Sugar Amino Acids - The Krasavin research group
... like amino acids, sugars and nucleosides, to produce new chemical entities with multifunctional groups anchored on a single framework as the starting point for the creation of new molecules. Sugar amino acids (SAAs) represent an important class of templates deriving from the chiral pool that have at ...
... like amino acids, sugars and nucleosides, to produce new chemical entities with multifunctional groups anchored on a single framework as the starting point for the creation of new molecules. Sugar amino acids (SAAs) represent an important class of templates deriving from the chiral pool that have at ...
CV - Al-Hussein Bin Talal University
... Supervised undergraduate seminar projects The students are directed toward organic synthesis in general, which allows the undergraduate students to strengthen their understanding in the basics of organic chemistry. Due to the importance of asymmetric synthesis in the chemical industries especially i ...
... Supervised undergraduate seminar projects The students are directed toward organic synthesis in general, which allows the undergraduate students to strengthen their understanding in the basics of organic chemistry. Due to the importance of asymmetric synthesis in the chemical industries especially i ...
Amino Acids Objectives
... in more NH4+. This ammonium stimulates more glucagon release, which stimulates release of more glucose (gluconeogenesis), and glucose promotes insulin release from the pancreas. This insulin stimulates uptake of branched chain amino acids by muscle, where they are used as oxidizable substrates. Thei ...
... in more NH4+. This ammonium stimulates more glucagon release, which stimulates release of more glucose (gluconeogenesis), and glucose promotes insulin release from the pancreas. This insulin stimulates uptake of branched chain amino acids by muscle, where they are used as oxidizable substrates. Thei ...
Influence of Valine Analogues on Protein Synthesis of Chicken
... 45 min. After centrifugation (5,000×g, 3 min, 4℃), the supernatant was discarded and the pellet was mixed with 15 ml of Medium 199 including 2.5 μg/ml Fungizone, 100 units penicillin, 100 μg/ml streptomycin, 50 μg/ml gentamycin and 10% FCS. Minced muscles were pipetted several times and filtrated by ...
... 45 min. After centrifugation (5,000×g, 3 min, 4℃), the supernatant was discarded and the pellet was mixed with 15 ml of Medium 199 including 2.5 μg/ml Fungizone, 100 units penicillin, 100 μg/ml streptomycin, 50 μg/ml gentamycin and 10% FCS. Minced muscles were pipetted several times and filtrated by ...
One Hundred Years of Peptide Chemistry
... improvements in the methods of peptide bond formation culminated into the chemical synthesis of the oligopeptide hormone oxytocin by du Vigneaud in 1953. The discovery of a method for sequencing of amino acids in polypeptides and proteins is an epoch making event in the history of peptide chemistry. ...
... improvements in the methods of peptide bond formation culminated into the chemical synthesis of the oligopeptide hormone oxytocin by du Vigneaud in 1953. The discovery of a method for sequencing of amino acids in polypeptides and proteins is an epoch making event in the history of peptide chemistry. ...
LIPID METABOLISM BIOSYNTHESIS or DE NOVO SYNTHESIS OF
... The remaining 14 are from malonyl CoA (produced from acetyl CoA). During elongation in microsomes palmitate activated to palmitoyl CoA. Malonyl Co serves as the donor of two carbons at a time in series of reactions. Major elongation reaction occurs in the body involves the formation of stearyl CoA [ ...
... The remaining 14 are from malonyl CoA (produced from acetyl CoA). During elongation in microsomes palmitate activated to palmitoyl CoA. Malonyl Co serves as the donor of two carbons at a time in series of reactions. Major elongation reaction occurs in the body involves the formation of stearyl CoA [ ...
Chapter 21 Lipid Biosynthesis
... Humans can store more energy in glycogen than in triacylglycerols. Insulin stimulates conversion of dietary carbohydrate into triacylglycerols. It is not a hormone-sensitive process. Mammals are unable to convert carbohydrates into triacylglycerols. Phosphatidate is not on the pathway of triacylglyc ...
... Humans can store more energy in glycogen than in triacylglycerols. Insulin stimulates conversion of dietary carbohydrate into triacylglycerols. It is not a hormone-sensitive process. Mammals are unable to convert carbohydrates into triacylglycerols. Phosphatidate is not on the pathway of triacylglyc ...
Synthesis of New Sulfonamide Derivatives as Possible Antibacterial
... Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) catalyze the reversible hydration of CO2 to bicarbonate and protons, and the metal ion (which is a Zn2+ ion in all α-CAs investigated up to now) is essential for catalysis.[18] CAs are present in many human pathogens such as the malaria provoking protozoa Plasmodium falcipa ...
... Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) catalyze the reversible hydration of CO2 to bicarbonate and protons, and the metal ion (which is a Zn2+ ion in all α-CAs investigated up to now) is essential for catalysis.[18] CAs are present in many human pathogens such as the malaria provoking protozoa Plasmodium falcipa ...
Chapter 22 Biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleotides and related
... • First NH4+ is added to the side chain of glutamate to form glutamine in an ATP-dependent reaction catalyzed by glutamine synthetase. • Then the side chain amino group of Gln is further transferred to a-ketoglutarate to form Glu in a reaction catalyzed by glutamate synthase, an enzyme only present ...
... • First NH4+ is added to the side chain of glutamate to form glutamine in an ATP-dependent reaction catalyzed by glutamine synthetase. • Then the side chain amino group of Gln is further transferred to a-ketoglutarate to form Glu in a reaction catalyzed by glutamate synthase, an enzyme only present ...
EXAM 1 KEY
... What process(s) (1-10) will produce energy (NADHATP etc)? What process(s) (1-10) will produce NADPH?_3 ...
... What process(s) (1-10) will produce energy (NADHATP etc)? What process(s) (1-10) will produce NADPH?_3 ...
13synthesis
... - These are endergonic and reductive reactions, use ATP as source of energy and reduced electron carrier usually NADPH as reductant. * Fatty acid synthesis: - F.A synthesis is not the reversal of the degradative pathway, different sets of enzymes. ...
... - These are endergonic and reductive reactions, use ATP as source of energy and reduced electron carrier usually NADPH as reductant. * Fatty acid synthesis: - F.A synthesis is not the reversal of the degradative pathway, different sets of enzymes. ...
A speculation on the origin of protein synthesis
... not be overlooked. The comma-free conditions largely prevents a tRNA going on in the wrong phase; that is, displaced by 1, 2, 4, 5. . . . bases, but a tRNA can quite happily bind with 5 base-pairs displaced by 3 bases from the proper position. If it persisted there indefinitely, and if the nascent p ...
... not be overlooked. The comma-free conditions largely prevents a tRNA going on in the wrong phase; that is, displaced by 1, 2, 4, 5. . . . bases, but a tRNA can quite happily bind with 5 base-pairs displaced by 3 bases from the proper position. If it persisted there indefinitely, and if the nascent p ...
02 Cholesterol Metabolism2012-03-18 01:50617 KB
... Regulation of HMG CoA reductase Excretion of cholesterol Hypercholesterolemia and treatment ...
... Regulation of HMG CoA reductase Excretion of cholesterol Hypercholesterolemia and treatment ...
Nobel Prizes 1907 Eduard Buchner, cell
... of the thioester bondmuch energy;citrate synthase conformational change binding with oxalo;the only SLP in cycle:succinyl-CoA synthetase(his residue in map);succinate dehynase(A flavoprotein with FAD,3 Fe-S centers;only integral mem pro for CAC, Malonate(丙二酸) is a strong competitive inhibitor)Fumar ...
... of the thioester bondmuch energy;citrate synthase conformational change binding with oxalo;the only SLP in cycle:succinyl-CoA synthetase(his residue in map);succinate dehynase(A flavoprotein with FAD,3 Fe-S centers;only integral mem pro for CAC, Malonate(丙二酸) is a strong competitive inhibitor)Fumar ...
Citric Acid Cycle
... final common pathway for oxidation of fuel molecules provides intermediates for biosynthesis ...
... final common pathway for oxidation of fuel molecules provides intermediates for biosynthesis ...
Amino acid lecture(1) by Prof.Dr.Moaed Al
... Serine and threonine are deaminated by dehydration, and histidine undergoes deamination by desaturation. The five remaining amino acids are deaminated later on, after partial transformation: Arginine – deamination occurs after transfomation to ornithin, lysine – transamination follows the transforma ...
... Serine and threonine are deaminated by dehydration, and histidine undergoes deamination by desaturation. The five remaining amino acids are deaminated later on, after partial transformation: Arginine – deamination occurs after transfomation to ornithin, lysine – transamination follows the transforma ...
in Peptide Synthesis, Molecular Recognition
... ments in convergent strategies. Even recently introduced chemoselective ligation methods for the assembly of small proteins from completely side chain unprotected ...
... ments in convergent strategies. Even recently introduced chemoselective ligation methods for the assembly of small proteins from completely side chain unprotected ...
Amino Acid Catabolism 2
... All amino acids present in plasma but enriched (~50%) in alanine and glutamine ...
... All amino acids present in plasma but enriched (~50%) in alanine and glutamine ...
Biochemistry Study Guide NITROGEN METABOLISM
... This is a metalloprotease that requires Zinc and Manganese for catalysis. This cuts, usually on smaller peptides, one acid at a time off the amino end. DIPEPTIDASE: An Aminopeptidase, similar to above, which cuts two acids at a time from the amino end of a peptide. At this point, the peptide ...
... This is a metalloprotease that requires Zinc and Manganese for catalysis. This cuts, usually on smaller peptides, one acid at a time off the amino end. DIPEPTIDASE: An Aminopeptidase, similar to above, which cuts two acids at a time from the amino end of a peptide. At this point, the peptide ...
Glycolysis [Compatibility Mode]
... 10 Steps of Glycolysis Step -1 The enzyme hexokinase phosphorylates (adds a phosphate group to) glucose in the cell's cytoplasm. In the process, a phosphate group from ATP is transferred to glucose producing glucose 6-phosphate. ...
... 10 Steps of Glycolysis Step -1 The enzyme hexokinase phosphorylates (adds a phosphate group to) glucose in the cell's cytoplasm. In the process, a phosphate group from ATP is transferred to glucose producing glucose 6-phosphate. ...
H - IS MU
... Fructose-1-P accumulates in the liver cells to such an extent that most of the inorganic phosphate is removed from the cytosol. Oxidative phosphorylation is inhibited and hypoglycaemia also appears (Fru-1-P inhibits both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis). The intake of fructose and sucrose must be res ...
... Fructose-1-P accumulates in the liver cells to such an extent that most of the inorganic phosphate is removed from the cytosol. Oxidative phosphorylation is inhibited and hypoglycaemia also appears (Fru-1-P inhibits both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis). The intake of fructose and sucrose must be res ...
17. Amino acids are precursors of many specialized biomolecules
... tetrapyrrole derivative, and the typical pigments found in bile, urine, and feces, a deficiency of which will ...
... tetrapyrrole derivative, and the typical pigments found in bile, urine, and feces, a deficiency of which will ...
Bio Exam 4 Study Guide- Question Format Fatty acid Synthesis
... a. Unsaturated FA containing more than one double bond 30. Single bonded chains are catalyzed into double bonded molecules through what process? a. Desaturases catalyze double bond formation by using NADH and O2. 31. Where can desaturases place the double bond? Where can they not? a. Between carbony ...
... a. Unsaturated FA containing more than one double bond 30. Single bonded chains are catalyzed into double bonded molecules through what process? a. Desaturases catalyze double bond formation by using NADH and O2. 31. Where can desaturases place the double bond? Where can they not? a. Between carbony ...
Oligonucleotide synthesis
Oligonucleotide synthesis is the chemical synthesis of relatively short fragments of nucleic acids with defined chemical structure (sequence). The technique is extremely useful in current laboratory practice because it provides a rapid and inexpensive access to custom-made oligonucleotides of the desired sequence. Whereas enzymes synthesize DNA and RNA only in a 5' to 3' direction, chemical oligonucleotide synthesis does not suffer from this limitation, although it is, most often, carried out in the opposite, 3' to 5' direction. Currently, the process is implemented as solid-phase synthesis using phosphoramidite method and phosphoramidite building blocks derived from protected 2'-deoxynucleosides (dA, dC, dG, and T), ribonucleosides (A, C, G, and U), or chemically modified nucleosides, e.g. LNA, BNA.To obtain the desired oligonucleotide, the building blocks are sequentially coupled to the growing oligonucleotide chain in the order required by the sequence of the product (see Synthetic cycle below). The process has been fully automated since the late 1970s. Upon the completion of the chain assembly, the product is released from the solid phase to solution, deprotected, and collected. The occurrence of side reactions sets practical limits for the length of synthetic oligonucleotides (up to about 200 nucleotide residues) because the number of errors accumulates with the length of the oligonucleotide being synthesized. Products are often isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to obtain the desired oligonucleotides in high purity. Typically, synthetic oligonucleotides are single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules around 15–25 bases in length.Oligonucleotides find a variety of applications in molecular biology and medicine. They are most commonly used as antisense oligonucleotides, small interfering RNA, primers for DNA sequencing and amplification, probes for detecting complementary DNA or RNA via molecular hybridization, tools for the targeted introduction of mutations and restriction sites, and for the synthesis of artificial genes.