Tertiary structure
... polypeptide chain is called a "subunit." The way these chains fit together or associate with one another is referred to as the "quaternary structure." • The quarternary structure of the protein refers to the way multiple subunits of a protein interact. This is the arrangement of the individual subun ...
... polypeptide chain is called a "subunit." The way these chains fit together or associate with one another is referred to as the "quaternary structure." • The quarternary structure of the protein refers to the way multiple subunits of a protein interact. This is the arrangement of the individual subun ...
News Release
... company founded in 2006 employing our proprietary Peptide Discovery Platform System(PDPS) , a state-of-the-art highly versatile peptide generation and selection platform which enables the production of highly diverse (trillions) non-standard peptide libraries with high efficiency, for the discovery ...
... company founded in 2006 employing our proprietary Peptide Discovery Platform System(PDPS) , a state-of-the-art highly versatile peptide generation and selection platform which enables the production of highly diverse (trillions) non-standard peptide libraries with high efficiency, for the discovery ...
Chapter 03
... 3.8 Fats are lipids that are mostly energy-storage molecules Lipids differ from carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids in that they are – not huge molecules and ...
... 3.8 Fats are lipids that are mostly energy-storage molecules Lipids differ from carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids in that they are – not huge molecules and ...
Exam 3 Review
... pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain/oxidative phosphorylation). Also, be able to determine the ATP yield from a molecule of pyruvate and a molecule of acetyl-CoA. 9. Explain why glucose is immediately phosphorylated to become glucose-6-phosphate when it enters a ...
... pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain/oxidative phosphorylation). Also, be able to determine the ATP yield from a molecule of pyruvate and a molecule of acetyl-CoA. 9. Explain why glucose is immediately phosphorylated to become glucose-6-phosphate when it enters a ...
A model for mis-sense error in protein synthesis: mis
... is also the correct one, as directed by the corresponding template; the other end of the same cognate tRNA molecule, referred to as anti-codon, matches perfectly, by complementary base pairing, with the codon on the template mRNA. In contrast, increasing degree of mismatch makes the tRNA near-cognat ...
... is also the correct one, as directed by the corresponding template; the other end of the same cognate tRNA molecule, referred to as anti-codon, matches perfectly, by complementary base pairing, with the codon on the template mRNA. In contrast, increasing degree of mismatch makes the tRNA near-cognat ...
Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
... appears to be a magic number with respect to peptide/protein structure. Oligopeptides with 20 or fewer amino acids do not fold into a “single” low energy conformation, rather they exist in numerous random shapes. Molecules with greater than 20 amino acids most often fold into a single stable low ene ...
... appears to be a magic number with respect to peptide/protein structure. Oligopeptides with 20 or fewer amino acids do not fold into a “single” low energy conformation, rather they exist in numerous random shapes. Molecules with greater than 20 amino acids most often fold into a single stable low ene ...
Nucleoside Phosphoramidate Monoesters: Potential
... Two mechanisms possible 1) Rho () protein independent termination ...
... Two mechanisms possible 1) Rho () protein independent termination ...
I will henceforth cover the importance of eating simpler meals versus
... before an organism can utilize the sugars. Sucrose, maltose, lactose and dextrose are examples of disaccharides. 3) Polysaccharides (“poly” means multiple or many), also known as complex carbohydrates or starches, are composed of 3 or more monosaccharides. No organism can use this kind of sugar in i ...
... before an organism can utilize the sugars. Sucrose, maltose, lactose and dextrose are examples of disaccharides. 3) Polysaccharides (“poly” means multiple or many), also known as complex carbohydrates or starches, are composed of 3 or more monosaccharides. No organism can use this kind of sugar in i ...
Spring 97, Exam 1
... (c; 4 pts) If the volume of the compartment is 10-17 liters, how many protons are in it at pH 5? If the single ATP synthase in the membrane can allow 10 protons per second to exit the compartment, how long can ATP synthesis continue once NADH oxidation is shut off? ...
... (c; 4 pts) If the volume of the compartment is 10-17 liters, how many protons are in it at pH 5? If the single ATP synthase in the membrane can allow 10 protons per second to exit the compartment, how long can ATP synthesis continue once NADH oxidation is shut off? ...
Book Problems Chapter 2
... The transporter must include a cytosolic nucleotide binding site that changes its conformation when its bound ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP. This conformational change must be communicated to the membrane-spanning portion of the protein, where the transported substrate binds. (b) Overexpression of an MDR ...
... The transporter must include a cytosolic nucleotide binding site that changes its conformation when its bound ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP. This conformational change must be communicated to the membrane-spanning portion of the protein, where the transported substrate binds. (b) Overexpression of an MDR ...
Enzymes
... This may result in different enzymes, called isozymes, with the same function having the same basic name. Isoenzymes have a different amino acid sequence and might be distinguished by their optimal pH, kinetic properties or immunologically. Isoenzyme and isozyme are homologous proteins. Furthermore, ...
... This may result in different enzymes, called isozymes, with the same function having the same basic name. Isoenzymes have a different amino acid sequence and might be distinguished by their optimal pH, kinetic properties or immunologically. Isoenzyme and isozyme are homologous proteins. Furthermore, ...
Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation
... A noteworthy feature of ribosomes is that they can be formed in vitro by self-assembly of their RNA and protein constituents. As first described in 1968 by Masayasu Nomura, purified ribosomal proteins and rRNAs can be mixed together and, under appropriate conditions, will reform a functional riboso ...
... A noteworthy feature of ribosomes is that they can be formed in vitro by self-assembly of their RNA and protein constituents. As first described in 1968 by Masayasu Nomura, purified ribosomal proteins and rRNAs can be mixed together and, under appropriate conditions, will reform a functional riboso ...
Addition of the keto functional group to the genetic
... acid is selectively incorporated in response to a UAG codon. This method requires the suppressor tRNA to be chemically aminoacylated with the unnatural amino acid in vitro, and the acylated tRNA is consumed as a stoichiometric reagent during translation and cannot be regenerated, resulting in low pr ...
... acid is selectively incorporated in response to a UAG codon. This method requires the suppressor tRNA to be chemically aminoacylated with the unnatural amino acid in vitro, and the acylated tRNA is consumed as a stoichiometric reagent during translation and cannot be regenerated, resulting in low pr ...
Chapter 3 – The Molecules of Cells
... Carbonyl group – polar, Carbon linked by a double bond to an Oxygen Carboxyl group – polar, a Carbon double-bonded to both an Oxygen and a Hydroxyl group ...
... Carbonyl group – polar, Carbon linked by a double bond to an Oxygen Carboxyl group – polar, a Carbon double-bonded to both an Oxygen and a Hydroxyl group ...
PostScript - Theoretical Biochemistry Group
... codon position of the complementary strand can not be compensated. In contrast to that, 1-3 pairing should be most favorable in evolutionary terms because silent (acceptable) mutations would be accompanied by conservative (often acceptable) ones. If it is true that RNA secondary structures are subje ...
... codon position of the complementary strand can not be compensated. In contrast to that, 1-3 pairing should be most favorable in evolutionary terms because silent (acceptable) mutations would be accompanied by conservative (often acceptable) ones. If it is true that RNA secondary structures are subje ...
Protein Structure and Function
... The cytochrome P450 superfamily (officially abbreviated as CYP) is a large and diverse group of enzymes. The function of most CYP enzymes is to catalyze the oxidation of organic substances. The substrates of CYP enzymes include metabolic intermediates such as lipids and steroidal hormones, as well a ...
... The cytochrome P450 superfamily (officially abbreviated as CYP) is a large and diverse group of enzymes. The function of most CYP enzymes is to catalyze the oxidation of organic substances. The substrates of CYP enzymes include metabolic intermediates such as lipids and steroidal hormones, as well a ...
the three faces of the genetic code
... The principal objection to optimization theories has been that a change in the genetic code causes mutations in every protein, most of which are likely to be deleterious. Consequently, once cells relied on a particular genetic code to any appreciable extent, the further changes required by the optim ...
... The principal objection to optimization theories has been that a change in the genetic code causes mutations in every protein, most of which are likely to be deleterious. Consequently, once cells relied on a particular genetic code to any appreciable extent, the further changes required by the optim ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.