breathe? Why would a cell die if it could not make ATP? O2 enters the energy pathways at the electron transport chain; it is the final electron acceptor. C ...
... 5. At what point does O2 enter the energy pathways of aerobic respiration? What is the role of O2? Why does respiration stop if a person cannot breathe? Why would a cell die if it could not make ATP? O2 enters the energy pathways at the electron transport chain; it is the final electron acceptor. C ...
Ecology & Biomes
... food of each trophic level is available to the next level - rest used or lost as heat ...
... food of each trophic level is available to the next level - rest used or lost as heat ...
Cellular respiration
... 90% of the ATP generated by cellular respiration • A smaller amount of ATP is formed in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle by substratelevel phosphorylation ...
... 90% of the ATP generated by cellular respiration • A smaller amount of ATP is formed in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle by substratelevel phosphorylation ...
II. Pre-test to identify student misconceptions prior to addressing the
... Glycolysis produces ATP by substrate level phosphorylation. True ...
... Glycolysis produces ATP by substrate level phosphorylation. True ...
PChem Data 7-9 Data Talk Version 2
... CO, Mn can do for oxygen! • Mn does not bind sulfide (and therefore the protein must bind it with N and O) • It can hold H2O close until energy from light/photons knocks off the protons and oxidizes it to O, which will combine with another nearby O to make oxygen ...
... CO, Mn can do for oxygen! • Mn does not bind sulfide (and therefore the protein must bind it with N and O) • It can hold H2O close until energy from light/photons knocks off the protons and oxidizes it to O, which will combine with another nearby O to make oxygen ...
Classifying Organisms
... In the system today, groups that have the largest number of different organisms are called domains. There are three domains: 1. Archaea (archaebacteria) –the oldest and simplest organisms on earth 2. Bacteria (eubacteria) - more complex than archaea ...
... In the system today, groups that have the largest number of different organisms are called domains. There are three domains: 1. Archaea (archaebacteria) –the oldest and simplest organisms on earth 2. Bacteria (eubacteria) - more complex than archaea ...
Cell Energy - Land of Mayo
... After the usual anaerobic stage of respiration there can be two different pathways for the pyruvic acid without oxygen: 1. glucose can be metabolized to ethyl alcohol + 2 ATP (yeast) (called alcoholic fermentation)* 2. glucose can be metabolized to lactic acid + 2 ATP (human and animal muscles ...
... After the usual anaerobic stage of respiration there can be two different pathways for the pyruvic acid without oxygen: 1. glucose can be metabolized to ethyl alcohol + 2 ATP (yeast) (called alcoholic fermentation)* 2. glucose can be metabolized to lactic acid + 2 ATP (human and animal muscles ...
1. Cells are the structural and functional units of life
... The process of regulating biochemical reactions is called metabolism. ...
... The process of regulating biochemical reactions is called metabolism. ...
AnaerobicAerobic CellResp
... 2 Types of Cellular Respiration 1. Aerobic Respiration = uses oxygen to produce ATP 2. Anaerobic Respiration = no oxygen; makes less ATP; produces lactic acid or alcohol ➢ Also known as fermentation ...
... 2 Types of Cellular Respiration 1. Aerobic Respiration = uses oxygen to produce ATP 2. Anaerobic Respiration = no oxygen; makes less ATP; produces lactic acid or alcohol ➢ Also known as fermentation ...
Redox - Plusnet
... Rules for assigning: (these rarely change) F is always -1 O is -2, except in OF2 Group 7 are -1, except with O or F Group 1 metals are +1 Group 2 metals are +2 H is +1, except in hydrides, e.g. NaH Al is +3 The total for an ion is its charge (e.g. -1 for CN-) More electronegative atoms get negative ...
... Rules for assigning: (these rarely change) F is always -1 O is -2, except in OF2 Group 7 are -1, except with O or F Group 1 metals are +1 Group 2 metals are +2 H is +1, except in hydrides, e.g. NaH Al is +3 The total for an ion is its charge (e.g. -1 for CN-) More electronegative atoms get negative ...
CTB3365x – Introduction to Water Treatment
... a lot of energy to break. This atmospheric nitrogen is the largest pool on earth, but turnover is very low. Still, nitrogen is vital to life. Nitrogen is present in amino acids, proteins, DNA, RNA; all life on earth contains 10% nitrogen by weight fraction. Therefore, cycling between hemisphere and ...
... a lot of energy to break. This atmospheric nitrogen is the largest pool on earth, but turnover is very low. Still, nitrogen is vital to life. Nitrogen is present in amino acids, proteins, DNA, RNA; all life on earth contains 10% nitrogen by weight fraction. Therefore, cycling between hemisphere and ...
Essential terms to know in Ecology
... Ecology: The study of how living organisms interact with each other and with their environment. Autotrophs: Organisms that can make their own food from inorganic chemicals. Plants are autotrophs because they can make their own food (glucose) for simple inorganic molecules (carbon dioxide and water). ...
... Ecology: The study of how living organisms interact with each other and with their environment. Autotrophs: Organisms that can make their own food from inorganic chemicals. Plants are autotrophs because they can make their own food (glucose) for simple inorganic molecules (carbon dioxide and water). ...
SBI 4UI Test – Metabolic Processes: Cell Respiration
... F1. Chemiosmosis moves H+ into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria. F2. In the Kreb’s Cycle, malate is oxidized into fumarate. F3. Aerobic cellular respiration harvests energy from organic compounds without O2. F4. The total chemical potential energy in the reactants of photosynthesis is les ...
... F1. Chemiosmosis moves H+ into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria. F2. In the Kreb’s Cycle, malate is oxidized into fumarate. F3. Aerobic cellular respiration harvests energy from organic compounds without O2. F4. The total chemical potential energy in the reactants of photosynthesis is les ...
Ecology Unit
... Nitrogen cycleOnly in certain bacteria and industrial technologies can fix nitrogen. Nitrogen fixation-convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonium (NH4+) which can be used to make organic compounds like amino acids. ...
... Nitrogen cycleOnly in certain bacteria and industrial technologies can fix nitrogen. Nitrogen fixation-convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonium (NH4+) which can be used to make organic compounds like amino acids. ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)