biosynthesis of fatty acids - Academic Research Collections
... lipids and nucleic acids, grouped under a category called macromolecules, form the basic components that make life possible. In addition to these molecules there are micromolecules like hormones, vitamins and minerals that also play a vital role in the process of life. Among the macromolecules, prot ...
... lipids and nucleic acids, grouped under a category called macromolecules, form the basic components that make life possible. In addition to these molecules there are micromolecules like hormones, vitamins and minerals that also play a vital role in the process of life. Among the macromolecules, prot ...
De Novo Pyrimidine Nucleotide Synthesis Mainly
... by adding the nucleobase uracil (Chen and Slocum, 2008). In general, it is assumed that pyrimidine de novo synthesis is exclusively located in plastids with the exception of the reaction catalyzed by dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) (Slocum, 2005). However, direct experimental evidence for this ...
... by adding the nucleobase uracil (Chen and Slocum, 2008). In general, it is assumed that pyrimidine de novo synthesis is exclusively located in plastids with the exception of the reaction catalyzed by dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) (Slocum, 2005). However, direct experimental evidence for this ...
REDESIGN OF CARNITINE ACETYLTRANSFERASE SPECIFICITY BY PROTEIN ENGINEERING UNIVERSIDAD DE BARCELONA
... Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) catalyzes a similar reaction to CrAT, with the difference that in ChAT the acetyl group from acetyl-CoA is transferred to choline instead of carnitine. Cronin (1998) successfully redesigned ChAT to use carnitine instead of its natural substrate choline. In the presen ...
... Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) catalyzes a similar reaction to CrAT, with the difference that in ChAT the acetyl group from acetyl-CoA is transferred to choline instead of carnitine. Cronin (1998) successfully redesigned ChAT to use carnitine instead of its natural substrate choline. In the presen ...
PART I
... Certain transgenic traits in crop species might alter the plant's ability to invade natural and semi-natural habitats and cultivated fields. Potato is not invasive of habitats and the transgenic plant can readily be shown to have similar characteristics before widespread use. The risk that the gene ...
... Certain transgenic traits in crop species might alter the plant's ability to invade natural and semi-natural habitats and cultivated fields. Potato is not invasive of habitats and the transgenic plant can readily be shown to have similar characteristics before widespread use. The risk that the gene ...
ppt
... http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:yZDPRbqZ1BIJ:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein_relation_(kinetic_theory)+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us ...
... http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:yZDPRbqZ1BIJ:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein_relation_(kinetic_theory)+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us ...
Introduction
... First, dietary fiber reduces the absorption of cholesterol and reabsorption of bile acids in the intestinal lumen. Greater fecal excretion of bile acids leads to a decreased enterohepatic circulation of bile acids, followed by an increase in conversion of cholesterol to bile acids in the liver and a ...
... First, dietary fiber reduces the absorption of cholesterol and reabsorption of bile acids in the intestinal lumen. Greater fecal excretion of bile acids leads to a decreased enterohepatic circulation of bile acids, followed by an increase in conversion of cholesterol to bile acids in the liver and a ...
Nutritional Requirements of Streptococcus salivarius
... acid (Burchall, Niederman & Wolin, 1964) and the carboxyl and guanidine carbons of arginine (Niederman & Wolin, 1967). In addition S. bovis incorporates acetate mainly into glutamic acid (Prescott, Ragland & Hurley, 1965). These results indicate that a tricarboxylic acid pathway to a-oxoglutaric aci ...
... acid (Burchall, Niederman & Wolin, 1964) and the carboxyl and guanidine carbons of arginine (Niederman & Wolin, 1967). In addition S. bovis incorporates acetate mainly into glutamic acid (Prescott, Ragland & Hurley, 1965). These results indicate that a tricarboxylic acid pathway to a-oxoglutaric aci ...
Nutrient cycles - VBIOLOGY
... The Products of the Link Reaction go to the Krebs Cycle and the ETC So for each glucose molecule: 2 acetylcoenzyme A (go into the Krebs cycle) ...
... The Products of the Link Reaction go to the Krebs Cycle and the ETC So for each glucose molecule: 2 acetylcoenzyme A (go into the Krebs cycle) ...
(EC 2.2.1.1) active in the Calvin cycle of spinach chloroplasts
... the Calvin cycle and the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP) of higher-plant chloroplasts. In the Calvin cycle, it catalyses the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from either D-fructose6-phosphate or D-sedoheptulose-7-phosphate to Dglyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to yield D-xylulose-5phosphate ...
... the Calvin cycle and the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP) of higher-plant chloroplasts. In the Calvin cycle, it catalyses the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from either D-fructose6-phosphate or D-sedoheptulose-7-phosphate to Dglyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to yield D-xylulose-5phosphate ...
PDH02 - OSU Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
... from octanoic acid via an enzymatic S-insertion. Additional details have been learned about lipoic acid synthesis. The question of why mitochondria synthesize fatty acids has been answered: the synthesis of lipoic acid. Wada, Shintani, and Ohlrogge (17) established that pea mitochondria can acyl car ...
... from octanoic acid via an enzymatic S-insertion. Additional details have been learned about lipoic acid synthesis. The question of why mitochondria synthesize fatty acids has been answered: the synthesis of lipoic acid. Wada, Shintani, and Ohlrogge (17) established that pea mitochondria can acyl car ...
De Novo Pyrimidine Nucleotide Synthesis Mainly
... by adding the nucleobase uracil (Chen and Slocum, 2008). In general, it is assumed that pyrimidine de novo synthesis is exclusively located in plastids with the exception of the reaction catalyzed by dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) (Slocum, 2005). However, direct experimental evidence for this ...
... by adding the nucleobase uracil (Chen and Slocum, 2008). In general, it is assumed that pyrimidine de novo synthesis is exclusively located in plastids with the exception of the reaction catalyzed by dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) (Slocum, 2005). However, direct experimental evidence for this ...
LipidMetabolism
... There are applications for FAs with more than 18 carbons and FAs with >=1 cis double bonds Elongases and desaturases exist to handle these needs (fig. 16.7) Desaturase adds a cis-double bond; if the FA already has unsaturations, the new one is added three carbons closer to the carboxyl Elongases con ...
... There are applications for FAs with more than 18 carbons and FAs with >=1 cis double bonds Elongases and desaturases exist to handle these needs (fig. 16.7) Desaturase adds a cis-double bond; if the FA already has unsaturations, the new one is added three carbons closer to the carboxyl Elongases con ...
Glycolysis
... • Might be part of a general urea-synthesizing mechanism. • More arginase present in the liver than needed for degradation of arginine. • The principle of evolution. ...
... • Might be part of a general urea-synthesizing mechanism. • More arginase present in the liver than needed for degradation of arginine. • The principle of evolution. ...
Central Role of Glutamate Metabolism in the Maintenance of
... Abstract: Glutamate is present in the brain at an average concentration—typically 10–12 mM—far in excess of those of other amino acids. In glutamate-containing vesicles in the brain, the concentration of glutamate may even exceed 100 mM. Yet because glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter, ...
... Abstract: Glutamate is present in the brain at an average concentration—typically 10–12 mM—far in excess of those of other amino acids. In glutamate-containing vesicles in the brain, the concentration of glutamate may even exceed 100 mM. Yet because glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter, ...
Fluoroquinolones
... positively supercoiled DNA that is required for normal transcription and replication • Inhibition of topoisomerase IV interferes with separation of replicated chromosomal DNA into the respective daughter cells during cell division ...
... positively supercoiled DNA that is required for normal transcription and replication • Inhibition of topoisomerase IV interferes with separation of replicated chromosomal DNA into the respective daughter cells during cell division ...
Differential Regulation of a-Lactalbumin and
... is undergoing intense stimulation during both pregnancy and lactation. Casein mRNA levels in the glands rose continuously, increasing 20-fold from Day 5 of pregnancy a-Lactalbuminand Casein mRNA in Pregnantand Lac to Day 15 of lactation (Chart 9A). The important of hormonal tating Glands.Total mRNAw ...
... is undergoing intense stimulation during both pregnancy and lactation. Casein mRNA levels in the glands rose continuously, increasing 20-fold from Day 5 of pregnancy a-Lactalbuminand Casein mRNA in Pregnantand Lac to Day 15 of lactation (Chart 9A). The important of hormonal tating Glands.Total mRNAw ...
Glycogen Earth organisms use three major forms of - Rose
... UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase also catalyzes a reversible reaction, the addition of UTP to the glucose-1-phosphate, with release of pyrophosphate. The reaction is driven physiologically by cleavage of pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate by pyrophosphatase. The UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase reactio ...
... UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase also catalyzes a reversible reaction, the addition of UTP to the glucose-1-phosphate, with release of pyrophosphate. The reaction is driven physiologically by cleavage of pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate by pyrophosphatase. The UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase reactio ...
Disposition of Glutathione Conjugates in Rats by a Novel Glutamic
... comparisons with synthetic standards. This pathway (addition of glutamic acids) led to larger peptides, in contrast to the mercapturic acid pathway, in which the glutathione adducts are broken down to smaller molecules. The enzyme responsible for the addition of glutamic acid to the different elemen ...
... comparisons with synthetic standards. This pathway (addition of glutamic acids) led to larger peptides, in contrast to the mercapturic acid pathway, in which the glutathione adducts are broken down to smaller molecules. The enzyme responsible for the addition of glutamic acid to the different elemen ...
Synthetic human prion protein octapeptide repeat binds to the
... The NMR structure of the recombinant human prion protein, rhPrP (23–230), includes a globular domain (residues 125–228) and an N-terminal disordered tail [7]. The fragment between residues 53 and 85 consists of repeats of the sequence GGGWGQPH and can be defined as an ‘‘octapeptide repeat (OPR) regio ...
... The NMR structure of the recombinant human prion protein, rhPrP (23–230), includes a globular domain (residues 125–228) and an N-terminal disordered tail [7]. The fragment between residues 53 and 85 consists of repeats of the sequence GGGWGQPH and can be defined as an ‘‘octapeptide repeat (OPR) regio ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.