2 Carboxyl Groups
... backbone attached to two fatty acid side chains and a polar phosphate group. In a polar environment (such as water) phospholipids assume arrangements in which only their polar ends are exposed to water. This is the reason cell membranes form a lipid bilayer. ...
... backbone attached to two fatty acid side chains and a polar phosphate group. In a polar environment (such as water) phospholipids assume arrangements in which only their polar ends are exposed to water. This is the reason cell membranes form a lipid bilayer. ...
Introduction to the Digestive System Notes
... Liver, Pancreas and Gallbladder • Liver: The center of metabolic activity in the body provides bile salts to the small intestine, which are critical for digestion and absorption of fats. • Pancreas: provides a potent mixture of digestive enzymes to the small intestine which are critical for digesti ...
... Liver, Pancreas and Gallbladder • Liver: The center of metabolic activity in the body provides bile salts to the small intestine, which are critical for digestion and absorption of fats. • Pancreas: provides a potent mixture of digestive enzymes to the small intestine which are critical for digesti ...
Unit 1 Review
... (b) Sperm cells move by wiggling flagella. Thus, they need lots of mitochondria to produce energy for their flagella. Fat cells do not move, so they do not need large amounts of energy. 9. Chlorophyll molecules are embedded in thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts. 10. (a) A different set of genes are ...
... (b) Sperm cells move by wiggling flagella. Thus, they need lots of mitochondria to produce energy for their flagella. Fat cells do not move, so they do not need large amounts of energy. 9. Chlorophyll molecules are embedded in thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts. 10. (a) A different set of genes are ...
Biomolecules
... essential carbon based molecules http://www.genomenewsnetwork.org/articles/11_00/crystal_structure_image.shtml ...
... essential carbon based molecules http://www.genomenewsnetwork.org/articles/11_00/crystal_structure_image.shtml ...
2.4 Chemical Reactions and Enzymes
... carbonic anhydrase that speeds up the reaction by a factor of 10 million. The reaction takes place immediately & CO2 is removed from the blood instantly. ...
... carbonic anhydrase that speeds up the reaction by a factor of 10 million. The reaction takes place immediately & CO2 is removed from the blood instantly. ...
Download PDF
... Biochemistry is the study of the variety of chemical structures and chemical reactions that occur in living organisms. In order to truly understand the detailed mechanisms of these diverse reactions, one must assimilate aspects of organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, and physical chemistry and ap ...
... Biochemistry is the study of the variety of chemical structures and chemical reactions that occur in living organisms. In order to truly understand the detailed mechanisms of these diverse reactions, one must assimilate aspects of organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, and physical chemistry and ap ...
Proteins - RMC Science Home
... together by a peptide bond. Contain hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen The main function of proteins is to build and maintain tissues. Can also be used for energy but ONLY if carbohydrate and fat stores are depleated. ...
... together by a peptide bond. Contain hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen The main function of proteins is to build and maintain tissues. Can also be used for energy but ONLY if carbohydrate and fat stores are depleated. ...
Enzymes
... Steroids are also lipids Made of carbon atoms arranged in a ring Cholesterol is a steroid that is found in food and is also made in the body High levels of cholesterol can lead to hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis) which can cause heart disease The male hormone testosterone and the female h ...
... Steroids are also lipids Made of carbon atoms arranged in a ring Cholesterol is a steroid that is found in food and is also made in the body High levels of cholesterol can lead to hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis) which can cause heart disease The male hormone testosterone and the female h ...
Chapter 2 - Clinton Public Schools
... •________________ in homeostasis can prevent enzymes from functioning. –Enzymes function best in a __________________ of conditions. –Changes in temperature and pH can ____________________ bonds. –An enzyme’s function depends on its _______________. ...
... •________________ in homeostasis can prevent enzymes from functioning. –Enzymes function best in a __________________ of conditions. –Changes in temperature and pH can ____________________ bonds. –An enzyme’s function depends on its _______________. ...
Ch. 2 Notes Organic Chemistry
... Make chemical rxns happen in living organisms. Example: salivary amylase in saliva– begins process of digestion ...
... Make chemical rxns happen in living organisms. Example: salivary amylase in saliva– begins process of digestion ...
NUTRITION & DIGESTION - Fox Valley Lutheran High School
... manufacture, must get from your diets. Meat and dairy contain all 8 amino acids: complete proteins Most plants lack one or more: incomplete proteins(vegetarians) Proteins & Energy Can be used but must be converted into carbos. first This is done in the liver through deamination in the liver as an am ...
... manufacture, must get from your diets. Meat and dairy contain all 8 amino acids: complete proteins Most plants lack one or more: incomplete proteins(vegetarians) Proteins & Energy Can be used but must be converted into carbos. first This is done in the liver through deamination in the liver as an am ...
25-1
... • Metabolism is all the chemical reactions of the body – some reactions produce the energy stored in ATP that other reactions consume – all molecules will eventually be broken down and recycled or excreted from the body ...
... • Metabolism is all the chemical reactions of the body – some reactions produce the energy stored in ATP that other reactions consume – all molecules will eventually be broken down and recycled or excreted from the body ...
Carbohydrates, proteins and lipids Chapter 3 MACROMOLECULES
... Molecules in living organisms: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids Most are polymers of smaller molecules called monomers SUBUNITS OF MACROMOLECULES Proteins: combinations of 20 • Carbohydrates: sugar monomers ( monosaccharides ) are linked to form polysaccharides • Nucleic acids: 4 kinds ...
... Molecules in living organisms: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids Most are polymers of smaller molecules called monomers SUBUNITS OF MACROMOLECULES Proteins: combinations of 20 • Carbohydrates: sugar monomers ( monosaccharides ) are linked to form polysaccharides • Nucleic acids: 4 kinds ...
No Slide Title
... • Metabolism is all the chemical reactions of the body – some reactions produce the energy stored in ATP that other reactions consume – all molecules will eventually be broken down and recycled or excreted from the body ...
... • Metabolism is all the chemical reactions of the body – some reactions produce the energy stored in ATP that other reactions consume – all molecules will eventually be broken down and recycled or excreted from the body ...
Sec_2_3 Carbon Compunds
... is joined to another carbon atom by a single bond (maximum number of hydrogens!) Unsaturated- at least one carbon-carbon double bond in a fatty acid (ex. Olive oil) ...
... is joined to another carbon atom by a single bond (maximum number of hydrogens!) Unsaturated- at least one carbon-carbon double bond in a fatty acid (ex. Olive oil) ...
(C)
... 28. The term ketogenic amino acids refers to amino acids: (A) that are precursors for glucose synthesis, (B) degraded to yield acetyl CoA or acetoacetate, (C) that can not be converted to fatty acids or ketone bodies, (D) degraded to yield succinyl-CoA, pyruvate, a-ketoglutarate, fumarate and oxaloa ...
... 28. The term ketogenic amino acids refers to amino acids: (A) that are precursors for glucose synthesis, (B) degraded to yield acetyl CoA or acetoacetate, (C) that can not be converted to fatty acids or ketone bodies, (D) degraded to yield succinyl-CoA, pyruvate, a-ketoglutarate, fumarate and oxaloa ...
Ch.23Pt.1_001
... • Free energy differences between reactants & products is low • Concentration differences keep enzyme-run reactions going in one direction • How? • Products are constantly removed so no build up at the end. Concentration stays low for products ...
... • Free energy differences between reactants & products is low • Concentration differences keep enzyme-run reactions going in one direction • How? • Products are constantly removed so no build up at the end. Concentration stays low for products ...
File
... • Building block for nucleic acids = A, G, C, T • 4 basic nucleotides in DNA: adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine (G-C, A-T…base pairings) • 4 basic nucleotides in RNA: adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil (G-C, A-U…base pairings) ...
... • Building block for nucleic acids = A, G, C, T • 4 basic nucleotides in DNA: adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine (G-C, A-T…base pairings) • 4 basic nucleotides in RNA: adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil (G-C, A-U…base pairings) ...
Biology Winter Break Review I. Chapter 1
... 2. Identify the following parts of an experiment. a. variable – factors that can affect the outcome of an experiment b. independent variable – the variable that is changed; tested c. dependent variable – the variable that is the result of the independent variable d. control group – part of the exper ...
... 2. Identify the following parts of an experiment. a. variable – factors that can affect the outcome of an experiment b. independent variable – the variable that is changed; tested c. dependent variable – the variable that is the result of the independent variable d. control group – part of the exper ...
Exam I Sample Questions
... For an atom to be inert, the valence shell must be complete An atom with two electrons in its 2pz will have different properties than an atom with one A&D ...
... For an atom to be inert, the valence shell must be complete An atom with two electrons in its 2pz will have different properties than an atom with one A&D ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.