Teacher`s Name: ___Julie
... I can review basic chemistry properties and characteristics: Atoms and subatomic particles; ions, bonding, chemical formulas, water, and pH scale. I can explain the fundamental principles of the pH scale and the consequences of having the different concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions. I ca ...
... I can review basic chemistry properties and characteristics: Atoms and subatomic particles; ions, bonding, chemical formulas, water, and pH scale. I can explain the fundamental principles of the pH scale and the consequences of having the different concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions. I ca ...
Mitochondrial Lab - University of Colorado Denver
... 2) TCA CYCLE (or Kreb’s cycle)- where what is left of glucose is broken all the way down to C02 and all the electrons are stripped off 3) Electrons are carried (by NADH or FADH2) to the electron transport chain and ATP synthase where ATP is made from electron energy (ch. 10) ...
... 2) TCA CYCLE (or Kreb’s cycle)- where what is left of glucose is broken all the way down to C02 and all the electrons are stripped off 3) Electrons are carried (by NADH or FADH2) to the electron transport chain and ATP synthase where ATP is made from electron energy (ch. 10) ...
Working With Enzymes - Southern Biological
... To get a reaction in a suitable time frame, you should ensure that the concentrations of the enzyme and the substrate are correct. Although enzymes are catalysts and therefore able to react many times, overall reaction rates can be increased by using more enzyme because it allows more substrate mole ...
... To get a reaction in a suitable time frame, you should ensure that the concentrations of the enzyme and the substrate are correct. Although enzymes are catalysts and therefore able to react many times, overall reaction rates can be increased by using more enzyme because it allows more substrate mole ...
Synthesis and elongation of fatty acids
... • Essential in all organisms except archaea • Constituents of membranes • Posttranslational protein modification (myristoylation, palmitoylation) • Storage of chemical energy (TAG, sterolesters) ...
... • Essential in all organisms except archaea • Constituents of membranes • Posttranslational protein modification (myristoylation, palmitoylation) • Storage of chemical energy (TAG, sterolesters) ...
I. CHEMICAL BASIS OF LIFE, cont
... VI. LIPIDS, cont • Waxes – One fatty acid attached to an alcohol. Very hydrophobic. Used as coating, lubricant • Steroids – Consist of 4-rings with different functional groups attached. o Cholesterol – steroid found in animal cell membranes; precursor for sex hormones ...
... VI. LIPIDS, cont • Waxes – One fatty acid attached to an alcohol. Very hydrophobic. Used as coating, lubricant • Steroids – Consist of 4-rings with different functional groups attached. o Cholesterol – steroid found in animal cell membranes; precursor for sex hormones ...
Micronutrients - Functions - University of Alaska Fairbanks
... memebranes for beta-oxidation (energy production). • Vitamin C, along with iron, are cofactors for an enzyme required for the synthesis of carnitine. Neurotransmitter Synthesis • Vitamin C is a co-factor in norepinephrine and epinephrine synthesis from dopamine (originally from tyramine) through a c ...
... memebranes for beta-oxidation (energy production). • Vitamin C, along with iron, are cofactors for an enzyme required for the synthesis of carnitine. Neurotransmitter Synthesis • Vitamin C is a co-factor in norepinephrine and epinephrine synthesis from dopamine (originally from tyramine) through a c ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... called ________. A. photosynthesis B. cellular respiration C. the light-independent reaction D. the Calvin cycle ...
... called ________. A. photosynthesis B. cellular respiration C. the light-independent reaction D. the Calvin cycle ...
Glycolysis
... the simple burning of the same fuel molecule. In the cell, enzymes catalyze oxidation via a series of small steps in which free energy is transferred in conveniently sized packets to carrier molecules — most often ATP and NADH. At each step, an enzyme controls the reaction by reducing the activation ...
... the simple burning of the same fuel molecule. In the cell, enzymes catalyze oxidation via a series of small steps in which free energy is transferred in conveniently sized packets to carrier molecules — most often ATP and NADH. At each step, an enzyme controls the reaction by reducing the activation ...
Biology Standards Sheet
... or RNA molecules that carry out the essential functions of life. Obtain, evaluate and communicate information on how biotechnology (including gel electrophoresis, plasmid-based transformation and DNA fingerprinting) may be used in the fields of medicine, agriculture, and forensic science. H.B.4C. Co ...
... or RNA molecules that carry out the essential functions of life. Obtain, evaluate and communicate information on how biotechnology (including gel electrophoresis, plasmid-based transformation and DNA fingerprinting) may be used in the fields of medicine, agriculture, and forensic science. H.B.4C. Co ...
Chapter 13.1 and 13.2 RNA, Ribosomes, and Protein Synthesis
... – On ribosome, translation begins at START codon. – Each codon attracts an anticodon aka tRNA – tRNA carries an amino acid. – Amino acids bond and move along the mRNA – Continues until reaches STOP codon and forms polypeptide and mRNA is released. ...
... – On ribosome, translation begins at START codon. – Each codon attracts an anticodon aka tRNA – tRNA carries an amino acid. – Amino acids bond and move along the mRNA – Continues until reaches STOP codon and forms polypeptide and mRNA is released. ...
The Science of Energy Metabolism
... of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is an energy storage molecule which provides chemical energy to drive the energy demands of the body. ATP is produced by a number of chemical reactions which take place within the mitochondria, organelles which are present in all cells of the human body. Mitochon ...
... of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is an energy storage molecule which provides chemical energy to drive the energy demands of the body. ATP is produced by a number of chemical reactions which take place within the mitochondria, organelles which are present in all cells of the human body. Mitochon ...
Metabolic modeling and comparative biochemistry in glyoxylate cycle
... individually from the sum of acetyl-CoA, NAHD and FADH2 molecules number, and substrate level phosphorylation, generated in the oxidation of fatty acids with specific numbers of carbon atoms in glyoxysomes (Table 2). In both conditions, the ATP amounts obtained are equivalent. Taking these equivalen ...
... individually from the sum of acetyl-CoA, NAHD and FADH2 molecules number, and substrate level phosphorylation, generated in the oxidation of fatty acids with specific numbers of carbon atoms in glyoxysomes (Table 2). In both conditions, the ATP amounts obtained are equivalent. Taking these equivalen ...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
... 3. The conversion of pyruvate to lactate is the mechanism for regeneration of NAD+. 4. This helps continuity of glycolysis, as the generated NAD+ will be used once more for oxidation of another glucose molecule. ...
... 3. The conversion of pyruvate to lactate is the mechanism for regeneration of NAD+. 4. This helps continuity of glycolysis, as the generated NAD+ will be used once more for oxidation of another glucose molecule. ...
Cellular Respiration
... State and explain the chemical equation for cellular respiration. Define oxidation and reduction and explain the idea of redox reactions. Explain the use of NAD+ as a coenzyme. Explain the electron transport chain (ETC). Name the 3 major stages of cell respiration, along with their locations. Explai ...
... State and explain the chemical equation for cellular respiration. Define oxidation and reduction and explain the idea of redox reactions. Explain the use of NAD+ as a coenzyme. Explain the electron transport chain (ETC). Name the 3 major stages of cell respiration, along with their locations. Explai ...
Grades 9-12 Chemistry California Content Standards
... a. large molecules (polymers) such as proteins, nucleic acids, and starch are formed by repetitive combinations of simple sub-units. b. the bonding characteristics of carbon lead to a large variety of structures ranging from simple hydrocarbons to complex polymers and biological molecules. c. amino ...
... a. large molecules (polymers) such as proteins, nucleic acids, and starch are formed by repetitive combinations of simple sub-units. b. the bonding characteristics of carbon lead to a large variety of structures ranging from simple hydrocarbons to complex polymers and biological molecules. c. amino ...
Enzyme Structure and Function
... • An enzyme (and any other protein) is made by linking amino acids together in the correct order (sequence). ...
... • An enzyme (and any other protein) is made by linking amino acids together in the correct order (sequence). ...
Chemistry - Gorman Learning Center
... a. large molecules (polymers) such as proteins, nucleic acids, and starch are formed by repetitive combinations of simple sub-units. b. the bonding characteristics of carbon lead to a large variety of structures ranging from simple hydrocarbons to complex polymers and biological molecules. c. amino ...
... a. large molecules (polymers) such as proteins, nucleic acids, and starch are formed by repetitive combinations of simple sub-units. b. the bonding characteristics of carbon lead to a large variety of structures ranging from simple hydrocarbons to complex polymers and biological molecules. c. amino ...
Part 1: Macromolecules Tutorial
... 3. List the monomers that are linked together to form each of the following macromolecules: Proteins __________________ Carbohydrates __________________ Nucleic acids __________________ ...
... 3. List the monomers that are linked together to form each of the following macromolecules: Proteins __________________ Carbohydrates __________________ Nucleic acids __________________ ...
here - Sites@PSU
... Lactococcus sp. Lactobacillus sp. Leuconostoc sp. Pediococcus sp. Oenococcus sp. Streptococcus sp. Enterococcus sp. Sporolactobacillus sp. Carnobacterium sp. Aerococcus sp. Tetragenococcus sp. Vagococcus sp. Weisella sp. ...
... Lactococcus sp. Lactobacillus sp. Leuconostoc sp. Pediococcus sp. Oenococcus sp. Streptococcus sp. Enterococcus sp. Sporolactobacillus sp. Carnobacterium sp. Aerococcus sp. Tetragenococcus sp. Vagococcus sp. Weisella sp. ...
Respiration2
... It is important that you learn both the word and chemical equation. In the above equations we see that glucose is broken down by oxygen to release energy with carbon dioxide and water being produced as by-products of the reaction. Approximately 2900 kJ of energy is released when one mole of glucose ...
... It is important that you learn both the word and chemical equation. In the above equations we see that glucose is broken down by oxygen to release energy with carbon dioxide and water being produced as by-products of the reaction. Approximately 2900 kJ of energy is released when one mole of glucose ...
Chapter 3: Energy for Cells
... The light reactions require sunlight energy. As sunlight strikes chlorophyll on the surface of the chloroplast, the energy absorbed powers a reaction that breaks down a water molecule, releasing the oxygen. The hydrogen from the water is split into protons and electrons. The electrons have absor ...
... The light reactions require sunlight energy. As sunlight strikes chlorophyll on the surface of the chloroplast, the energy absorbed powers a reaction that breaks down a water molecule, releasing the oxygen. The hydrogen from the water is split into protons and electrons. The electrons have absor ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.