Classification of Enzymes - Lectures For UG-5
... “a” is the class, “b” is the subclass, “c” is the subsubclass, and “d” is the sub-sub-subclass. The “b” and “c” digits describe the reaction, while the “d” digit is used to distinguish between different enzymes of the same function based on the actual substrate in the reaction. • Example: for Alcoho ...
... “a” is the class, “b” is the subclass, “c” is the subsubclass, and “d” is the sub-sub-subclass. The “b” and “c” digits describe the reaction, while the “d” digit is used to distinguish between different enzymes of the same function based on the actual substrate in the reaction. • Example: for Alcoho ...
STAAR REVIEW - TEKS BASED
... - homeostasis – ability of an organism to keep conditions constant even when the environment changes - energy conversions – photosynthesis & cellular respiration; enzymes; metabolism - transport of molecules – passive transport (diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis); active transport (sodium-po ...
... - homeostasis – ability of an organism to keep conditions constant even when the environment changes - energy conversions – photosynthesis & cellular respiration; enzymes; metabolism - transport of molecules – passive transport (diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis); active transport (sodium-po ...
Chap 4 Study Guide
... 56. ____________, while the water-soluble vitamins work primarily as 57. ____________. Under optimal conditions of 58. ____________and 59. ____________, enzymes can speed up the metabolism of your cheeseburger fuels, releasing 60. ____________from chemical bonds. Therefore, these reactions are 61. _ ...
... 56. ____________, while the water-soluble vitamins work primarily as 57. ____________. Under optimal conditions of 58. ____________and 59. ____________, enzymes can speed up the metabolism of your cheeseburger fuels, releasing 60. ____________from chemical bonds. Therefore, these reactions are 61. _ ...
Unit 3: Cellular Energetics
... _____ 10. Which of the following statements correctly describe(s) some aspect of energy in living organisms? A. Living organisms can use energy to do work. B. Organisms expend energy in order to decrease their entropy. C. Living organisms can convert energy among several different forms. D. A, B, an ...
... _____ 10. Which of the following statements correctly describe(s) some aspect of energy in living organisms? A. Living organisms can use energy to do work. B. Organisms expend energy in order to decrease their entropy. C. Living organisms can convert energy among several different forms. D. A, B, an ...
Name: Date: Per: ______ EXAM STUDY GUIDE
... 12. What is the difference between fermentation and cellular respiration. ...
... 12. What is the difference between fermentation and cellular respiration. ...
BIOL 202
... Energy can neither be created or destroyed Ð Ð amount is constant in a system Ð Ð E.g. plants: solar energy chemical energy ...
... Energy can neither be created or destroyed Ð Ð amount is constant in a system Ð Ð E.g. plants: solar energy chemical energy ...
February 5 AP Biology - John D. O`Bryant School of Math & Science
... The presence of only Photosystem I, not Photosystem II, in the bundle sheath cells of C4 plants has an effect on O2 concentration. What is that effect, and how might that benefit the plant? Without PS II, no O2 is generated in the bundle-sheath cells! This avoids the problem of O2 competing wi ...
... The presence of only Photosystem I, not Photosystem II, in the bundle sheath cells of C4 plants has an effect on O2 concentration. What is that effect, and how might that benefit the plant? Without PS II, no O2 is generated in the bundle-sheath cells! This avoids the problem of O2 competing wi ...
Worksheet – Proteins Proteins are polymers of amino acids, joined
... interact via LDF. These are also called hydrophobic interactions, since these groups can not interact with water. For this reason, they are usually buried in the interior of proteins, away from water. They can be disrupted by the addition of detergent. The polar side chains interact via H bonding si ...
... interact via LDF. These are also called hydrophobic interactions, since these groups can not interact with water. For this reason, they are usually buried in the interior of proteins, away from water. They can be disrupted by the addition of detergent. The polar side chains interact via H bonding si ...
Macromolecule PP
... • Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds • A polypeptide is a polymer of amino acids • Polypeptides range in length from a few to more than a thousand amino acid monomers • Each polypeptide has a unique linear sequence of amino acids, with a carboxyl end (C-terminus) and an amino end (N-terminus) ...
... • Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds • A polypeptide is a polymer of amino acids • Polypeptides range in length from a few to more than a thousand amino acid monomers • Each polypeptide has a unique linear sequence of amino acids, with a carboxyl end (C-terminus) and an amino end (N-terminus) ...
2 ATP - The Driggers Dirt
... small amounts of alcohol are formed, most of which will be evaporated during the bread baking process. Therefore, you won’t get drunk by eating bread! ...
... small amounts of alcohol are formed, most of which will be evaporated during the bread baking process. Therefore, you won’t get drunk by eating bread! ...
Autotrophy A
... Photoautotrophs A large number of microorganisms, as well as the green plants, algae and protists, are phototrophic. They use light as energy source in the process called photosynthesis. The result of this mechanism is the generation of a proton motive force that can be used in the synthesis of ATP ...
... Photoautotrophs A large number of microorganisms, as well as the green plants, algae and protists, are phototrophic. They use light as energy source in the process called photosynthesis. The result of this mechanism is the generation of a proton motive force that can be used in the synthesis of ATP ...
Unit Two “Energy Acquisition”
... Energy is obtained from Glucose for use in building ATP via the removal of electrons from the Glucose molecule “Cellular Respiration” is defined as the oxidation (loss of electrons) of food to obtain energy Cellular Respiration is quite different from “Respiration” (breathing), however, the two are ...
... Energy is obtained from Glucose for use in building ATP via the removal of electrons from the Glucose molecule “Cellular Respiration” is defined as the oxidation (loss of electrons) of food to obtain energy Cellular Respiration is quite different from “Respiration” (breathing), however, the two are ...
peak glossary of terms
... and the body's cells. Carbohydrate drink A sports beverage designed to replenish the glycogen (energy) stores and provide energy substrates to exercising muscles. Carbon dioxide (CO2) A metabolic waste product from the breakdown of carbon based molecules. Carcinogen A substance that is either proven ...
... and the body's cells. Carbohydrate drink A sports beverage designed to replenish the glycogen (energy) stores and provide energy substrates to exercising muscles. Carbon dioxide (CO2) A metabolic waste product from the breakdown of carbon based molecules. Carcinogen A substance that is either proven ...
see lecture notes
... 6RuBP + glucose + 18 Pi + 18ADP + 12 NADP+ + H2O (liberated) The PGAL can be combined to form the following products: glucose, cellulose, maltose, starch, fatty acids,amino acids, and other molecules. RuBP is also reformed through a series of complicated reactions. This is not an efficient process. ...
... 6RuBP + glucose + 18 Pi + 18ADP + 12 NADP+ + H2O (liberated) The PGAL can be combined to form the following products: glucose, cellulose, maltose, starch, fatty acids,amino acids, and other molecules. RuBP is also reformed through a series of complicated reactions. This is not an efficient process. ...
Chapter 8 Enzymes: basic concepts and kinetics
... Extraction of free energy in the form of ATP from fuel molecules • In catabolism, some ATP is generated (substrate level phosphorylation), but most of the free energy is temporary stored in the reducing equivalents extracted from fuel molecules. • The reducing equivalents are transferred to NAD+ an ...
... Extraction of free energy in the form of ATP from fuel molecules • In catabolism, some ATP is generated (substrate level phosphorylation), but most of the free energy is temporary stored in the reducing equivalents extracted from fuel molecules. • The reducing equivalents are transferred to NAD+ an ...
Science of running
... • How can you help the body during the supercompensation phase? • What factors will limit the amount of stress that can be presented to the body and how can you increase these limits? • ***Listen to your body…this cannot be overstated*** ...
... • How can you help the body during the supercompensation phase? • What factors will limit the amount of stress that can be presented to the body and how can you increase these limits? • ***Listen to your body…this cannot be overstated*** ...
VIZSGAKÉRDÉSEK A FELKÉSZÜLÉSHEZ*
... energy and stability of chemical bonds, the structural basis of the high energy level (insatbility) in high energy bonds). A2. The nucleotides (the building blocks of nucelic acids and other, rare or modified nucleotides, nucleotides with coenzyme function: structures and nomenclature), the concept ...
... energy and stability of chemical bonds, the structural basis of the high energy level (insatbility) in high energy bonds). A2. The nucleotides (the building blocks of nucelic acids and other, rare or modified nucleotides, nucleotides with coenzyme function: structures and nomenclature), the concept ...
Semester 1 AP Biology Exam Review Guide Directions: Use this as
... 7. Tertiary (globular) Give the three types of bonds that help form the tertiary structure and explain the hydrophobic effect. 8. Quaternary structure vii. Nucleic Acids 1. Draw a nucleotide (the monomer of nucleic acids). 2. Give the five types of nitrogen bases and identify them as purines or pyri ...
... 7. Tertiary (globular) Give the three types of bonds that help form the tertiary structure and explain the hydrophobic effect. 8. Quaternary structure vii. Nucleic Acids 1. Draw a nucleotide (the monomer of nucleic acids). 2. Give the five types of nitrogen bases and identify them as purines or pyri ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.