Enzyme and metabolic pathway lecture 2
... 60. Lipid anabolism: Let’s take a look first at how and why lipids are made. Lipids, such as triglycerides, are used to store large amounts of energy. If you look at the structure of a triglyceride, it’s easy to see why. Triglycerides are made up of a 3 carbon molecule called glycerol, which is prod ...
... 60. Lipid anabolism: Let’s take a look first at how and why lipids are made. Lipids, such as triglycerides, are used to store large amounts of energy. If you look at the structure of a triglyceride, it’s easy to see why. Triglycerides are made up of a 3 carbon molecule called glycerol, which is prod ...
Cellular Respiration notes HONORS
... form another 4C compound. This time FAD is reduced to form FADH2 5. The 4C from step 4 releases an H atom to regenerate oxaloacetic acid, which keeps the Krebs cycle operating. The H atom reduces NAD+ to NADH ...
... form another 4C compound. This time FAD is reduced to form FADH2 5. The 4C from step 4 releases an H atom to regenerate oxaloacetic acid, which keeps the Krebs cycle operating. The H atom reduces NAD+ to NADH ...
Full Text
... with a basic domain near the N-terminus and two aspartate-rich domains (‘‘D’’ domains) interspersed among three serine- and glycine-rich regions (Fig. 2), and eight possible N-glycosylation sites localized in the aspartaterich domains (Figs. 1 and 2). Preliminary results indicate that the rest of th ...
... with a basic domain near the N-terminus and two aspartate-rich domains (‘‘D’’ domains) interspersed among three serine- and glycine-rich regions (Fig. 2), and eight possible N-glycosylation sites localized in the aspartaterich domains (Figs. 1 and 2). Preliminary results indicate that the rest of th ...
Slide 1
... protein’s function, therefore some penalties, δ(vi , wj), will be less harsh than others. We need to know how often one amino acid is substituted for another in related proteins ...
... protein’s function, therefore some penalties, δ(vi , wj), will be less harsh than others. We need to know how often one amino acid is substituted for another in related proteins ...
CHEM1611 2014-J-9 June 2014 • Alanine ( ala) and lysine (lys) are
... GABA receptors. Suggest a reason why this might be the case. The bulky cyclohexyl group interferes with the binding of gabapentin at the GABA receptor site. This could be due to either steric reasons (the group is too large to fit into the receptor site) or its hydrophobic nature is a poor match for ...
... GABA receptors. Suggest a reason why this might be the case. The bulky cyclohexyl group interferes with the binding of gabapentin at the GABA receptor site. This could be due to either steric reasons (the group is too large to fit into the receptor site) or its hydrophobic nature is a poor match for ...
Red meat and protein
... Diets must provide the right balance of amino acids and nitrogen essential for the body to be able to synthesise protein for growth and maintenance. Protein quality is a measure of how well or poorly the body can use a given protein to meet its needs. This is dependent on the essential amino acid co ...
... Diets must provide the right balance of amino acids and nitrogen essential for the body to be able to synthesise protein for growth and maintenance. Protein quality is a measure of how well or poorly the body can use a given protein to meet its needs. This is dependent on the essential amino acid co ...
enzymes and vectors
... bonds between 3' hydroxyl ends of one nucleotide, ("acceptor") with the 5' phosphate end of another ("donor"). ATP is required for the ligase reaction, which proceeds in three steps: (1) Adenylation (addition of AMP) of a residue in the active center of the enzyme, pyrophosphate is released. (2) Tra ...
... bonds between 3' hydroxyl ends of one nucleotide, ("acceptor") with the 5' phosphate end of another ("donor"). ATP is required for the ligase reaction, which proceeds in three steps: (1) Adenylation (addition of AMP) of a residue in the active center of the enzyme, pyrophosphate is released. (2) Tra ...
ECHS1 mutations in Leigh disease: a new inborn
... mutant ECSH1 in patient fibroblasts We amplified the coding region of wild-type ECSH1 by PCR from reverse-transcribed RNA isolated from control fibroblasts and subcloned this into the HindIII and BamHI sites of the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3 (Invitrogen). The entire fragment was sequenced t ...
... mutant ECSH1 in patient fibroblasts We amplified the coding region of wild-type ECSH1 by PCR from reverse-transcribed RNA isolated from control fibroblasts and subcloned this into the HindIII and BamHI sites of the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3 (Invitrogen). The entire fragment was sequenced t ...
Visualization of RNA molecules using VMD
... VMD (abbrev. Visual Molecular Dynamics) is a molecule visualisation and analysing tool for large biological macromolecules: proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and membrane structures. It runs on most Unix systems, Apple Mac OS X and MS Windows. In addition to visualisation VMD's key features are visual ...
... VMD (abbrev. Visual Molecular Dynamics) is a molecule visualisation and analysing tool for large biological macromolecules: proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and membrane structures. It runs on most Unix systems, Apple Mac OS X and MS Windows. In addition to visualisation VMD's key features are visual ...
Biochemistry
... A blood smear of a patient who has recently recovered from flu contains 10\% of roundish cells 4,5-7 micrometer large with a big round nucleus and basophilically stained cytoplasm in form of a narrow border around the nucleus. What blood status are they typical for? A *Lymphocytopenia B Thrombopenia ...
... A blood smear of a patient who has recently recovered from flu contains 10\% of roundish cells 4,5-7 micrometer large with a big round nucleus and basophilically stained cytoplasm in form of a narrow border around the nucleus. What blood status are they typical for? A *Lymphocytopenia B Thrombopenia ...
video slide
... The Functional and Evolutionary Importance of Introns • Some genes can encode more than one kind of polypeptide, depending on which segments are treated as exons during RNA splicing • Such variations are called alternative RNA splicing • Because of alternative splicing, the number of different prot ...
... The Functional and Evolutionary Importance of Introns • Some genes can encode more than one kind of polypeptide, depending on which segments are treated as exons during RNA splicing • Such variations are called alternative RNA splicing • Because of alternative splicing, the number of different prot ...
MS Word file
... 13.2 Transcription Is the Synthesis of an RNA Molecule from a DNA Template The Template The transcribed strand: template strand Transcription will produce an RNA molecule that resembles the opposite strand or the nontemplate strand RNA polymerase moves along template strand in 3’-5’ direction and pr ...
... 13.2 Transcription Is the Synthesis of an RNA Molecule from a DNA Template The Template The transcribed strand: template strand Transcription will produce an RNA molecule that resembles the opposite strand or the nontemplate strand RNA polymerase moves along template strand in 3’-5’ direction and pr ...
BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Problem Unit Seven
... (dispensable) amino acids can be formed by transamination. Because transamination is reversible, the nitrogen of other amino acids can collect in L-glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid can then return to the matrix of the mitochondria. There it can undergo transamination in the presence of oxaloacetate an ...
... (dispensable) amino acids can be formed by transamination. Because transamination is reversible, the nitrogen of other amino acids can collect in L-glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid can then return to the matrix of the mitochondria. There it can undergo transamination in the presence of oxaloacetate an ...
Gene Section NBS1 (Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... The 754 amino acid protein is called nibrin; predicted MW 85 kDa, 95 kDa by SDS-PAGE; contains in Nterm a forkhead associated domain (amino acids 24100) and a breast cancer domain (BRCT; amino acids 105-190), both domains being found in the various DNA damage responsive cell cycle checkpoint protein ...
... The 754 amino acid protein is called nibrin; predicted MW 85 kDa, 95 kDa by SDS-PAGE; contains in Nterm a forkhead associated domain (amino acids 24100) and a breast cancer domain (BRCT; amino acids 105-190), both domains being found in the various DNA damage responsive cell cycle checkpoint protein ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... MCGGAII/L and cannot be assigned to any of the three previously de¢ned ERF classes [8]. This N-terminal motif is only found in ERF genes, including AtEBP from Arabidopsis [23] and OsEBP-89 from rice [20]. LeERF2, therefore, de¢nes the new ERF class IV. Though the function of the MCGGAII/L motif has ...
... MCGGAII/L and cannot be assigned to any of the three previously de¢ned ERF classes [8]. This N-terminal motif is only found in ERF genes, including AtEBP from Arabidopsis [23] and OsEBP-89 from rice [20]. LeERF2, therefore, de¢nes the new ERF class IV. Though the function of the MCGGAII/L motif has ...
Method to protect a targeted amino acid residue during random mutagenesis
... from mutation at a particular amino acid residue, we replace the codon of interest with a detachable, short DNA sequence containing a BsaXI recognition site. After PCR mutagenesis, this sequence is removed and intramolecular ligation of the sequences ¯anking the insert regenerates the gene. The thre ...
... from mutation at a particular amino acid residue, we replace the codon of interest with a detachable, short DNA sequence containing a BsaXI recognition site. After PCR mutagenesis, this sequence is removed and intramolecular ligation of the sequences ¯anking the insert regenerates the gene. The thre ...
D-loop - BioMed Central
... and a negative AT-skew (-0.2531), i.e. the transcript of the major strand is relatively rich in nucleotides G and T, and correspondently poor in C and A (nucleotide frequencies as follows: T 0.447, C 0.110, A 0.267, G 0.176). This pattern, referred to as the reverse strand bias [1], is also found in ...
... and a negative AT-skew (-0.2531), i.e. the transcript of the major strand is relatively rich in nucleotides G and T, and correspondently poor in C and A (nucleotide frequencies as follows: T 0.447, C 0.110, A 0.267, G 0.176). This pattern, referred to as the reverse strand bias [1], is also found in ...
Discrimination of wine age of Chinese rice wine by
... randomly selected to be validation samples (2 samples from each wine age year group); the other 26 samples were used as calibration samples. The three wine age groups were selected from different production dates. 2.2 Amino acid analysis The amino acid profiles of the Chinese rice wines were analyze ...
... randomly selected to be validation samples (2 samples from each wine age year group); the other 26 samples were used as calibration samples. The three wine age groups were selected from different production dates. 2.2 Amino acid analysis The amino acid profiles of the Chinese rice wines were analyze ...
CHaPter 2 Nucleic acids and proteins: a review
... Many organic molecules are made of large numbers of smaller sub-units that are linked together by specific covalent bonds. Nucleic acids, proteins and polysaccharides are examples of this type of organic molecule. Compounds formed in this way are called polymers. The sub-units are called monomers. T ...
... Many organic molecules are made of large numbers of smaller sub-units that are linked together by specific covalent bonds. Nucleic acids, proteins and polysaccharides are examples of this type of organic molecule. Compounds formed in this way are called polymers. The sub-units are called monomers. T ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.