II. Control of Metabolic Reactions
... 5. Cells “burn” glucose molecules in a process called oxidation. 6. The energy released by oxidation of glucose is used to promote cellular metabolism. 7. In cells, enzymes initiate oxidation by lowering the activation energy. 8. Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from molecule ...
... 5. Cells “burn” glucose molecules in a process called oxidation. 6. The energy released by oxidation of glucose is used to promote cellular metabolism. 7. In cells, enzymes initiate oxidation by lowering the activation energy. 8. Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from molecule ...
Lecture1
... Secondary metabolites are organic compounds that are not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of organisms. Unlike primary metabolites, absence of secondary metabolities does not result in immediate death, but rather in long-term impairment of the organism's survivabi ...
... Secondary metabolites are organic compounds that are not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of organisms. Unlike primary metabolites, absence of secondary metabolities does not result in immediate death, but rather in long-term impairment of the organism's survivabi ...
File
... bodies comes from aerobic metabolism C6H12O6(aq) + 6O2(g) 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(l) oxidation of compounds such as carbohydrates (using the O2 that we breathe) in redox reactions produces ATP, our “energy currency” Pyruvate + NADH + H+ lactate + NAD+ ...
... bodies comes from aerobic metabolism C6H12O6(aq) + 6O2(g) 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(l) oxidation of compounds such as carbohydrates (using the O2 that we breathe) in redox reactions produces ATP, our “energy currency” Pyruvate + NADH + H+ lactate + NAD+ ...
lesson i - MisterSyracuse.com
... 13. More complex organisms can’t use ammonia, because they either don’t live in water (terrestrial), or they have too many cells to just let it all out. 14. They use urea, then. 15. Earthworms use a system of nephridia, which are essentially like small kidneys, that concentrate wastes and excrete th ...
... 13. More complex organisms can’t use ammonia, because they either don’t live in water (terrestrial), or they have too many cells to just let it all out. 14. They use urea, then. 15. Earthworms use a system of nephridia, which are essentially like small kidneys, that concentrate wastes and excrete th ...
Cellular Respiration
... In the presence of oxygen, the three-carbon compound pyruvate can be catabolized in the citric acid cycle. First, however, the pyruvate 1) loses a carbon, which is given off as a molecule of CO2, 2) is oxidized to form a twocarbon compound called acetate, and 3) is bonded to coenzyme A. These three ...
... In the presence of oxygen, the three-carbon compound pyruvate can be catabolized in the citric acid cycle. First, however, the pyruvate 1) loses a carbon, which is given off as a molecule of CO2, 2) is oxidized to form a twocarbon compound called acetate, and 3) is bonded to coenzyme A. These three ...
File - Jolyon Johnson
... • 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 1 ATP produced per cycle • Fats are “stored energy” because they break down into acetate and enter the Krebs cycle • Ketoglutarate, succinate, fumarate, and malate form into amino acids to build proteins • There are two cycles for one glucose molecule ...
... • 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 1 ATP produced per cycle • Fats are “stored energy” because they break down into acetate and enter the Krebs cycle • Ketoglutarate, succinate, fumarate, and malate form into amino acids to build proteins • There are two cycles for one glucose molecule ...
File
... The graph shows how an increase in the snowshoe hare population – the prey – was followed by an increase in the lynx population the predators. The lynx preyed upon the hare, the hare population decreased then the lynx population decreased. (***Note in the graph that it can take some time for the siz ...
... The graph shows how an increase in the snowshoe hare population – the prey – was followed by an increase in the lynx population the predators. The lynx preyed upon the hare, the hare population decreased then the lynx population decreased. (***Note in the graph that it can take some time for the siz ...
Biology EOC Study Guide: Part 1, Ecology
... Environment: Natural surroundings, including living and nonliving components. May also refer to a region or to all natural systems on planet Earth. Food chain: a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten. Food web: a network of feeding interactions. Food we ...
... Environment: Natural surroundings, including living and nonliving components. May also refer to a region or to all natural systems on planet Earth. Food chain: a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten. Food web: a network of feeding interactions. Food we ...
Microbiology Extra Credit asg
... 1.) Microbiology is the study of small organisms, such as bacteria and viruses, which cannot be clearly seen with the naked eye. Various types of microscopes and staining processes are used to observe and study microorganisms. 2.) Procaryotic cells lack a membranous nucleus; they have a nucleiod ins ...
... 1.) Microbiology is the study of small organisms, such as bacteria and viruses, which cannot be clearly seen with the naked eye. Various types of microscopes and staining processes are used to observe and study microorganisms. 2.) Procaryotic cells lack a membranous nucleus; they have a nucleiod ins ...
File - Mr. Shanks` Class
... a) Glucose – 6 – phosphate b) Fructose – 6 phosphate c) Fructose - 1 ,6 biphosphate d) Glucose 3. Which one of the following is a reduced electron carrier that carries electrons to the ETC? a) GDP b) NADH+H+ c) NAD d) ADP 4. What are the names of both 3 carbon molecules that result when glucose is b ...
... a) Glucose – 6 – phosphate b) Fructose – 6 phosphate c) Fructose - 1 ,6 biphosphate d) Glucose 3. Which one of the following is a reduced electron carrier that carries electrons to the ETC? a) GDP b) NADH+H+ c) NAD d) ADP 4. What are the names of both 3 carbon molecules that result when glucose is b ...
Notes
... – 10 NADH take electrons to the ETS 3 ATP from each – 2 FADH2 take electrons to the ETS 2 ATP from each • Electrons carried by NADH produced during glycolysis are shuttled to the electron transport chain by an organic molecule (mechanism of delivery may vary # of ATP produced by ETS). ...
... – 10 NADH take electrons to the ETS 3 ATP from each – 2 FADH2 take electrons to the ETS 2 ATP from each • Electrons carried by NADH produced during glycolysis are shuttled to the electron transport chain by an organic molecule (mechanism of delivery may vary # of ATP produced by ETS). ...
CHAPTER 15
... For example, black ants and yellow ants have quite similar niches. Both kinds of ants live in pastures in Britain. They both feed on aphids and other small insects. […] They compete for space and food. […] Although the niches of yellow and black ants overlap enough to cause them to compete with one ...
... For example, black ants and yellow ants have quite similar niches. Both kinds of ants live in pastures in Britain. They both feed on aphids and other small insects. […] They compete for space and food. […] Although the niches of yellow and black ants overlap enough to cause them to compete with one ...
Cellular Respiration Jigsaw Activity Hand each student a standard
... 2) In the absence of oxygen, fermentation occurs, in which more ATP is produced. ...
... 2) In the absence of oxygen, fermentation occurs, in which more ATP is produced. ...
Chem331 Krebs Cycle
... Reactions take place in mitochondria - thus transport of reactants and products are important Overall reaction involves the entry of a 2 carbon compound (acetyl CoA) into the cycle with the loss of 2 CO2 and formation of 3 NADH, FADH2 and GTP or ATP. Acetyl CoA + 2 O 2 +12 ADP + 12 Pi -> 2 CO2 +CoAS ...
... Reactions take place in mitochondria - thus transport of reactants and products are important Overall reaction involves the entry of a 2 carbon compound (acetyl CoA) into the cycle with the loss of 2 CO2 and formation of 3 NADH, FADH2 and GTP or ATP. Acetyl CoA + 2 O 2 +12 ADP + 12 Pi -> 2 CO2 +CoAS ...
CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR RESPIRATION: HARVESTING CHEMICAL
... • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt. • Muscle cells switch from aerobic respiration to lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is scarce. • The waste product, lactate, may cause muscle fatigue, but ultimately it is converted back to pyruva ...
... • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt. • Muscle cells switch from aerobic respiration to lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is scarce. • The waste product, lactate, may cause muscle fatigue, but ultimately it is converted back to pyruva ...
Related Metabolic Processes
... • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt. • Muscle cells switch from aerobic respiration to lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is scarce. • The waste product, lactate, may cause muscle fatigue, but ultimately it is converted back to pyruva ...
... • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt. • Muscle cells switch from aerobic respiration to lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is scarce. • The waste product, lactate, may cause muscle fatigue, but ultimately it is converted back to pyruva ...
File
... State that the most frequently occurring chemical elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. State that a variety of other elements are needed by living organisms, including sulphur, calcium, phosphorus, iron and sodium. State one role for each of the elements in 3.1.2. Dra ...
... State that the most frequently occurring chemical elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. State that a variety of other elements are needed by living organisms, including sulphur, calcium, phosphorus, iron and sodium. State one role for each of the elements in 3.1.2. Dra ...
Simulating Biological and Chemical Processes of
... The graphs below show how accurately our model correlates to laboratory data. The example shown below shows laboratory and model predictions of pH, gas flow and acid build up for the anaerobic digestion of a bioethanol by-product in a 4L continuous flow reactor. ...
... The graphs below show how accurately our model correlates to laboratory data. The example shown below shows laboratory and model predictions of pH, gas flow and acid build up for the anaerobic digestion of a bioethanol by-product in a 4L continuous flow reactor. ...
Lesson Overview
... The monomers in starch polymers are sugar molecules, such as glucose. -Starches: a string of monomers Ex: A string of Glucose (see pic) The large macromolecules formed from monosaccharides are known as ...
... The monomers in starch polymers are sugar molecules, such as glucose. -Starches: a string of monomers Ex: A string of Glucose (see pic) The large macromolecules formed from monosaccharides are known as ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)