Download Release Test items 11th Grade Obj 3

Objective 3
Interpendence of Organisms and the Environment
B.4C – Compare the structures and functions of viruses to cells and describe the role of viruses in
causing diseases and conditions such as acquired immune deficiency syndrome, common colds,
smallpox, influenza, and warts.
Most viruses infect a specific kind of cell. Which Viruses differ from bacteria in that all viruses —
of the following are infected by the human
F cause insect-borne diseases
immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
G can be destroyed by antibiotics
F Helper T cells
H have rigid cell walls
G Liver cells
J must be reproduced in living cells
H GABA-receptor cells
J Red blood cells
One characteristic shared by a virus and a living
Which of these does a virus need in order to
cell is that both —
multiply?
F store genetic information in nucleic acids
A Chloroplasts from a host cell
G have a crystalline structure
B A host cell to provide oxygen for the virus
H gain energy directly from the sun
C New ADP from a host cell
J use glucose for respiration
D A host cell to replicate the virus’s DNA
Which of these events is most likely to cause a
widespread influenza outbreak?
F People in northern regions are affected by
weather patterns.
G The influenza virus is recognized by host
immune systems.
H Global warming causes increased winter
precipitation.
J People lack immunity to a new strain of flu
virus.
Why is Sendai virus used as a vaccine against
HPIV-1?
A It alters the protein coat of HPIV-1.
B It makes cells chemically unrecognizable to
HPIV-1.
C It forms a protective barrier against
HPIV-1.
D It triggers the production of antibodies that
fight HPIV-1.
Which of the following cannot metabolize nutrients?
11th Grade Science – page 1
B.4D – Identify and describe the role of bacteria in maintaining health such as in digestion and in
causing diseases such as streptococcus infections and diphtheria.
Some bacteria benefit mammals by helping with
Which of the following factors helps spread
—
disease-causing bacteria?
F growth
F Low temperatures
G defense
G Access to new hosts
H digestion
H Mutation by heat energy
J respiration
J Availability of light
Cows and other ruminants are herbivorous
animals. Their diet includes cellulose, which must
be fermented before it can be digested.
Which of these aid in the fermentation of cellulose
in a cow’s digestive system?
F Bacteria
G Fungi
H Algae
J Viruses
A study shows that 40% to 100% of raw poultry is
contaminated by disease-causing bacteria. Which
of the following activities provides people the best
protection from these bacteria?
F Rinsing dishes thoroughly
G Eating a balanced diet daily
H Visiting a doctor regularly
J Cooking foods properly
Streptococcus infection in a person’s throat can cause pain and fever. Streptococcus can be controlled
by antibiotics. Streptococcus is a—
F virus
G bacterium
H protozoan
J fungus
11th Grade Science – page 2
B.7A – Identify evidence of change in species using fossils, DNA sequences, anatomical
similarities, physiological similarities, and embryology.
The table shows a comparison of some amino acids found in cytochrome c. The two organisms in the
table that are most closely related are —
A Q and T
B R and S
C Q and R
D Q and S
The table shows an amino acid comparison of cytochrome c, a protein involved in cellular respiration
in aerobic organisms. The two organisms in the table that are least genetically related are the —
A silkworm moth and the fruit fly
B silkworm moth and the screwworm fly
C fruit fly and the screwworm fly
D fruit fly and the hornworm moth
11th Grade Science – page 3
The diagram illustrates how some characteristics of the horse have changed over time. Along with the
difference in size, what is another anatomical difference between the modern horse and its ancestors?
F The structure of the tooth has been adapted for eating meat.
G The size of the molars has decreased.
H The length of the forefoot has decreased.
J The number of toes has decreased.
Birds and reptiles are similar in that they are
vertebrates and lay eggs. They differ in that
reptiles have teeth and birds have beaks.
Some birds do possess teeth. However, these
teeth are present only in the embryonic stage.
Which conclusion is best supported by the
presence of teeth in bird embryos?
A Birds and reptiles share a common ancestor.
B Modern reptiles are the ancestors of modern
birds.
C Birds and reptiles eat similar types of food.
D Ancestors of reptiles had beaks similar to
those of birds.
Which conclusion is best supported by the
information in the diagram?
F Volcanic eruptions were common in the area.
G The area was once a marine environment.
H Organisms in the area reproduced frequently.
J Consumers once outnumbered producers in the
area.
11th Grade Science – page 4
B.7B – Illustrate the results of natural selection in speciation, diversity, phylogeny, adaptation,
behavior, and extinction
Because of this animal’s adaptations, it would
be most successful at —
F competing with birds
G making its own food
H hiding from predators
J running very rapidly
Which of these conclusions can be made based on
the graphs shown above?
A Larger mosquitoes have migrated into the area.
B Smaller mosquitoes are being eaten by larger
mosquitoes.
C A mosquito length of 2 cm has become a
disadvantage in this environment.
D Mosquitoes with a body length of 3 cm have the
longest life span.
Some bacteria thrive in hostile environments,
such as salt flats, boiling-hot springs, and
carbonate-rock interiors, primarily because of
bacteria’s —
F biochemical diversity
G small sizes
H round shapes
J methods of movement
Which of the following explains this phenomenon?
F Competition
G Extinction
H Predation
J Speciation
11th Grade Science – page 5
The model shows a demonstration a student prepared using black and white marbles to show how
populations of organisms can change. Which of the following concepts is best illustrated by this
demonstration?
F Evolution of a predatory species
G Genetic drift accompanying natural selection
H Environmentally induced genetic mutations
J Immunity from virulent microorganisms
The myxoma virus was used to control an
overpopulation of European rabbits in
Australia. When first introduced in the mid1900s, the virus greatly reduced the European
rabbit population. Today the virus is not an
effective control of the European rabbit
population. Fewer European rabbits are
affected by the virus today because they
have—
F learned to avoid the virus
G moved away from infected areas
H undergone a change in diet
J developed resistance to the virus
Which of the following is best supported by the
information shown above?
F These lizards evolved in arid habitats.
G Modern lizards drink more water than their
ancestors did.
H These lizards cool themselves by evaporation.
J Modern lizards excrete more water than their
ancestors did.
11th Grade Science – page 6
B.9D – Analyze the flow of matter and energy through different trophic levels and between
organisms and the physical environment.
Energy used by producers in a grassland food
web is provided by —
F sunlight
G photosynthesis
H oxygen
J carbon dioxide
In this food web, the bacteria probably function as
—
A producers
B herbivores
C decomposers
D carnivores
The diagram shows several phases of the nitrogen cycle. Which of the following describes the most
likely effect of removing some plants from the area by using chemical herbicides?
A The rate of erosion of rocks on the ground would be slowed.
B The flow of necessary nutrients would be disrupted.
C The ability of plants to complete photosynthesis would be increased.
D The infiltration of water into the ground would be halted.
The diagram above is intended to show relationships in an ecosystem. What do the arrows represent?
F The direction of population migration
G Differences in dietary habits
H Progressively smaller organisms
J The direction of energy flow
11th Grade Science – page 7
A food pyramid represents the relative amount
of energy in trophic levels. Which of the
following correctly shows a food pyramid?
About 10% of the energy at one trophic level is
passed to the next level. What usually
happens to the energy that is not passed to
the next trophic level or used to carry out life
processes?
A It is given off as heat.
B It is stored as vitamins.
C It is used in reproduction.
D It is used in protein synthesis.
Which diagram best shows how the amount of stored energy changes going up a food chain?
11th Grade Science – page 8
B.12B – Interpret interactions among organisms exhibiting predation, parasitism,
commensalisms and mutualism.
Clown fish are small reef fish that seek
Which situation best represents a mutualistic
protection from predators by sheltering
relationship?
themselves among the stinging tentacles of sea
A A tapeworm absorbing nutrients from the
anemones. Clown fish are very territorial and
intestine of a dog
can potentially scare off predators of sea
B An orchid being pollinated by a nectar collecting
anemones. This relationship
wasp
is an example of —
C A human losing blood to a feeding mosquito
A neutralism
D An armadillo rooting in the soil at the base of an
B mutualism
oak tree
C parasitism
D commensalism
Beechdrops (Epifagus virginiana) are leafless
plants that lack chlorophyll. Beechdrops get
their nourishment from the roots of beech trees,
which reduces the amount of nutrients available
to the trees themselves. This interaction is best
described as —
A predatory
B parasitic
C commensalistic
Which of these best describes the relationship
D mutualistic
between epiphytes and trees?
F Parasitism
G Migration
H Commensalism
J Predation
Insecticides help humans compete with insects for a
resource. Which resource is most likely to be
preserved for humans through the use of
insecticides?
F Sunlight
G Water
H Food
J Air
Which of these is the best example of a
mutualistic relationship in an aquatic
environment?
F Some fish can survive repeated infections by
harmful bacteria.
G Some fish have bacteria living in their
digestive tract that help the fish digest food.
H Some bacteria are present in aquatic food
chains in which fish are secondary consumers.
J Some bacteria are aquatic decomposers that
recycle nutrients useful to fish.
11th Grade Science – page 9
B.12E – Investigate and explain the interactions in an ecosystem including food chains, food webs
and food pyramids.
Which of these groups of organisms would most
likely have accumulated the largest
concentration of a long-lasting chemical
pollutant in their bodies?
A Phytoplankton
B Zooplankton
C Lake trout
D Gulls
In this food pyramid, which level contains the
greatest amount of energy?
A Tertiary consumers
B Secondary consumers
C Primary consumers
D Producers
The table lists four groups of factors found in a particular ecosystem. Which group consists of only
abiotic factors?
F Group 1
G Group 2
H Group 3
J Group 4
11th Grade Science – page 10
In this diagram of a marine food web, which term describes the sea turtles?
A Aquatic herbivores
B Autotrophic producers
C Third-level consumers
D Primary decomposers
Which of these is a food web based on the relationships described above?
11th Grade Science – page 11
B.13A – Evaluate the significance of structural and physiological adaptations of plants to their
environments.
Compared to annual rings of trees that have
Species of the genus Toxicodendron, which includes
experienced years of sufficient rainfall, the
poison ivy and poison oak, produce a gummy oil
annual rings of trees that have experienced a dry that causes a severe itchy rash in some animals. This
period will —
substance is part of the Toxicodendron species’—
F be softer
F defense mechanisms
G grow at a faster rate
G nutritional processes
H be thinner
H support system
J photosynthesize at a faster rate
J clinging ability
Which of the following leaf types is most likely
to help a plant survive in an arid habitat?
Which of these structures protects a leaf from drying
out?
FQ
GR
HS
JT
Plant leaves have a waxy covering called a
cuticle. When some plants are stressed by lack
of water, their cuticle increases in thickness.
What does this action demonstrate?
A Alternation of generations in plants
B Structural response to the environment
C Differentiation of vascular tissue in plants
D Genetic mutation induced by the
environment
Some species of kelp anchor themselves to the
seafloor. These species have small air sacs, called
air bladders, at the base of each leaf.
The air bladders raise the top of the kelp to the
water’s surface. What advantage do air bladders
give the kelp?
A They allow the kelp to obtain more salt from the
water.
B They prevent the kelp from breaking during a
storm.
C They allow kelp leaves to receive greater amounts
of sunlight.
D They provide the kelp with protection from
herbivores.
11th Grade Science – page 12