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BH4 deficiency
... The Folling-test The ferric chloride test (for urine): not sensitive: usually positive at plasma Phe concentrations above 900 μM (dark green coloration) not specific: a slightly altered color reaction may be indicative of other metabolic disorders/medication: ...
... The Folling-test The ferric chloride test (for urine): not sensitive: usually positive at plasma Phe concentrations above 900 μM (dark green coloration) not specific: a slightly altered color reaction may be indicative of other metabolic disorders/medication: ...
tRNA
... amino acids, each residue can be specified by more than one codon (except for Met and Trp)—ie the genetic code is degenerate! - Of the 64 codons, only 61 encode amino acids—the other three serve as “nonsense” or “stop” codons in that they do not specify an amino acid but rather signal the end of the ...
... amino acids, each residue can be specified by more than one codon (except for Met and Trp)—ie the genetic code is degenerate! - Of the 64 codons, only 61 encode amino acids—the other three serve as “nonsense” or “stop” codons in that they do not specify an amino acid but rather signal the end of the ...
Hohenheim Biogas Yield Test
... the organic matter contained in the substrate will be only partially degraded. Therefore, a correction factor, which takes into account the digestibility in the biogas digester, is needed. Since the bio-conversion of fats and proteins in rumen differs very much to that ...
... the organic matter contained in the substrate will be only partially degraded. Therefore, a correction factor, which takes into account the digestibility in the biogas digester, is needed. Since the bio-conversion of fats and proteins in rumen differs very much to that ...
Fructose: Metabolic, Hedonic, and Societal
... Figure 3. Hepatic fructose metabolism. Of an ingested sucrose load, 20% of the glucose and 100% of the fructose is metabolized by the liver. Fructose induces substrate-dependent phosphate depletion, which increases uric acid and contributes to hypertension through inhibition of endothelial nitric o ...
... Figure 3. Hepatic fructose metabolism. Of an ingested sucrose load, 20% of the glucose and 100% of the fructose is metabolized by the liver. Fructose induces substrate-dependent phosphate depletion, which increases uric acid and contributes to hypertension through inhibition of endothelial nitric o ...
Activation and Stabilization of Penicillin V Acylase from
... reaction mixture (Tan and Lovrien, 1972; Batra and Gupta, 1994). However, aqueous-organic monophasic systems have not become very popular because many water-miscible organic solvents can act as denaturing agents for proteins at moderate concentrations (Mozhaev et al., 1989). Despite this, there are ...
... reaction mixture (Tan and Lovrien, 1972; Batra and Gupta, 1994). However, aqueous-organic monophasic systems have not become very popular because many water-miscible organic solvents can act as denaturing agents for proteins at moderate concentrations (Mozhaev et al., 1989). Despite this, there are ...
Enzyme
... Stored at high concentration, as lyophilized powders, or in a concentrated (NH4)2SO4 solution Some proteases may go through autolysis during storage. Some enzymes are easier to subject to denaturation at low concentrations. Stored at low temperatures Be careful: freeze-thaw cycles would inac ...
... Stored at high concentration, as lyophilized powders, or in a concentrated (NH4)2SO4 solution Some proteases may go through autolysis during storage. Some enzymes are easier to subject to denaturation at low concentrations. Stored at low temperatures Be careful: freeze-thaw cycles would inac ...
Dateien anzeigen - Universität Düsseldorf
... characteristics that are favorable for biotechnological applications in oxidative whole-cell biotransformations. The key feature is the rapid and incomplete regio- and stereoselective oxidation of sugars, sugar alcohols, and other carbon sources in the periplasm by a versatile set of membrane-bound ...
... characteristics that are favorable for biotechnological applications in oxidative whole-cell biotransformations. The key feature is the rapid and incomplete regio- and stereoselective oxidation of sugars, sugar alcohols, and other carbon sources in the periplasm by a versatile set of membrane-bound ...
Screening of Lactic Acid Bacteria Capable to Breakdown Citric Acid
... triggering effect of microbial activity [4-6]. The competition due to the complex and numerous microorganisms involved in cocoa fermentation lead to a succession of microbial growth depending on environment conditions changes during the process. It is clearly established that fermentation beginning ...
... triggering effect of microbial activity [4-6]. The competition due to the complex and numerous microorganisms involved in cocoa fermentation lead to a succession of microbial growth depending on environment conditions changes during the process. It is clearly established that fermentation beginning ...
PSLDoc: Protein subcellular localization prediction based on
... probability distribution based on those generated in the previous stage and determines the final prediction as the site of the highest probability. The authors of CELLO II also classify a query protein, whose localization site is to be predicted, into low- or high-homology data sets depending on its ...
... probability distribution based on those generated in the previous stage and determines the final prediction as the site of the highest probability. The authors of CELLO II also classify a query protein, whose localization site is to be predicted, into low- or high-homology data sets depending on its ...
Steady sucrose degradation is a prerequisite for
... which indicates an increased carbohydrate turnover in the respiratory metabolism (Kogawara et al. 2006). Therefore, the high tolerance of M. cajuputi to root hypoxia may depend on an enhanced glycolytic flux into fermentation. In plant roots, glycolysis substrates, namely glucose (Glc), fructose and ...
... which indicates an increased carbohydrate turnover in the respiratory metabolism (Kogawara et al. 2006). Therefore, the high tolerance of M. cajuputi to root hypoxia may depend on an enhanced glycolytic flux into fermentation. In plant roots, glycolysis substrates, namely glucose (Glc), fructose and ...
Screening of Lactic Acid Bacteria Capable to Breakdown Citric Acid
... triggering effect of microbial activity [4-6]. The competition due to the complex and numerous microorganisms involved in cocoa fermentation lead to a succession of microbial growth depending on environment conditions changes during the process. It is clearly established that fermentation beginning ...
... triggering effect of microbial activity [4-6]. The competition due to the complex and numerous microorganisms involved in cocoa fermentation lead to a succession of microbial growth depending on environment conditions changes during the process. It is clearly established that fermentation beginning ...
The Stimulatory Effect of Globular Adiponectin on Insulin
... 8 mmol/l glucose and 32 mmol/l mannitol. Thereafter, muscle specimens went through three different incubation phases: phase 1 to equilibrate the muscle, phase 2 to wash glucose from the interstitial space, and phase 3 to determine glucose uptake into muscle. During phase 1, muscle strips were incuba ...
... 8 mmol/l glucose and 32 mmol/l mannitol. Thereafter, muscle specimens went through three different incubation phases: phase 1 to equilibrate the muscle, phase 2 to wash glucose from the interstitial space, and phase 3 to determine glucose uptake into muscle. During phase 1, muscle strips were incuba ...
Slide 1 / 85 Slide 2 / 85 Slide 3 / 85
... What is the net yield of ATP, NADH, FADH2, and CO2 in the citric acid cycle when due to the input of 1 molecule of glucose into aerobic cellular respiration? ...
... What is the net yield of ATP, NADH, FADH2, and CO2 in the citric acid cycle when due to the input of 1 molecule of glucose into aerobic cellular respiration? ...
Nutritional Requirements of Streptococcus salivarius
... glutamic acid (Prescott, Ragland & Hurley, 1965). These results indicate that a tricarboxylic acid pathway to a-oxoglutaric acid may be present in streptococci. The primary site of incorporation of ammonia into amino acids in Streptococcus bovis is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP ...
... glutamic acid (Prescott, Ragland & Hurley, 1965). These results indicate that a tricarboxylic acid pathway to a-oxoglutaric acid may be present in streptococci. The primary site of incorporation of ammonia into amino acids in Streptococcus bovis is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP ...
This article is dedicated to Professor AL
... conditions; (3) the concept of two main strategies of plant adaptation to anaerobic environments, namely avoidance of anaerobiosis on the whole plant level, termed `apparent' tolerance, and metabolic adaptation at the cellular and molecular levels, termed `true' tolerance; (4) the importance of prot ...
... conditions; (3) the concept of two main strategies of plant adaptation to anaerobic environments, namely avoidance of anaerobiosis on the whole plant level, termed `apparent' tolerance, and metabolic adaptation at the cellular and molecular levels, termed `true' tolerance; (4) the importance of prot ...
A novel assay method for an amino acid racemase reaction based
... when the ALR activity from D-CS-producing S. lavendulae was measured [22]. It is significant that D-CS inhibits the catalytic activity of D-amino acid oxidase, which is contained in the reaction mixture for the enzyme-coupled assay [29]. These observations made it possible to develop another method ...
... when the ALR activity from D-CS-producing S. lavendulae was measured [22]. It is significant that D-CS inhibits the catalytic activity of D-amino acid oxidase, which is contained in the reaction mixture for the enzyme-coupled assay [29]. These observations made it possible to develop another method ...
9th Grade Physical Science Course Syllabus
... Write out the intermediate reactions between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle. Write the reactions that occur in anaerobic respiration. Explain why lactate is produced in overworked muscle cells. Explain the function of acetyl COA in the transfer of energy in the Krebs cycle. State the reactants and p ...
... Write out the intermediate reactions between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle. Write the reactions that occur in anaerobic respiration. Explain why lactate is produced in overworked muscle cells. Explain the function of acetyl COA in the transfer of energy in the Krebs cycle. State the reactants and p ...
Amino Acids in Animal Nutrition
... of all organisms and as such is a prerequisite of all life. In feed for animals, proteins cannot be replaced by any other component. Protein containing compounds are found in every cell and account for the major proportion of organisms. They are essential for maintenance, growth and reproduction of ...
... of all organisms and as such is a prerequisite of all life. In feed for animals, proteins cannot be replaced by any other component. Protein containing compounds are found in every cell and account for the major proportion of organisms. They are essential for maintenance, growth and reproduction of ...
transition metal complexes of amino acid and peptide derivatives
... Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Debrecen, 2005 ...
... Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Debrecen, 2005 ...
The Presence and Function of Cytochromes in
... (Chemap AG, Mannedorf ZH, Switzerland) with a pH controller (de Vries u t al. 1973) in the media described above. Selenomonas ruminantium was also cultured with lactose replaced by glycerol (10 g/l) and galactose (0.5 g/l). S. ruminantium was cultured at pH 6.5, Anaerovibrio lipolytica and Veillonel ...
... (Chemap AG, Mannedorf ZH, Switzerland) with a pH controller (de Vries u t al. 1973) in the media described above. Selenomonas ruminantium was also cultured with lactose replaced by glycerol (10 g/l) and galactose (0.5 g/l). S. ruminantium was cultured at pH 6.5, Anaerovibrio lipolytica and Veillonel ...
emboj2009339-sup
... Equal amounts of protein lysates were subjected to immunoblotting with the indicated antibodies. (B) Similar experiment as in (A) but using HepG2 hepatoma cells. (C) Effect of two different sets of siRNA against PKA in U2-OS osteosarcoma cells. Prior to immunoblotting, U2-OS cells were glucose starv ...
... Equal amounts of protein lysates were subjected to immunoblotting with the indicated antibodies. (B) Similar experiment as in (A) but using HepG2 hepatoma cells. (C) Effect of two different sets of siRNA against PKA in U2-OS osteosarcoma cells. Prior to immunoblotting, U2-OS cells were glucose starv ...
Capillary electrophoresis tandem mass spectrometry of bromine
... (MS/MS) became [3] a widely used analytical method for characterization of proteins. The applicability of the MS/MS spectra for sequence determination depends highly on the nature of amino acids in the peptide. Recording MS/MS spectrum of the peptide that can be protonated only at the amide backbone ...
... (MS/MS) became [3] a widely used analytical method for characterization of proteins. The applicability of the MS/MS spectra for sequence determination depends highly on the nature of amino acids in the peptide. Recording MS/MS spectrum of the peptide that can be protonated only at the amide backbone ...
S11. Computational Molecular Modeling- Week 5. 3
... in these proteins, N-terminal or C-terminal? Propose an explanation as to why the E72 and R96 are separated from each other in the mutant AS2 protein and cannot form a salt bridge like they do in the normal AS2 protein. Step 10: Turn off the amino acid labels by clicking the A5 button and turn off t ...
... in these proteins, N-terminal or C-terminal? Propose an explanation as to why the E72 and R96 are separated from each other in the mutant AS2 protein and cannot form a salt bridge like they do in the normal AS2 protein. Step 10: Turn off the amino acid labels by clicking the A5 button and turn off t ...
(Chapter 13): Translation of mRNA
... So it is more accurate to say a structural gene encodes a polypeptide In eukaryotes, alternative splicing means that a structural gene can encode many different polypeptides ...
... So it is more accurate to say a structural gene encodes a polypeptide In eukaryotes, alternative splicing means that a structural gene can encode many different polypeptides ...
Biology - Kenyon College
... FIG. 1. Metabolic pathways connecting pyruvate with fermentation acids in E. coli. ...
... FIG. 1. Metabolic pathways connecting pyruvate with fermentation acids in E. coli. ...
Metabolism
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ATP-3D-vdW.png?width=300)
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.