Chapter Summary - OHS General Biology
... • Unlike other macromolecules, lipids do not form polymers. • The unifying feature of lipids is that they have little or no affinity for water because they consist of mostly hydrocarbons, which form nonpolar covalent bonds. Fats store large amounts of energy. • Although fats are not strictly polymer ...
... • Unlike other macromolecules, lipids do not form polymers. • The unifying feature of lipids is that they have little or no affinity for water because they consist of mostly hydrocarbons, which form nonpolar covalent bonds. Fats store large amounts of energy. • Although fats are not strictly polymer ...
Lecture 6
... c. There exist two cycles: replication and translation they form one big cycle IV. DNA a. Only one proper base pairing: G-C, A-T b. Fourth degree interaction by hydrogen bonds c. Replication: two copies, same info, constraints on the process exist d. Need ATP to have process proceed V. Conclusion ...
... c. There exist two cycles: replication and translation they form one big cycle IV. DNA a. Only one proper base pairing: G-C, A-T b. Fourth degree interaction by hydrogen bonds c. Replication: two copies, same info, constraints on the process exist d. Need ATP to have process proceed V. Conclusion ...
Biochemistry Webquest
... A fat is a lipid that contains _________ glycerol linked to _________ fatty acids by Fats are often called _________ because of their structure Fats are lipids that are mostly _________ molecules Draw a fat and label the parts Some fatty acids contain _________bonds This causes _________in ...
... A fat is a lipid that contains _________ glycerol linked to _________ fatty acids by Fats are often called _________ because of their structure Fats are lipids that are mostly _________ molecules Draw a fat and label the parts Some fatty acids contain _________bonds This causes _________in ...
III B.Sc. (CHEMISTRY) MODEL CURRICULUM FOR
... expansion of perfect gas under isothermal and adiabatic conditions for reversible processes. State function. Temperature dependence of enthalpy of formation-Kirchoff’s equation. Second law of thermodynamics. Different Statements of the law. Carnot cycle and its efficiency. Carnot theorem. Concept of ...
... expansion of perfect gas under isothermal and adiabatic conditions for reversible processes. State function. Temperature dependence of enthalpy of formation-Kirchoff’s equation. Second law of thermodynamics. Different Statements of the law. Carnot cycle and its efficiency. Carnot theorem. Concept of ...
Cellular Respiration
... Plants and animals both use products of photosynthesis (glucose) for metabolic fuel Heterotrophs: must take in energy from outside sources, cannot make their own e.g. animals When we take in glucose (or other carbs), proteins, and fats-these foods don’t come to us the way our cells can use the ...
... Plants and animals both use products of photosynthesis (glucose) for metabolic fuel Heterotrophs: must take in energy from outside sources, cannot make their own e.g. animals When we take in glucose (or other carbs), proteins, and fats-these foods don’t come to us the way our cells can use the ...
Notes Photosynthesis Light energy The two main colors that plants
... Dark-Independent Reactions – the second phase of photosynthesis The light-independent reactions are referred to as the Calvin Cycle. In a series of reactions, ATP and hydrogen produced during the lightdependent reaction are added to carbon dioxide to make sugars. The sugar produced can be consumed b ...
... Dark-Independent Reactions – the second phase of photosynthesis The light-independent reactions are referred to as the Calvin Cycle. In a series of reactions, ATP and hydrogen produced during the lightdependent reaction are added to carbon dioxide to make sugars. The sugar produced can be consumed b ...
CH06-Metabolism-Fueling Cell Growth
... • Biological catalysts: accelerate conversion of substrate into product by lowering activation energy • Highly specific: one at each step • Reactions would occur without, but extremely slowly ...
... • Biological catalysts: accelerate conversion of substrate into product by lowering activation energy • Highly specific: one at each step • Reactions would occur without, but extremely slowly ...
Light RXNS: 1. What is the key event that starts off light reactions? 2.
... 2. How many protons are pumped into the transmembrane space per molecule of NADH and how many protons are pumped into the transmembrane space per molecule of FADH2? 3. Where do the electrons come from ...
... 2. How many protons are pumped into the transmembrane space per molecule of NADH and how many protons are pumped into the transmembrane space per molecule of FADH2? 3. Where do the electrons come from ...
Ch 26 Powerpoint
... • Excess glycerol & fatty acids undergo lipogenesis to form triglycerides in the liver. • Glucose or amino acids converted into lipids Glucose glyceraldehyde glyceraldehyde3-phosphate glycerol or to acetyl CoA which can go on to form fatty acids • Amino acids Acetyl CoA fatty acids, etc. • ...
... • Excess glycerol & fatty acids undergo lipogenesis to form triglycerides in the liver. • Glucose or amino acids converted into lipids Glucose glyceraldehyde glyceraldehyde3-phosphate glycerol or to acetyl CoA which can go on to form fatty acids • Amino acids Acetyl CoA fatty acids, etc. • ...
Slide 1
... • When electrons are transported through an electron transport chain, protons are extruded to the outside of the membrane forming the proton motive force. • Key electron carriers include flavins, quinones, the cytochrome bc1 complex, and other cytochromes, depending on the organism. ...
... • When electrons are transported through an electron transport chain, protons are extruded to the outside of the membrane forming the proton motive force. • Key electron carriers include flavins, quinones, the cytochrome bc1 complex, and other cytochromes, depending on the organism. ...
Cell Processes chpt 9
... captures the suns energy and transforms it to food that stores energy in chemical bonds Carbohydrates and sugars are produced by the plants Oxygen is given off ...
... captures the suns energy and transforms it to food that stores energy in chemical bonds Carbohydrates and sugars are produced by the plants Oxygen is given off ...
PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX
... amino acid degradation is not significant normally, but neurons consume amino acids instead of synthesizing proteins in this case Other organs can degrade fatty acids efficiently, therefore they are not damaged. d) Acetylcholine neurotransmitter sythesis requires acetyl-CoA, produced by PDHC. ...
... amino acid degradation is not significant normally, but neurons consume amino acids instead of synthesizing proteins in this case Other organs can degrade fatty acids efficiently, therefore they are not damaged. d) Acetylcholine neurotransmitter sythesis requires acetyl-CoA, produced by PDHC. ...
Handout
... Three phases – making a total of 38 ATP for each glucose molecule Glycolysis – splits glucose (6-Carbons) in half making two (3-carbon) pyruvic acid molecules --- process releases a small amount of energy and small amount of NADH Krebs Cycle – extracts energy from pyruvic acids (small amount) create ...
... Three phases – making a total of 38 ATP for each glucose molecule Glycolysis – splits glucose (6-Carbons) in half making two (3-carbon) pyruvic acid molecules --- process releases a small amount of energy and small amount of NADH Krebs Cycle – extracts energy from pyruvic acids (small amount) create ...
chemotrophs
... molecules in their enviroments.these molecules may be organic (organotrophs) or inorganic molecules(lithotrophs). • It is two types: chemoautotrophs ...
... molecules in their enviroments.these molecules may be organic (organotrophs) or inorganic molecules(lithotrophs). • It is two types: chemoautotrophs ...
Chp. 8
... 9) Compare and contrast substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation. Identify which stages of cellular respiration (glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain) utilize each type of phosphorylation. ...
... 9) Compare and contrast substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation. Identify which stages of cellular respiration (glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain) utilize each type of phosphorylation. ...
Q1 Describe the physiological consequences that
... Glucose is taken up by GLUT-‐2 transporters on the surface of the pancreatic beta cells. Glucose is metabolized and phosphorylated by glucokinase, increasing the ATP in the cytoplasm and causing ATP-‐ se ...
... Glucose is taken up by GLUT-‐2 transporters on the surface of the pancreatic beta cells. Glucose is metabolized and phosphorylated by glucokinase, increasing the ATP in the cytoplasm and causing ATP-‐ se ...
Question 2: Multiple-Choice Standard: Chemistry of Life
... Which of the following best describes the molecular structure of ovalbumin? A. a group of six carbon atoms joined in a ring B. a chain of amino acids folded and twisted into a molecule C. a set of three fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol D. a sequence of nitrogenous bases attached to a s ...
... Which of the following best describes the molecular structure of ovalbumin? A. a group of six carbon atoms joined in a ring B. a chain of amino acids folded and twisted into a molecule C. a set of three fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol D. a sequence of nitrogenous bases attached to a s ...
The Origin and Early History of Life AP Biology
... second major group of prokaryotes – strong cell walls – simpler gene structure – contains most modern prokaryotes includes photosynthetic bacteria cyanobacteria ...
... second major group of prokaryotes – strong cell walls – simpler gene structure – contains most modern prokaryotes includes photosynthetic bacteria cyanobacteria ...
Homeostasis in Organisms Study Guide Name: 1. Anything living
... ___________________. The immune system releases ____________________ when a person has allergies. Sometimes the body can attack its own cells because it does not recognize them as “self”. If the body attacks the cells in the ________________ then there will be issues releasing ______________, the ho ...
... ___________________. The immune system releases ____________________ when a person has allergies. Sometimes the body can attack its own cells because it does not recognize them as “self”. If the body attacks the cells in the ________________ then there will be issues releasing ______________, the ho ...
Biology 211 Anatomy & Physiology I
... They can be found in most type of cells, but are primarily found in adipocytes, in which they form large fat droplets in ...
... They can be found in most type of cells, but are primarily found in adipocytes, in which they form large fat droplets in ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.