(3.1.1.5a) Nucleic Acids
... of proteins. Proteins have to have a special shape in order to do their job. For example, proteins that serve as enzymes have to have their active site, the groove that the substrate fits in. That shape is determined by the order of the amino acids and the way their side chains cause them to coil up ...
... of proteins. Proteins have to have a special shape in order to do their job. For example, proteins that serve as enzymes have to have their active site, the groove that the substrate fits in. That shape is determined by the order of the amino acids and the way their side chains cause them to coil up ...
Fatty Acid oxidation
... Slightly more complicated Requires additional enzymes Oxidation of unsaturated FAs produce less energy than that of saturated FAs (because they are less highly reduced, therefore, fewer reducing equivalents can be produced from these structures) ...
... Slightly more complicated Requires additional enzymes Oxidation of unsaturated FAs produce less energy than that of saturated FAs (because they are less highly reduced, therefore, fewer reducing equivalents can be produced from these structures) ...
File
... Part B: Models of Proteins Proteins control the rate of reactions in cells. They are also the building blocks for many cellular structures. Proteins consist of long chains of amino acids folded into complex shapes. All amino acids have an amino group (-NH2) and a carboxyl group (-COOH). What disting ...
... Part B: Models of Proteins Proteins control the rate of reactions in cells. They are also the building blocks for many cellular structures. Proteins consist of long chains of amino acids folded into complex shapes. All amino acids have an amino group (-NH2) and a carboxyl group (-COOH). What disting ...
Hans A. Krebs - Nobel Lecture
... number of steps where energy is utilized is astonishingly small - only seven. The common pathway of oxidation is one of the devices reducing the number of steps where special chemical tools for the transformation of energy are required. ...
... number of steps where energy is utilized is astonishingly small - only seven. The common pathway of oxidation is one of the devices reducing the number of steps where special chemical tools for the transformation of energy are required. ...
Complex Lipids
... Complex lipids are important because they constitute the main components of membranes. ...
... Complex lipids are important because they constitute the main components of membranes. ...
Chapter 8 – Carbon Chemistry
... called macromolecules. Foods provide these organic compounds which cells of living things use, change, and store These 4 classes are nutrients-substances that provide the energy and raw materials the body needs to grow, repair worn parts, and function properly. ...
... called macromolecules. Foods provide these organic compounds which cells of living things use, change, and store These 4 classes are nutrients-substances that provide the energy and raw materials the body needs to grow, repair worn parts, and function properly. ...
Yeast Impact on Wine Composition: Overview
... Increased solubility of aroma compound (less volatile) Creates “ethanol pockets” areas of enhanced solubility Affects physical interactions with other wine components Decreases perception? Converted to aldehydes during aging ...
... Increased solubility of aroma compound (less volatile) Creates “ethanol pockets” areas of enhanced solubility Affects physical interactions with other wine components Decreases perception? Converted to aldehydes during aging ...
REVIEW CHAPTER 4 and 5
... Starch is made up of glucose rings in the α (alpha) form joined by 1,4 linkages; helical; can be branched; humans can digest this Cellulose is made up of glucose rings in the ß (beta) form so every other glucose is upside down the respect to its neighbors; joined with 1,4 linkages; straight-never ...
... Starch is made up of glucose rings in the α (alpha) form joined by 1,4 linkages; helical; can be branched; humans can digest this Cellulose is made up of glucose rings in the ß (beta) form so every other glucose is upside down the respect to its neighbors; joined with 1,4 linkages; straight-never ...
AP Bio Fall Final Study Guide
... Process that uses energy to move solutes across the membrane, an important process that allows substances from outside of the cell enter the cell. Active transportation involves proteins in the membrane to move the substance over. Eg. Proton pump that uses ATP to move H+ ions out of the cell to atta ...
... Process that uses energy to move solutes across the membrane, an important process that allows substances from outside of the cell enter the cell. Active transportation involves proteins in the membrane to move the substance over. Eg. Proton pump that uses ATP to move H+ ions out of the cell to atta ...
Test 2 - Lone Star College
... A) Elevated body temperatures cause molecules to vibrate more quickly and prevent enzymes from easily attaching to reactants. This would slow vital body reactions. B) Elevated body temperature will increase reaction rates in the child's cells and overload the limited number of enzymes found in the c ...
... A) Elevated body temperatures cause molecules to vibrate more quickly and prevent enzymes from easily attaching to reactants. This would slow vital body reactions. B) Elevated body temperature will increase reaction rates in the child's cells and overload the limited number of enzymes found in the c ...
Review PPT
... brought to a veterinarian for help and is sent to the animal hospital for some tests. There they discover his mitochondria can use only fatty acids and amino acids for respiration, and his cells produce more lactate than normal. Of the following, which is the best explanation of his condition? A. Hi ...
... brought to a veterinarian for help and is sent to the animal hospital for some tests. There they discover his mitochondria can use only fatty acids and amino acids for respiration, and his cells produce more lactate than normal. Of the following, which is the best explanation of his condition? A. Hi ...
Document
... Fatty acid synthesis occurs in the cytosol of many organisms but in the chloroplasts of plant • In most higher eukaryotes, fatty acid synthase complex is found in cytosol. • Usually, NADPH carries electrons for anabolic reactions, and NAD+ in catabolic reactions. • In plants, NADPH is produced in t ...
... Fatty acid synthesis occurs in the cytosol of many organisms but in the chloroplasts of plant • In most higher eukaryotes, fatty acid synthase complex is found in cytosol. • Usually, NADPH carries electrons for anabolic reactions, and NAD+ in catabolic reactions. • In plants, NADPH is produced in t ...
SBI 4UI Test – Metabolic Processes: Cell Respiration
... F3. Aerobic cellular respiration harvests energy from organic compounds without O2. F4. The total chemical potential energy in the reactants of photosynthesis is less than the total chemical potential energy in the products of photosynthesis. T5. An overall goal of cellular respiration is to move hy ...
... F3. Aerobic cellular respiration harvests energy from organic compounds without O2. F4. The total chemical potential energy in the reactants of photosynthesis is less than the total chemical potential energy in the products of photosynthesis. T5. An overall goal of cellular respiration is to move hy ...
Fossil Record - AaronFreeman
... Organisms are thought to have different ancestors, but have developed similarities (converged) over time due to environmental pressures ...
... Organisms are thought to have different ancestors, but have developed similarities (converged) over time due to environmental pressures ...
Protein Synthesis
... Importance of Proteins & DNA D. Proteins perform the following important functions: – Enzymes, which speed up chemical reaction sin the body. – Keratin, which makes up our hair and nails. – Collagen, which makes up our skin. – Hemoglobin, which transports O2 in our body E. There are 20 different am ...
... Importance of Proteins & DNA D. Proteins perform the following important functions: – Enzymes, which speed up chemical reaction sin the body. – Keratin, which makes up our hair and nails. – Collagen, which makes up our skin. – Hemoglobin, which transports O2 in our body E. There are 20 different am ...
Carbohydrates and Lipids
... Addition of hydrogen atoms to the acid, causing double bonds to become single ones. ...
... Addition of hydrogen atoms to the acid, causing double bonds to become single ones. ...
Mapping the Body.indd
... 86) What is the Krebs “pre-step”? (It was right after the stop sign in the Cellular Respiration Game.) a) It provides acetyl CoAs for the Krebs Cycle. b) The pyruvate has a carbon chopped off then a CoA put onto it. c) It is a step where a molecule of carbon dioxide is made as a by-product. d) All o ...
... 86) What is the Krebs “pre-step”? (It was right after the stop sign in the Cellular Respiration Game.) a) It provides acetyl CoAs for the Krebs Cycle. b) The pyruvate has a carbon chopped off then a CoA put onto it. c) It is a step where a molecule of carbon dioxide is made as a by-product. d) All o ...
How to Study for the Anatomy and Physiology Prerequisite Exam:
... Prokaryote vs Eukaryote Characteristics Chapter 2: Basic Chemistry Elements most common in living organisms Atomic Structure Bonding: Octet Rule, Ionic, Covalent (polar and non-polar), Hydrogen Characteristics of water: Solvent properties, Cohesion/Adhesion, Heat Capacity, Thermal Inertia ...
... Prokaryote vs Eukaryote Characteristics Chapter 2: Basic Chemistry Elements most common in living organisms Atomic Structure Bonding: Octet Rule, Ionic, Covalent (polar and non-polar), Hydrogen Characteristics of water: Solvent properties, Cohesion/Adhesion, Heat Capacity, Thermal Inertia ...
Lecture #10 – 9/26 – Dr. Hirsh
... Therefore the proper equation for photosynthesis must be: 6CO2 + 12 H2O + light energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O Two pathways of photosynthesis Light reaction – driven by light, yield ATP and reduced electron carrier [NADPH]; splits water into H+ and O2. Calvin-Benson cycle: “Dark” reactions (don’t re ...
... Therefore the proper equation for photosynthesis must be: 6CO2 + 12 H2O + light energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O Two pathways of photosynthesis Light reaction – driven by light, yield ATP and reduced electron carrier [NADPH]; splits water into H+ and O2. Calvin-Benson cycle: “Dark” reactions (don’t re ...
AP Biology Cellular Respiration Notes 9.1
... production of ATP by chemiosmosis. 1. Electrons are made available in the Citric Acid cycle. 2. The first protein in the ETC is reduced when it accepts e-‘s 3. The proteins of the ETC are arranged by increasing electronegativity 4. The proteins pull the e- back and forth across the membrane “exergon ...
... production of ATP by chemiosmosis. 1. Electrons are made available in the Citric Acid cycle. 2. The first protein in the ETC is reduced when it accepts e-‘s 3. The proteins of the ETC are arranged by increasing electronegativity 4. The proteins pull the e- back and forth across the membrane “exergon ...
Physiology
... complicated human being has its own functional characteristics. Therefore, the vast field of physiology can be divided into viral physiology, plant physiology, human physiology and many more subdivisions In human physiology we attempt to explain the specific characteristics and mechanisms of the hum ...
... complicated human being has its own functional characteristics. Therefore, the vast field of physiology can be divided into viral physiology, plant physiology, human physiology and many more subdivisions In human physiology we attempt to explain the specific characteristics and mechanisms of the hum ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.