BIO 219 Spring 2013 Outline for “Cell Metabolism” Energy (ATP
... Five integral membrane proteins NADH & FADH2 Oxygen (Why do we need it?) Net yield Fermentation Glycolysis Lactic acid production What about fats and proteins as an energy source? Objectives: By the end of lecture today you should be able to . . . (1) Describe the similarities and differences betwee ...
... Five integral membrane proteins NADH & FADH2 Oxygen (Why do we need it?) Net yield Fermentation Glycolysis Lactic acid production What about fats and proteins as an energy source? Objectives: By the end of lecture today you should be able to . . . (1) Describe the similarities and differences betwee ...
End-product control of enzymes of branched
... isoleucine-valine pathway, the combination of all three amino acids gave in individual experiments activities 0.12-0.19 of those with no supplementation, the ratio of the means being 0.16. Supplementation with threonine, or with leucine, isoleucine or valine singly or in pairwise combinations, gave ...
... isoleucine-valine pathway, the combination of all three amino acids gave in individual experiments activities 0.12-0.19 of those with no supplementation, the ratio of the means being 0.16. Supplementation with threonine, or with leucine, isoleucine or valine singly or in pairwise combinations, gave ...
Full Text Attachment - international journal of advances in
... during the bacterial cell wall synthesis D-alanine was especially selected in an attempt to mislead the transpeptidase enzyme. CONCLUSION The present study concludes that compound containing the imidazole ring is very important in living system, such as vitamin B12 and several pilocarpin alkaloids.I ...
... during the bacterial cell wall synthesis D-alanine was especially selected in an attempt to mislead the transpeptidase enzyme. CONCLUSION The present study concludes that compound containing the imidazole ring is very important in living system, such as vitamin B12 and several pilocarpin alkaloids.I ...
Catalogue Number CTK-573 Synonyms HCNTF, CNTF, Ciliary
... phenotype is not causally related to neurologic disease. In addition to the predominant monocistronic transcript originating from this locus, the gene is also co-transcribed with the upstream ZFP91 gene. Co-transcription from the two loci results in a transcript that contains a complete coding regio ...
... phenotype is not causally related to neurologic disease. In addition to the predominant monocistronic transcript originating from this locus, the gene is also co-transcribed with the upstream ZFP91 gene. Co-transcription from the two loci results in a transcript that contains a complete coding regio ...
I. Metabolism
... Oxidative phosphorylation cannot occur substrate-level phosphorylation (energy provided by degrading the original substrate) is an alternative route, but the efficiency of energy production is typically 8% of aerobic metabolism. ...
... Oxidative phosphorylation cannot occur substrate-level phosphorylation (energy provided by degrading the original substrate) is an alternative route, but the efficiency of energy production is typically 8% of aerobic metabolism. ...
Biological Pathways I
... •Metabolic pathways are irreversible. Biological systems are governed by thermodynamics! For a process to be spontaneous ∆G must be negative • Every metabolic pathway has a committed step. Usually the first irreversible step unique to a pathway. Usually an important site of regulation • Catabolic an ...
... •Metabolic pathways are irreversible. Biological systems are governed by thermodynamics! For a process to be spontaneous ∆G must be negative • Every metabolic pathway has a committed step. Usually the first irreversible step unique to a pathway. Usually an important site of regulation • Catabolic an ...
Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth
... released from bonds is free energy Energy available to do work If reactants have more free energy than products, energy is released Exergonic reaction If products have more energy that reactants, energy is consumed Endergonic reaction ...
... released from bonds is free energy Energy available to do work If reactants have more free energy than products, energy is released Exergonic reaction If products have more energy that reactants, energy is consumed Endergonic reaction ...
SAM Teachers Guide - RI
... quaternary structure of proteins). Chemical Bonds allows students to make connections between the polar and non-polar nature of bonds and how one part of a molecule could be partially positive or negative due to the uneven sharing of electrons. The Solubility activity highlights the tendencies of gl ...
... quaternary structure of proteins). Chemical Bonds allows students to make connections between the polar and non-polar nature of bonds and how one part of a molecule could be partially positive or negative due to the uneven sharing of electrons. The Solubility activity highlights the tendencies of gl ...
Fatty Acid Metabolism - chem.uwec.edu
... transferring the CoASH from succinyl–CoA. It is then split into two Acetyl–CoA by a thiolase reaction ...
... transferring the CoASH from succinyl–CoA. It is then split into two Acetyl–CoA by a thiolase reaction ...
Proteins
... • Membrane proteins have more hydrophobic residues, whereas fibrous proteins may have atypical sequences • Homologous proteins from different organisms have homologous sequences • e.g., cytochrome c is highly conserved ...
... • Membrane proteins have more hydrophobic residues, whereas fibrous proteins may have atypical sequences • Homologous proteins from different organisms have homologous sequences • e.g., cytochrome c is highly conserved ...
Citric acid cycle • What are the functions of Citric Acid Cycle?
... The mitochondrion has two membranes of which the inner one is selective and folded. The degree of folding depends on the energy need of the cell Outer membrane: All molecules with MW<5000 can pass Inner membrane: Selective, contains electron transport chain and ATP-synthase Matrix: Contains the enzy ...
... The mitochondrion has two membranes of which the inner one is selective and folded. The degree of folding depends on the energy need of the cell Outer membrane: All molecules with MW<5000 can pass Inner membrane: Selective, contains electron transport chain and ATP-synthase Matrix: Contains the enzy ...
hydrophilic
... in length from 38-375 mm round, and have a diameter of about 25 µm. The fibers can be identified by the scales on the surface Felting ...
... in length from 38-375 mm round, and have a diameter of about 25 µm. The fibers can be identified by the scales on the surface Felting ...
Milk Composition
... Lactose -major carbohydrate in milk - disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose - unique to mammary gland - major osmole of milk (the primary component that draws water into milk) ...
... Lactose -major carbohydrate in milk - disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose - unique to mammary gland - major osmole of milk (the primary component that draws water into milk) ...
Using enzymes in industrial processes
... pre-digest some of the protein in the food. Now the babies digestive system can cope with it better and they can get the amino acids they need from food ...
... pre-digest some of the protein in the food. Now the babies digestive system can cope with it better and they can get the amino acids they need from food ...
Bio 102 Practice Problems
... Short answer (show your work or thinking to get partial credit): 1. Recombinant human insulin, produced by bacteria carrying a cloned insulin gene, is now the major form of insulin used to treat diabetes. The human insulin gene encodes an mRNA only 333 nucleotides long, but the entire gene spans mo ...
... Short answer (show your work or thinking to get partial credit): 1. Recombinant human insulin, produced by bacteria carrying a cloned insulin gene, is now the major form of insulin used to treat diabetes. The human insulin gene encodes an mRNA only 333 nucleotides long, but the entire gene spans mo ...
INFORMATION FOR FOREIGN STUDENTS
... 1. Get the electrophoresis unit ready prior to experiment. Fill it with a veronal-medinal buffer pH 8.6 and place «wicks» consisting of several layers of filter paper to ensure contact between the supporting medium and the insulating plate. 2. Pencil a "start" mark on a dry cellulose acetate membran ...
... 1. Get the electrophoresis unit ready prior to experiment. Fill it with a veronal-medinal buffer pH 8.6 and place «wicks» consisting of several layers of filter paper to ensure contact between the supporting medium and the insulating plate. 2. Pencil a "start" mark on a dry cellulose acetate membran ...
1 Introduction - diss.fu
... Protein synthesis is one of the most essential events in each living cell. Here, the genetic information stored in DNA and transcribed into RNA is translated into a sequence of amino acids forming a polypeptide. In that process, tRNAs are involved bridging the world of proteins with that of nucleic ...
... Protein synthesis is one of the most essential events in each living cell. Here, the genetic information stored in DNA and transcribed into RNA is translated into a sequence of amino acids forming a polypeptide. In that process, tRNAs are involved bridging the world of proteins with that of nucleic ...
2015
... C) is essential in the conversion of fatty acids to glucose. D) requires the enzyme hexokinase. E) can result in the conversion of protein into blood glucose. Circle the correct answer. 18. [4 points] Fill in the blanks in the following sentences: The product of the enzyme PFK-2 is the molecule ____ ...
... C) is essential in the conversion of fatty acids to glucose. D) requires the enzyme hexokinase. E) can result in the conversion of protein into blood glucose. Circle the correct answer. 18. [4 points] Fill in the blanks in the following sentences: The product of the enzyme PFK-2 is the molecule ____ ...
Problem Sets / Exams - Department of Chemistry ::: CALTECH
... a. (5 points) If a 50 amino acid polypeptide were to sample all of its possible conformations in order to fold, how long would this process take? Assume that each amino acid residue can have three different conformations and it takes one picosecond (10-12) to convert between structures. b. (5 points ...
... a. (5 points) If a 50 amino acid polypeptide were to sample all of its possible conformations in order to fold, how long would this process take? Assume that each amino acid residue can have three different conformations and it takes one picosecond (10-12) to convert between structures. b. (5 points ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.