Lecture 22 – New HW assignment – Anaerobic metabolism (continued) – Other sugars
... • This coordinates the regulation of hexokinase with other regulatory enzymes in glycolysis. • Hexokinase is not necessarily the first regulatory step ...
... • This coordinates the regulation of hexokinase with other regulatory enzymes in glycolysis. • Hexokinase is not necessarily the first regulatory step ...
Syllabus for GUTS lecture on Amino Acids
... dehydration reaction (water is removed) between the -carboxylate group on one amino acid and the -amino group on another amino acid. In cells, the amino acid chain always grows left to right as drawn in the figure below. Since this always leaves a nonbonded amino group on the left end and a nonbon ...
... dehydration reaction (water is removed) between the -carboxylate group on one amino acid and the -amino group on another amino acid. In cells, the amino acid chain always grows left to right as drawn in the figure below. Since this always leaves a nonbonded amino group on the left end and a nonbon ...
A significant similarity is the fact that both prokaryotes and
... ribosomes which are the organelles responsible for accurately translating this linear genetic code (via messenger RNA) into a linear sequence of amino acids to produce a protein. This is because all cells require the continued synthesis of new proteins for growth and repair. These ribosomes are diff ...
... ribosomes which are the organelles responsible for accurately translating this linear genetic code (via messenger RNA) into a linear sequence of amino acids to produce a protein. This is because all cells require the continued synthesis of new proteins for growth and repair. These ribosomes are diff ...
Genetic Code Review.cwk
... a. Before translation occurs, messenger RNAis transcribed from DNAin the nucleus. b. Translation occurs in the nucleus. c. It is the job of transfer RNAto bring the proper amino acid into the ribosome to be attached to the growing peptide chain. d. When the ribosome reaches a stop codon, it releases ...
... a. Before translation occurs, messenger RNAis transcribed from DNAin the nucleus. b. Translation occurs in the nucleus. c. It is the job of transfer RNAto bring the proper amino acid into the ribosome to be attached to the growing peptide chain. d. When the ribosome reaches a stop codon, it releases ...
Document
... How do enzymes catalyze reactions? How is energy harvested and stored in the cell? How do pumps and channels store energy and control the chemical composition of cellular compartments? Intracellular biochemical signaling by proteins and lipids. DNA structure and replication. Transcription and post-t ...
... How do enzymes catalyze reactions? How is energy harvested and stored in the cell? How do pumps and channels store energy and control the chemical composition of cellular compartments? Intracellular biochemical signaling by proteins and lipids. DNA structure and replication. Transcription and post-t ...
You Light Up My Life
... Chemical Energy Chapter 7 Slide with a red dot may be tested upon, those without are for information purposes only ...
... Chemical Energy Chapter 7 Slide with a red dot may be tested upon, those without are for information purposes only ...
Chemical Energy Production
... – Catabolic Rxns = break down substances to generate chemical energy ...
... – Catabolic Rxns = break down substances to generate chemical energy ...
Worked solutions to textbook questions 1 Chapter 12 Pathways to
... lactase – which breaks down the sugar lactose in the small intestine salivary amylase – which breaks down polysaccharides in the mouth. Almost all the chemical reactions occurring in living creatures are controlled by enzymes. Enzymes speed up the reactions that are essential for life processes by a ...
... lactase – which breaks down the sugar lactose in the small intestine salivary amylase – which breaks down polysaccharides in the mouth. Almost all the chemical reactions occurring in living creatures are controlled by enzymes. Enzymes speed up the reactions that are essential for life processes by a ...
Figure 2-5
... Living systems are usually held at constant temperature and pressure, so one may predict the direction of a chemical reaction by using a measure of potential energy termed free energy (G) The free-energy change (G) of a reaction is given by G = Gproducts - Greactants If G < 0, the forward reactio ...
... Living systems are usually held at constant temperature and pressure, so one may predict the direction of a chemical reaction by using a measure of potential energy termed free energy (G) The free-energy change (G) of a reaction is given by G = Gproducts - Greactants If G < 0, the forward reactio ...
Document
... A. ASP stimulates lipoprotein lipase, providing free fatty acids needed for acylation B. ASP inhibits utilization of glucose for energy, providing glycerol needed for acylation C. ASP stimulates hormone sensitive lipase, retaining free fatty acids needed for acylation D. ASP stimulates the rate limi ...
... A. ASP stimulates lipoprotein lipase, providing free fatty acids needed for acylation B. ASP inhibits utilization of glucose for energy, providing glycerol needed for acylation C. ASP stimulates hormone sensitive lipase, retaining free fatty acids needed for acylation D. ASP stimulates the rate limi ...
1 INTRODUCTION TO PROTEIN STRUCTURE AND MODELING I
... zig-zag sheet. In both cases, the secondary structure is stabilized by several hydrogen bonds; while these are much weaker than covalent bonds, several of them in one region can provide significant stability. The Alpha Helix and Beta Sheet Construction Kits allow you to model these two secondary str ...
... zig-zag sheet. In both cases, the secondary structure is stabilized by several hydrogen bonds; while these are much weaker than covalent bonds, several of them in one region can provide significant stability. The Alpha Helix and Beta Sheet Construction Kits allow you to model these two secondary str ...
File - Mr. Doyle SUIS Science
... What is fermentation? • ATP can form by carbohydrate breakdown in fermentation pathways, which are anaerobic • The end product of lactate fermentation is lactate. The end product of alcoholic fermentation is ethanol • Both pathways have a net yield of two ATP per glucose molecule; the ATP forms duri ...
... What is fermentation? • ATP can form by carbohydrate breakdown in fermentation pathways, which are anaerobic • The end product of lactate fermentation is lactate. The end product of alcoholic fermentation is ethanol • Both pathways have a net yield of two ATP per glucose molecule; the ATP forms duri ...
Microsoft PowerPoint
... 1. There are two basic types of cellular respiration a) ___________________ respiration: requires oxygen b) ___________________ respiration: no oxygen ...
... 1. There are two basic types of cellular respiration a) ___________________ respiration: requires oxygen b) ___________________ respiration: no oxygen ...
PowerPoint lecture
... • Aerobic respiration and fermentation both begin with glycolysis, which converts one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate • After glycolysis, the two pathways diverge • Fermentation is completed in the cytoplasm, yielding 2 ATP per glucose molecule • Aerobic respiration is completed i ...
... • Aerobic respiration and fermentation both begin with glycolysis, which converts one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate • After glycolysis, the two pathways diverge • Fermentation is completed in the cytoplasm, yielding 2 ATP per glucose molecule • Aerobic respiration is completed i ...
Sample Chapters - Pearson Canada
... Carbohydrate anabolism. Biosynthesis of carbohydrates includes gluconeogenesis and polysaccharide synthesis. ...
... Carbohydrate anabolism. Biosynthesis of carbohydrates includes gluconeogenesis and polysaccharide synthesis. ...
Understanding Metabolic Regulation and Its
... makes the ratio of ATP to ADP the relevant parameter in determining whether cells have sufficient energy. The ATP/ ADP ratio is itself buffered by both creatine kinase and adenylate kinases. When demand for ATP is low, the high ATP/ ADP ratio is used to produce creatine-phosphate, which can then reg ...
... makes the ratio of ATP to ADP the relevant parameter in determining whether cells have sufficient energy. The ATP/ ADP ratio is itself buffered by both creatine kinase and adenylate kinases. When demand for ATP is low, the high ATP/ ADP ratio is used to produce creatine-phosphate, which can then reg ...
Enzymes - CEA Workshop Teacher Notes.pptx
... • When a molecule cannot be superimposed on its mirror image the molecule is described as chiral. • This situaJon occurs when a carbon atom is aUached to four different groups: ...
... • When a molecule cannot be superimposed on its mirror image the molecule is described as chiral. • This situaJon occurs when a carbon atom is aUached to four different groups: ...
Cells functions
... mechanism is triggered to remove damaged cell cancer must over-ride this to enable tumor growth ...
... mechanism is triggered to remove damaged cell cancer must over-ride this to enable tumor growth ...
Chemistry 2000 Lecture 20: Organic bases
... Chemistry 2000 Lecture 20: Organic bases Marc R. Roussel ...
... Chemistry 2000 Lecture 20: Organic bases Marc R. Roussel ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.