Document
... • The liver stores glucose and glycogen • Lactic Acid is taken into the blood and carried to the liver • How did we get from glucose to lactic acid? • In the liver, the process is “reversed” using ATP from aerobic respiration ...
... • The liver stores glucose and glycogen • Lactic Acid is taken into the blood and carried to the liver • How did we get from glucose to lactic acid? • In the liver, the process is “reversed” using ATP from aerobic respiration ...
LECT 29 NitrogFix
... Oxygen is the major factor. Nitrogen fixation can take place only in the total absence of O2 How does a plant overcome oxygen interference? By synthesizing a heme protein, leghemoglobin, which like other hemoglobins, has a high affinity for binding oxygen….what is called “sequestering” the oxygen. W ...
... Oxygen is the major factor. Nitrogen fixation can take place only in the total absence of O2 How does a plant overcome oxygen interference? By synthesizing a heme protein, leghemoglobin, which like other hemoglobins, has a high affinity for binding oxygen….what is called “sequestering” the oxygen. W ...
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
... Autotrophs are organisms such as a plant that makes its own food. For example, during photosynthesis plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars. Autotrophs are also called producers. Heterotrophs are organisms that cannot make their own food, such as humans, meaning ...
... Autotrophs are organisms such as a plant that makes its own food. For example, during photosynthesis plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars. Autotrophs are also called producers. Heterotrophs are organisms that cannot make their own food, such as humans, meaning ...
Biology 1 Exam III F'04test.doc
... e. None of the above is a correct answer. 7. Which of the following will increase the rate of a chemical reaction? a. Higher temperature b. Higher reactant concentration c. A catalyst d. All of the above speeds up a chemical reaction. e. None of the above speeds up a chemical reaction. 8. Water is a ...
... e. None of the above is a correct answer. 7. Which of the following will increase the rate of a chemical reaction? a. Higher temperature b. Higher reactant concentration c. A catalyst d. All of the above speeds up a chemical reaction. e. None of the above speeds up a chemical reaction. 8. Water is a ...
answer key
... a. about 10 or 15 millivolts above its resting membrane potential -- CORRECT b. the amount of calcium that must enter the axon terminal in order to trigger release of synaptic vesicles c. the membrane potential at which voltage-gated K+ channels open d. the neurotransmitter concentration at which li ...
... a. about 10 or 15 millivolts above its resting membrane potential -- CORRECT b. the amount of calcium that must enter the axon terminal in order to trigger release of synaptic vesicles c. the membrane potential at which voltage-gated K+ channels open d. the neurotransmitter concentration at which li ...
3 .Micronutrients GIT
... enzymes of intermediary metabolism. Only vitamin K of the fat-soluble vitamins has a coenzyme function. Fat soluble vitamins are released, absorbed & transported with the fat of the diet. They are not readily excreted in urine. Significant amounts are stored in the liver & adipose tissue. ...
... enzymes of intermediary metabolism. Only vitamin K of the fat-soluble vitamins has a coenzyme function. Fat soluble vitamins are released, absorbed & transported with the fat of the diet. They are not readily excreted in urine. Significant amounts are stored in the liver & adipose tissue. ...
Chapter 3 Extra Questions
... 13. What are the FIVE major steps of the Nitrogen cycle? You must include the names of major compounds and chemical formulas involved in each step. 14. List and briefly explain three ways in which human activities are impacting the carbon cycle. 15. Identify the biotic components of each of the foll ...
... 13. What are the FIVE major steps of the Nitrogen cycle? You must include the names of major compounds and chemical formulas involved in each step. 14. List and briefly explain three ways in which human activities are impacting the carbon cycle. 15. Identify the biotic components of each of the foll ...
chapter 3 outline
... consensus target sequences in the promoter that are critical for these interactions. The strength of the promoters is to some extent a function of how close the target sequences are to the consensus. Mutations in these target sites can have UP or DOWN effects depending on whether the resulting seque ...
... consensus target sequences in the promoter that are critical for these interactions. The strength of the promoters is to some extent a function of how close the target sequences are to the consensus. Mutations in these target sites can have UP or DOWN effects depending on whether the resulting seque ...
What is an acid?
... classes of compounds that form ions in water solutions. d. Students know how to use the pH scale to characterize acid and base solutions. ...
... classes of compounds that form ions in water solutions. d. Students know how to use the pH scale to characterize acid and base solutions. ...
Biomolecules - Food
... 30. What is saprophytic nutrition? 31. Biomolecules of the general formula Cx(H2O)y are examples of … 32. Name the test or give the chemicals used to detect the presence of protein in a food sample. 33. Name a structural polysaccharide. 34. Name a group of biomolecules in the blood which are too lar ...
... 30. What is saprophytic nutrition? 31. Biomolecules of the general formula Cx(H2O)y are examples of … 32. Name the test or give the chemicals used to detect the presence of protein in a food sample. 33. Name a structural polysaccharide. 34. Name a group of biomolecules in the blood which are too lar ...
Genit 7
... The general metabolic pathway of the body: Nutrition contains protein, glycogen and lipids. Proteins end to be ammonia which enters the urea cycle to be secreted as urea. Also, proteins are degraded inti a.a that converted into organic acids. *follow the pathways of glycogen and lipid as mentioned i ...
... The general metabolic pathway of the body: Nutrition contains protein, glycogen and lipids. Proteins end to be ammonia which enters the urea cycle to be secreted as urea. Also, proteins are degraded inti a.a that converted into organic acids. *follow the pathways of glycogen and lipid as mentioned i ...
Electron Transport Chain
... • Cellular respiration includes both aerobic and anaerobic respiration but is often used to refer to aerobic respiration • Although carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are all consumed as fuel, it is helpful to trace cellular respiration with the sugar glucose: ...
... • Cellular respiration includes both aerobic and anaerobic respiration but is often used to refer to aerobic respiration • Although carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are all consumed as fuel, it is helpful to trace cellular respiration with the sugar glucose: ...
Macromolecules
... BACTERIA live in their digestive systems & help digest cellulose-rich (grass) meals ...
... BACTERIA live in their digestive systems & help digest cellulose-rich (grass) meals ...
lecture2
... The stomach contents (chyme) is introduced into the duodenum through the pyloric valve. The pancreatic and bile duct. open into the duodenum, their alkaline content neutralizes the pH of the chyme as a result of the influence of the hormones secretin which stimulates flow of pancreatic juice and cho ...
... The stomach contents (chyme) is introduced into the duodenum through the pyloric valve. The pancreatic and bile duct. open into the duodenum, their alkaline content neutralizes the pH of the chyme as a result of the influence of the hormones secretin which stimulates flow of pancreatic juice and cho ...
Chapter 5 Notes- Macromolecules
... BACTERIA live in their digestive systems & help digest cellulose-rich (grass) meals ...
... BACTERIA live in their digestive systems & help digest cellulose-rich (grass) meals ...
Protein_hierarchy
... structure, with reference to hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions, disulfide bonds and ionic interactions; • (g) explain, with the aid of diagrams, the term quaternary structure, with reference. ...
... structure, with reference to hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions, disulfide bonds and ionic interactions; • (g) explain, with the aid of diagrams, the term quaternary structure, with reference. ...
Macromolecule Lecture Notes
... The main energy source for the human body. Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen bond together Sucrose, the sugar of table sugar (and maple syrup!) is made of one glucose monomer and one fructose monomer, Single sugars are called monosaccharides Disaccharide is [two][sugars]. Carbohydrates that contain only m ...
... The main energy source for the human body. Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen bond together Sucrose, the sugar of table sugar (and maple syrup!) is made of one glucose monomer and one fructose monomer, Single sugars are called monosaccharides Disaccharide is [two][sugars]. Carbohydrates that contain only m ...
Oxidative phosphorylation (1)
... thermogenin, which is found exclusively in brown adipose tissue. Brown adipose tissue is abundant in the newborn and in some adult mammals, and it is brown because of its high content of mitochondria. In humans, brown adipose tissue is abundant in infants, but it gradually diminishes and is barely d ...
... thermogenin, which is found exclusively in brown adipose tissue. Brown adipose tissue is abundant in the newborn and in some adult mammals, and it is brown because of its high content of mitochondria. In humans, brown adipose tissue is abundant in infants, but it gradually diminishes and is barely d ...
Summary of Additional A-level Paper 2 content - A
... (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a polymer of nucleotides linked by covalent bonds between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the 2-deoxyribose of another nucleotide which results in a sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate polymer chain with bases attached to the sugars in the chain, and that DNA exists ...
... (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a polymer of nucleotides linked by covalent bonds between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the 2-deoxyribose of another nucleotide which results in a sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate polymer chain with bases attached to the sugars in the chain, and that DNA exists ...
Block 1: Pathology Dr. Rosenzweig Test 1: Free Radicals Oxidative
... superoxide anion O2 and H2O2 in presence of water conversion of H2O2 by SOD decomposition to H2O by glutathione peroxidase, catalase antioxidants: block FR formation/inactivate FRs o eg: lipid-soluble vitamins E and A; ascorbic acid and glutathione in cytosol Free Fe and Cu catalyze formation of RO ...
... superoxide anion O2 and H2O2 in presence of water conversion of H2O2 by SOD decomposition to H2O by glutathione peroxidase, catalase antioxidants: block FR formation/inactivate FRs o eg: lipid-soluble vitamins E and A; ascorbic acid and glutathione in cytosol Free Fe and Cu catalyze formation of RO ...
Trans-activation and DNA-binding properties of
... not shown). We therefore conclude Sox-18 binds DNA in a highly sequence-specific manner, though without rigorous binding site selection experiments there remains the formal possibility that Sox-18 also binds another unrelated sequence. Analysis of transcription factors using the Gal4 hybrid assay sy ...
... not shown). We therefore conclude Sox-18 binds DNA in a highly sequence-specific manner, though without rigorous binding site selection experiments there remains the formal possibility that Sox-18 also binds another unrelated sequence. Analysis of transcription factors using the Gal4 hybrid assay sy ...
Competency 3 - broward.k12.fl.us
... • Chlorophyll a is light absorbing pigment that participates directly in light reactions • Accessory pigments absorb light at different wavelengths & transfer energy to c’phyll a ...
... • Chlorophyll a is light absorbing pigment that participates directly in light reactions • Accessory pigments absorb light at different wavelengths & transfer energy to c’phyll a ...
Enzymes
... • The enzyme will cause the structure of the substrate to change • 1. Carbohydrate substrate enters the active site in a strong flattened ring shape ( like an “O”) • 2. Enzyme active site changes the shape to be straight on one end (like a “D”) • 3. This produces a strain on the bonds of the ring ma ...
... • The enzyme will cause the structure of the substrate to change • 1. Carbohydrate substrate enters the active site in a strong flattened ring shape ( like an “O”) • 2. Enzyme active site changes the shape to be straight on one end (like a “D”) • 3. This produces a strain on the bonds of the ring ma ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.