Evolution of Metabolic Pathway
... ¾ Most bacteria and archaea retain the complete set of genes for tryptophan biosynthesis. The exceptions are the obligate archaeal heterotroph P. horikoshii and some obligate bacterial parasites; ¾ Enzymes of the tyrosine biosynthesis pathway are encoded in almost as many complete genomes, with the ...
... ¾ Most bacteria and archaea retain the complete set of genes for tryptophan biosynthesis. The exceptions are the obligate archaeal heterotroph P. horikoshii and some obligate bacterial parasites; ¾ Enzymes of the tyrosine biosynthesis pathway are encoded in almost as many complete genomes, with the ...
Chp 4 Cell Energy
... • A molecule of glucose is formed as it stores some of the energy captured from sunlight. – carbon dioxide molecules enter the Calvin cycle – energy is added and carbon molecules are rearranged – a high-energy three-carbon molecule leaves the cycle ...
... • A molecule of glucose is formed as it stores some of the energy captured from sunlight. – carbon dioxide molecules enter the Calvin cycle – energy is added and carbon molecules are rearranged – a high-energy three-carbon molecule leaves the cycle ...
1 - Intro to Electrochemistry
... A redox reaction is one where one substance is _______________ while another substance is simultaneously _______________ ...
... A redox reaction is one where one substance is _______________ while another substance is simultaneously _______________ ...
Key - Photosynthesis and Respiration Overview
... cytoplasm that converts [[glucose] C6H12O6, into pyruvate, Pyruvic Acid A 3 carbon organic acid produced during glycolysis. to fermentation and aerobic respiration Pyruvate For the purposes of this class, an alternate name for pyruvic acid. Krebs Cycle ...
... cytoplasm that converts [[glucose] C6H12O6, into pyruvate, Pyruvic Acid A 3 carbon organic acid produced during glycolysis. to fermentation and aerobic respiration Pyruvate For the purposes of this class, an alternate name for pyruvic acid. Krebs Cycle ...
103 topic summary
... DNA replication: general process and replication forks Types of RNA: general structures and functions of rRNA, mRNA and tRNA Transcription: general process and sequence and processing of mRNA Regulation of transcription: the lactose operon (control site and repressors) The genetic code: know how to ...
... DNA replication: general process and replication forks Types of RNA: general structures and functions of rRNA, mRNA and tRNA Transcription: general process and sequence and processing of mRNA Regulation of transcription: the lactose operon (control site and repressors) The genetic code: know how to ...
Powerpoint Slides for Chapter Seven
... losing a carbon in the process. (acetyl CoA) Inside the mitochondria, the two carbon piece left from the sugar is converted to carbon dioxide, water, and lots of ATP (TCA & ETS) ...
... losing a carbon in the process. (acetyl CoA) Inside the mitochondria, the two carbon piece left from the sugar is converted to carbon dioxide, water, and lots of ATP (TCA & ETS) ...
Welcome to AP Chemistry! I am glad that you decided to take on the
... I am glad that you decided to take on the challenge that AP Chemistry has to offer. This packet contains review materials that are necessary for your success in this course. It covers chemical formulas, equation writing and balancing, formula and reaction stoichiometry, gas laws, and solutions. If y ...
... I am glad that you decided to take on the challenge that AP Chemistry has to offer. This packet contains review materials that are necessary for your success in this course. It covers chemical formulas, equation writing and balancing, formula and reaction stoichiometry, gas laws, and solutions. If y ...
PhotosynthesisCalving CycleON
... twice in order to make a molecule of glucose. (Actually 6 times). 1. Carbon dioxide combines with ribulose biphosphate. Ru-Bp is a pentose monosacharide with 2 ...
... twice in order to make a molecule of glucose. (Actually 6 times). 1. Carbon dioxide combines with ribulose biphosphate. Ru-Bp is a pentose monosacharide with 2 ...
Notes Chapter 3 Biochemistry
... a) Cholesterol is steroid that is needed by the body for nerve cells and other cells to function normally b) Added to cell membrane to make it more fluid – fluid mosaic model 3. Nucleic Acids – very large and complex organic molecules that store information in cells made of long chains of nucleotide ...
... a) Cholesterol is steroid that is needed by the body for nerve cells and other cells to function normally b) Added to cell membrane to make it more fluid – fluid mosaic model 3. Nucleic Acids – very large and complex organic molecules that store information in cells made of long chains of nucleotide ...
You Light Up My Life
... Lactate Fermentation • Carried out by certain bacteria • No mitochondria, so where does this take place? • Electron transfer chain is in bacterial plasma membrane • Final electron acceptor is compound from environment (such as nitrate), not oxygen • ATP yield is low ...
... Lactate Fermentation • Carried out by certain bacteria • No mitochondria, so where does this take place? • Electron transfer chain is in bacterial plasma membrane • Final electron acceptor is compound from environment (such as nitrate), not oxygen • ATP yield is low ...
Electron transport chains in mitochondria
... down the series until electrons are passed to oxygen, the most electronegative and terminal electron acceptor in the chain. *electrons flow from low to large reduction potential Passage of electrons between donor and acceptor releases energy, which is used to generate a proton gradient across the mi ...
... down the series until electrons are passed to oxygen, the most electronegative and terminal electron acceptor in the chain. *electrons flow from low to large reduction potential Passage of electrons between donor and acceptor releases energy, which is used to generate a proton gradient across the mi ...
metabolism of lipids
... precipitant when lead sulfide is formed Bismuth sulfite medium Iron-high agar Agar turns black when H2S +, no color change when H2S – E.g. Salmonella sp; some Proteus sp. ...
... precipitant when lead sulfide is formed Bismuth sulfite medium Iron-high agar Agar turns black when H2S +, no color change when H2S – E.g. Salmonella sp; some Proteus sp. ...
PG1005 Lecture 12 Kreb`s Citric Acid Cycle
... cytosol to the establishment of electron harvesting reactions in the mitochondrial matrix • To revise the general mechanisms of glucose uptake. • To describe the enzymatic reactions occurring at each step of Kreb’s Citric Acid Cycle (KCAC). (substrates, enzymes, products, reaction types) • To hig ...
... cytosol to the establishment of electron harvesting reactions in the mitochondrial matrix • To revise the general mechanisms of glucose uptake. • To describe the enzymatic reactions occurring at each step of Kreb’s Citric Acid Cycle (KCAC). (substrates, enzymes, products, reaction types) • To hig ...
RiboPrinter® microbial characterization system
... consistency. The RiboPrinter system provides the speed, accuracy, reproducibility and confidence never before possible. From start to finish, the RiboPrinter system process is automated, simplifying operator training and minimizing errors due to technique. Loading and operating the characterization ...
... consistency. The RiboPrinter system provides the speed, accuracy, reproducibility and confidence never before possible. From start to finish, the RiboPrinter system process is automated, simplifying operator training and minimizing errors due to technique. Loading and operating the characterization ...
Energy in a Cell - Monroe Township School District
... 1. We cannot make our own food (glucose, energy), we must get our food from plants. (Plants are the first step in the food chain.) ...
... 1. We cannot make our own food (glucose, energy), we must get our food from plants. (Plants are the first step in the food chain.) ...
Energy unit, part 5, Chemoheterotrophic Nutrition
... ● Why food molecules need to be broken down into smaller molecules for energy to be harvested from them. ● The molecule that is oxidized and the molecule that is reduced in any REDOX reaction. ...
... ● Why food molecules need to be broken down into smaller molecules for energy to be harvested from them. ● The molecule that is oxidized and the molecule that is reduced in any REDOX reaction. ...
Anaerobic Respiration
... Krebs Cycle & the ETC so that the cell can have a continual source of energy, even in the absence of oxygen. • However this shift is only temporary and cells need oxygen for sustained activity. ...
... Krebs Cycle & the ETC so that the cell can have a continual source of energy, even in the absence of oxygen. • However this shift is only temporary and cells need oxygen for sustained activity. ...
Cycles of Matter PP
... The Nitrogen Cycle Human activity adds nitrogen to the biosphere in the ...
... The Nitrogen Cycle Human activity adds nitrogen to the biosphere in the ...
C483 Final Exam Study Guide The final will be held in Chemistry
... concepts for the course. It will be about 1/3 multiple choice, 1/3 short answer, and 1/3 problems, some of which are taken directly from the list below. These questions will also serve as a good review for the major topics of the course. You are encouraged to use them as a study guide. You may work ...
... concepts for the course. It will be about 1/3 multiple choice, 1/3 short answer, and 1/3 problems, some of which are taken directly from the list below. These questions will also serve as a good review for the major topics of the course. You are encouraged to use them as a study guide. You may work ...
Chapter 9 Pictures
... March 19. Do it before you leave for spring break. No excuses !!!!! Final Day to drop a class is Friday, March ...
... March 19. Do it before you leave for spring break. No excuses !!!!! Final Day to drop a class is Friday, March ...
electron transport
... The hydrogen electrode (pH 0) is set at 0 volts. Negative value of Eo tends to donate electrons to H electrode Positive value of Eo tends to accept electrons from H electrode Figure 20.2 Experimental apparatus used to measure the standard reduction potential of the indicated redox couples: (a) the a ...
... The hydrogen electrode (pH 0) is set at 0 volts. Negative value of Eo tends to donate electrons to H electrode Positive value of Eo tends to accept electrons from H electrode Figure 20.2 Experimental apparatus used to measure the standard reduction potential of the indicated redox couples: (a) the a ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)