REDESIGN OF CARNITINE ACETYLTRANSFERASE SPECIFICITY BY PROTEIN ENGINEERING UNIVERSIDAD DE BARCELONA
... processes to ‘activate’ the relevant metabolite. The process requires an input of energy in the form of the hydrolysis of nucleotide triphosphate. In general, it represents the first step through which the metabolite enters a particular pathway (e.g., Krebs cycle or synthesis of fatty acids and chol ...
... processes to ‘activate’ the relevant metabolite. The process requires an input of energy in the form of the hydrolysis of nucleotide triphosphate. In general, it represents the first step through which the metabolite enters a particular pathway (e.g., Krebs cycle or synthesis of fatty acids and chol ...
New Insight into the Role of the Calvin Cycle: Reutilization
... because they are biodegradable thermoplastics produced from renewable carbon sources. A number of studies has focused on the biosynthesis of PHAs by R. eutropha, particularly in terms of the biosynthetic pathways and enzymes, and on metabolic engineering aimed at efficient production of PHA copolyes ...
... because they are biodegradable thermoplastics produced from renewable carbon sources. A number of studies has focused on the biosynthesis of PHAs by R. eutropha, particularly in terms of the biosynthetic pathways and enzymes, and on metabolic engineering aimed at efficient production of PHA copolyes ...
Catalytic mechanism of nucleoside diphosphate kinase investigated
... ABSTRACT: Nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinases display low specificity with respect to the base moiety of the nucleotides and to the 2′-position of the ribose, but the 3′-hydroxyl is found to be important for catalysis. We report in this paper the enzymatic analysis of a series of derivatives of thy ...
... ABSTRACT: Nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinases display low specificity with respect to the base moiety of the nucleotides and to the 2′-position of the ribose, but the 3′-hydroxyl is found to be important for catalysis. We report in this paper the enzymatic analysis of a series of derivatives of thy ...
cell biology - Bio
... The overall theme for the book is the cell as the unit of life. We begin (Chapters 1–3) by describing the components of the cell as seen under the microscope. We then (Chapters 4–8) turn to the central dogma of molecular biology and describe how DNA is used to make RNA which in turn is used to make ...
... The overall theme for the book is the cell as the unit of life. We begin (Chapters 1–3) by describing the components of the cell as seen under the microscope. We then (Chapters 4–8) turn to the central dogma of molecular biology and describe how DNA is used to make RNA which in turn is used to make ...
The Bacterial Toxin RelE Displays Codon
... of protein synthesis by RelE in vivo. We have found that although RelE does not degrade free RNA, it cleaves mRNA in the ribosomal A site with high codon specificity. Among stop codons UAG is cleaved with fast, UAA intermediate and UGA slow rate, while UCG and CAG are cleaved most rapidly among sens ...
... of protein synthesis by RelE in vivo. We have found that although RelE does not degrade free RNA, it cleaves mRNA in the ribosomal A site with high codon specificity. Among stop codons UAG is cleaved with fast, UAA intermediate and UGA slow rate, while UCG and CAG are cleaved most rapidly among sens ...
RIBOSOMES, PEPTIDES AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE
... been proposed further that the pausing ribosome is converted into the stalled state by the inducer, chloramphenicol. However, since little similarity can be found between cat, cmlA, and erm leader peptides, it remains unclear what properties of the peptide are important for its regulatory effect. S ...
... been proposed further that the pausing ribosome is converted into the stalled state by the inducer, chloramphenicol. However, since little similarity can be found between cat, cmlA, and erm leader peptides, it remains unclear what properties of the peptide are important for its regulatory effect. S ...
Identification of Novel Non-Metal Haloperoxidases from the Marine
... to synthesize various useful halogenated organic compounds, such as antimicrobial agents and cosmetics, have recently received great attention for selective oxygenation and halogenations of organic substrates [1]. Since the transformations of such selective oxygenation and halogenations of organic s ...
... to synthesize various useful halogenated organic compounds, such as antimicrobial agents and cosmetics, have recently received great attention for selective oxygenation and halogenations of organic substrates [1]. Since the transformations of such selective oxygenation and halogenations of organic s ...
Are You suprised ?
... organisms that appear to have few physical similarities may have similar sequences of amino acids in their proteins and be closely related through evolution. Many researchers believe that the greater the similarity in the amino-acid sequences of two organisms, the more closely related they are in an ...
... organisms that appear to have few physical similarities may have similar sequences of amino acids in their proteins and be closely related through evolution. Many researchers believe that the greater the similarity in the amino-acid sequences of two organisms, the more closely related they are in an ...
PDF - DigiNole! - Florida State University
... diketo-D-gluconic acid reductase.1,2 These genetic manipulations have resulted in bacteria that can directly produce 2-KLG from D-glucose. In principle, this method may have considerable advantage over the currently used Reichstein and Grussner synthesis, which involves numerous chemical steps in ad ...
... diketo-D-gluconic acid reductase.1,2 These genetic manipulations have resulted in bacteria that can directly produce 2-KLG from D-glucose. In principle, this method may have considerable advantage over the currently used Reichstein and Grussner synthesis, which involves numerous chemical steps in ad ...
GSS: Gonad-Stimulating Substance
... nerves and determined its amino acid sequence. The purified GSS was a heterodimer composed of 2 different peptides, A and B chains, with disulfide cross-linkages. Based on its cysteine motif, starfish GSS was classified as a member of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF)/ relaxin superfamily ...
... nerves and determined its amino acid sequence. The purified GSS was a heterodimer composed of 2 different peptides, A and B chains, with disulfide cross-linkages. Based on its cysteine motif, starfish GSS was classified as a member of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF)/ relaxin superfamily ...
12_chemistry_impq_CH13_amines_02
... Acetylation (or ethanoylation) is the process of introducing an acetyl group into a molecule. Aliphatic and aromatic primary and secondary amines undergo acetylation reaction by nucleophilic substitution when treated with acid chlorides, anhydrides or esters. This reaction involves the replacement o ...
... Acetylation (or ethanoylation) is the process of introducing an acetyl group into a molecule. Aliphatic and aromatic primary and secondary amines undergo acetylation reaction by nucleophilic substitution when treated with acid chlorides, anhydrides or esters. This reaction involves the replacement o ...
background of the invention
... composition by using a biosensing element (such as an enzyme or an antibody) to convert a change quantity of a chemical substance (such as a glucose level, plasma concentration, potassium ion concentration or cholesterol level) in a system into an electronic signal or an optical signal, and its appl ...
... composition by using a biosensing element (such as an enzyme or an antibody) to convert a change quantity of a chemical substance (such as a glucose level, plasma concentration, potassium ion concentration or cholesterol level) in a system into an electronic signal or an optical signal, and its appl ...
Molecular cloning, characterization and gene expression of an
... disproportionation of superoxide to hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) and water [10,11]. The second involves removal of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen, which, in most cells, is normally achieved by catalase and various peroxidases [12,13]. Catalase is a more significant H2O2 scavenger at a higher stea ...
... disproportionation of superoxide to hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) and water [10,11]. The second involves removal of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen, which, in most cells, is normally achieved by catalase and various peroxidases [12,13]. Catalase is a more significant H2O2 scavenger at a higher stea ...
Nature inspired platforms for production of acetyl
... cytosolic acetyl-CoA and decreasing acetyl-CoA flux towards other subcellular compartments. Oleaginous, or lipid accumulating yeast, have evolved mechanisms to export units of mitochondrial acetyl-CoA into the cytosol required for lipid biosynthesis. Key to this mechanism is the activity of the ACL ...
... cytosolic acetyl-CoA and decreasing acetyl-CoA flux towards other subcellular compartments. Oleaginous, or lipid accumulating yeast, have evolved mechanisms to export units of mitochondrial acetyl-CoA into the cytosol required for lipid biosynthesis. Key to this mechanism is the activity of the ACL ...
Is a Diabetes-Linked Amino Acid Signature associated with Beta
... JOXFRVHPJGO24, following treatment with atenolol monotherapy. After a 12 hour fast, glucose was measured in all participants at baseline, prior to initiation of atenolol, and again at the end of atenolol therapy. Mean duration of treatment with atenolol was 9 weeks. Participants ...
... JOXFRVHPJGO24, following treatment with atenolol monotherapy. After a 12 hour fast, glucose was measured in all participants at baseline, prior to initiation of atenolol, and again at the end of atenolol therapy. Mean duration of treatment with atenolol was 9 weeks. Participants ...
Intestinal peptidases form functional complexes with the neutral
... out by a number of individual enzymes and transporters functioning independently [9]. However, the discovery that the carboxypeptidase ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) is required for the trafficking of B0 AT1 in vitro and in vivo in the intestine has led us to re-evaluate this view [10,11]. I ...
... out by a number of individual enzymes and transporters functioning independently [9]. However, the discovery that the carboxypeptidase ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) is required for the trafficking of B0 AT1 in vitro and in vivo in the intestine has led us to re-evaluate this view [10,11]. I ...
Branched-chain 2-oxoacids transamination increases
... increased catabolic rate [11]. As BCKA may generate 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) in their transamination reaction with glutamate [8] and hence feed the tricarboxylic acid cycle, their different secretory capacities might also depend on their different rates of transamination. However, this turned out not to ...
... increased catabolic rate [11]. As BCKA may generate 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) in their transamination reaction with glutamate [8] and hence feed the tricarboxylic acid cycle, their different secretory capacities might also depend on their different rates of transamination. However, this turned out not to ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.