Cellular Energy
... Steps of photosynthesis 1. Light reaction (Light-dependent reaction) First step of photosynthesis that traps sunlight and makes electrons and ATP to run the dark reaction split and oxygen is released Water is _____ as a by product ...
... Steps of photosynthesis 1. Light reaction (Light-dependent reaction) First step of photosynthesis that traps sunlight and makes electrons and ATP to run the dark reaction split and oxygen is released Water is _____ as a by product ...
Answers
... Redox reaction: The movement of electrons from one molecule to another…short for “oxidation-reduction”. ...
... Redox reaction: The movement of electrons from one molecule to another…short for “oxidation-reduction”. ...
A2 Aerobic respiration Link reaction Glucose cannot cross the
... called cristae create a larger surface area for attachment of these electron carriers. As electrons are passed down the electron transport chain between carriers, energy is released and used to pump hydrogen ions (H+/protons) into the intermembrane space. These protons then move down an electrochemi ...
... called cristae create a larger surface area for attachment of these electron carriers. As electrons are passed down the electron transport chain between carriers, energy is released and used to pump hydrogen ions (H+/protons) into the intermembrane space. These protons then move down an electrochemi ...
Cycles in Matter
... The bacteria convert nitrogen gas into ammonia, in a process known as nitrogen fixation. Other soil bacteria convert fixed nitrogen into nitrates and nitrites that primary producers can use to make proteins and nucleic acids. Consumers eat the producers and reuse nitrogen to make their own nitrogen- ...
... The bacteria convert nitrogen gas into ammonia, in a process known as nitrogen fixation. Other soil bacteria convert fixed nitrogen into nitrates and nitrites that primary producers can use to make proteins and nucleic acids. Consumers eat the producers and reuse nitrogen to make their own nitrogen- ...
Aminosav metabolizmus IV. Aminosavak bioszintézise
... Porphyrias: group of genetic diseases caused by the accumulation in body fluids, and liver of some porphyrin precursors (because of the defect of certain enzyme in the biosynthesis of porphyrin). ...
... Porphyrias: group of genetic diseases caused by the accumulation in body fluids, and liver of some porphyrin precursors (because of the defect of certain enzyme in the biosynthesis of porphyrin). ...
Cell Respiration DiagramSkit WS NEW
... For the following, fill in the blanks. Most of the terms are from the above bank, and a few are not. 1. The purpose of cell respiration is to __________________________________________, which takes place in the _____________________________ of the cell. There are _____ major steps. 2. The first step ...
... For the following, fill in the blanks. Most of the terms are from the above bank, and a few are not. 1. The purpose of cell respiration is to __________________________________________, which takes place in the _____________________________ of the cell. There are _____ major steps. 2. The first step ...
First Test
... __________12. In the laboratory, when the cylinder of potato placed in deionized water for two hours stopped gaining mass, which of the following were equal in value when comparing the cellular fluids of the potato cylinder to the deionized water? a. osmotic potentials c. water potentials b. pressur ...
... __________12. In the laboratory, when the cylinder of potato placed in deionized water for two hours stopped gaining mass, which of the following were equal in value when comparing the cellular fluids of the potato cylinder to the deionized water? a. osmotic potentials c. water potentials b. pressur ...
Document
... 8.1.3 Mitochondria: Location of aerobic respiration Pyruvate, the product of glycolysis can be further oxidized to release more energy. This process takes place in the eukaryotic organelle the mitochondria. Cells that need a lot of energy have many mitochondria (liver cell) or can develop them under ...
... 8.1.3 Mitochondria: Location of aerobic respiration Pyruvate, the product of glycolysis can be further oxidized to release more energy. This process takes place in the eukaryotic organelle the mitochondria. Cells that need a lot of energy have many mitochondria (liver cell) or can develop them under ...
ADP: adenine diphosphate. The low-energy form of ATP. Contains
... backbones of the chains consist of alternating sugar (deoxyribose, to which the bases are bonded) and phosphate. Electron carrier: a substance which can be reduced (gain electrons) in one part of the cell and carry those electrons to another part where it donates those electrons to another molecule ...
... backbones of the chains consist of alternating sugar (deoxyribose, to which the bases are bonded) and phosphate. Electron carrier: a substance which can be reduced (gain electrons) in one part of the cell and carry those electrons to another part where it donates those electrons to another molecule ...
prepex3
... acids build on reactions you already leaned in the Krebs cycle, glycolysis, and to a lesser extent, beta oxidation. Use these. Once you spot an intermediate that you recognize, e.g., DHAP, pyruvate, -ketoglutarate, acetoacetate, you know the rest of the way home. Consider these suggestions for putt ...
... acids build on reactions you already leaned in the Krebs cycle, glycolysis, and to a lesser extent, beta oxidation. Use these. Once you spot an intermediate that you recognize, e.g., DHAP, pyruvate, -ketoglutarate, acetoacetate, you know the rest of the way home. Consider these suggestions for putt ...
Cell Physiology
... Membrane Reactions • Membrane reactions have two purposes: – to further oxidize NADH and FADH2 and transfer their energy to ATP – to regenerate NAD+ and FAD and make them available again to earlier reaction steps ...
... Membrane Reactions • Membrane reactions have two purposes: – to further oxidize NADH and FADH2 and transfer their energy to ATP – to regenerate NAD+ and FAD and make them available again to earlier reaction steps ...
THE LIVING CELL
... The process of cellular respiration continues in two different ways: 1. Aerobic (in the presence of oxygen) In cells where oxygen is available, mainly in mitochondria, pyruvic acids enter a complex series of chemical reactions called Krebs cycle or Citric acid cycle. In the course of this cycle the ...
... The process of cellular respiration continues in two different ways: 1. Aerobic (in the presence of oxygen) In cells where oxygen is available, mainly in mitochondria, pyruvic acids enter a complex series of chemical reactions called Krebs cycle or Citric acid cycle. In the course of this cycle the ...
Name: Date: Block:___ Background: Proteins are the molecules that
... Collagen is a structural protein made up of 3 polypeptide chains that coil around each other to produce a rope-like structure that is very strong and reinforces tendons, ligaments, bones and other body structures. Look at your group’s model. Look at the models of other groups in the class. You all ...
... Collagen is a structural protein made up of 3 polypeptide chains that coil around each other to produce a rope-like structure that is very strong and reinforces tendons, ligaments, bones and other body structures. Look at your group’s model. Look at the models of other groups in the class. You all ...
Gokul Das, Ph.D. - Roswell Park Cancer Institute
... nutrients and endogenous molecules to energy and matter (proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids) that sustain life A sequence of chemical reactions, where the product of one reaction serves as a substrate for the next, is called a metabolic pathway or biochemical pathway The set of reactions occurr ...
... nutrients and endogenous molecules to energy and matter (proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids) that sustain life A sequence of chemical reactions, where the product of one reaction serves as a substrate for the next, is called a metabolic pathway or biochemical pathway The set of reactions occurr ...
מצגת של PowerPoint
... http://courses.md.huji.ac.il/81817 https://eduportal.ekmd.huji.ac.il/courses/81817 ...
... http://courses.md.huji.ac.il/81817 https://eduportal.ekmd.huji.ac.il/courses/81817 ...
Biosynthesis of Plant-derived flavor compounds
... exocarp, while others come from the grape's flesh, or mesocarp. Organic acids give wine its tartness, and sugars give it sweetness. Terpenes provide floral or fruity flavors. Norisoprenoids impart a honeylike character. Thiols are the sulfur-based compounds behind complex wine aromas such as guava, ...
... exocarp, while others come from the grape's flesh, or mesocarp. Organic acids give wine its tartness, and sugars give it sweetness. Terpenes provide floral or fruity flavors. Norisoprenoids impart a honeylike character. Thiols are the sulfur-based compounds behind complex wine aromas such as guava, ...
Name Biology Chemistry of Life What can reduce the effect of a
... proteins / nucleic acids / reducing/fixing CO2 in photosynthesis; e.g. O/oxygen in aerobic respiration; e.g. N/nitrogen in formation of amino acids / proteins / nucleotides / ATP / nucleic acids / DNA / RNA; e.g. P/phosphorus in formation of nucleotides / ATP / nucleic acids / DNA / RNA; ...
... proteins / nucleic acids / reducing/fixing CO2 in photosynthesis; e.g. O/oxygen in aerobic respiration; e.g. N/nitrogen in formation of amino acids / proteins / nucleotides / ATP / nucleic acids / DNA / RNA; e.g. P/phosphorus in formation of nucleotides / ATP / nucleic acids / DNA / RNA; ...
Energy Yields from Aerobic Respiration: Some Alternatives
... In stage III, the two-carbon acetyl group is completely oxidized in the reactions of the citric acid cycle. When glycolysis occurs under anaerobic conditions, it is followed by fermentation reactions, such as the lactate and alcohol fermentations. These reactions reduce pyruvate—or a molecule produc ...
... In stage III, the two-carbon acetyl group is completely oxidized in the reactions of the citric acid cycle. When glycolysis occurs under anaerobic conditions, it is followed by fermentation reactions, such as the lactate and alcohol fermentations. These reactions reduce pyruvate—or a molecule produc ...
World of Chemistry 2007
... Chapter 16 Acids and Bases A. Properties of Acids and Bases a. Acids and bases b. Acid strength c. Water as an acid and a base B. Determining the Acidity of a solution a. The pH scale b. Measuring pH c. Calculating the pH of strong acid solutions C. Titrations and buffers a. Acid—base titrations b. ...
... Chapter 16 Acids and Bases A. Properties of Acids and Bases a. Acids and bases b. Acid strength c. Water as an acid and a base B. Determining the Acidity of a solution a. The pH scale b. Measuring pH c. Calculating the pH of strong acid solutions C. Titrations and buffers a. Acid—base titrations b. ...
(CH2) 2 - CHM152-SP10
... component of the name indicates whether there is a ketone group or an aldehyde group attached to it. If there is a ketone group attached then the name will begin with the prefix “keto” and if there is an aldehyde group attached to it then the name will begin with the prefix “aldo.” The second compon ...
... component of the name indicates whether there is a ketone group or an aldehyde group attached to it. If there is a ketone group attached then the name will begin with the prefix “keto” and if there is an aldehyde group attached to it then the name will begin with the prefix “aldo.” The second compon ...
Cellular Respiration – Chapter 7 – Lesson 2 – Aerobic Cellular
... Recall that by the end of Stage 1, glycolysis, the cell had formed 2 ATPs, 2NADHs and 2 pyruvate molecules—all in the cytoplasm Stage 2 begins when the two pyruvate molecules formed in glycolysis are transported through the two mitochondrial membranes into the matrix ...
... Recall that by the end of Stage 1, glycolysis, the cell had formed 2 ATPs, 2NADHs and 2 pyruvate molecules—all in the cytoplasm Stage 2 begins when the two pyruvate molecules formed in glycolysis are transported through the two mitochondrial membranes into the matrix ...
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
... The reverse of a dehydration synthesis reaction is called a hydrolysis, where water is used to break the bond between monomers ...
... The reverse of a dehydration synthesis reaction is called a hydrolysis, where water is used to break the bond between monomers ...
Lesson on Proteins
... information from transcription of ribonucleic acid (RNA) in the nucleus to translation of proteins on ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Genetics 4. Students know the general pathway by which ribosomes synthesize proteins, using tRNAs to translate genetic information in mRNA. 5. Students know proteins can ...
... information from transcription of ribonucleic acid (RNA) in the nucleus to translation of proteins on ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Genetics 4. Students know the general pathway by which ribosomes synthesize proteins, using tRNAs to translate genetic information in mRNA. 5. Students know proteins can ...
Biochemistry of Cardiac Muscle and Lung
... to synthesize and transfer in the form of energy-rich phosphate bonds to sustain excitation-contraction coupling. ...
... to synthesize and transfer in the form of energy-rich phosphate bonds to sustain excitation-contraction coupling. ...
Document
... 1. Hydrogen ion “flow” down their gradient back into the inner compartment through ATP Synthase. 2. As they flow through the enzyme, it rotates (like a generator), and combines ADP + P (a phosphate group) and forms ATP! 3. The SPEED of the flow, POWERS the “recharging” of the ATP “battery”! ...
... 1. Hydrogen ion “flow” down their gradient back into the inner compartment through ATP Synthase. 2. As they flow through the enzyme, it rotates (like a generator), and combines ADP + P (a phosphate group) and forms ATP! 3. The SPEED of the flow, POWERS the “recharging” of the ATP “battery”! ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.