IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP)
... The processes involved in protein folding are very complex as a result of the large (N⟶∞) number of the degrees of freedom. Sequel to this, a coarse-grained simplified model has been a very useful tool for the study of protein processes. In this case instead of representing each atom in the protein, ...
... The processes involved in protein folding are very complex as a result of the large (N⟶∞) number of the degrees of freedom. Sequel to this, a coarse-grained simplified model has been a very useful tool for the study of protein processes. In this case instead of representing each atom in the protein, ...
Russell, MJ, Hall, AJ, and Mellersh, AR, 2003
... The initial conditions from which life must have emerged may be gleaned from the calculable states of the solar system and the Earth in Priscoan (~Hadean) times between 4.5 and 3.9 billion years ago (Ga). Just how the conditions for emergence might translate to a chemical model and experimental reco ...
... The initial conditions from which life must have emerged may be gleaned from the calculable states of the solar system and the Earth in Priscoan (~Hadean) times between 4.5 and 3.9 billion years ago (Ga). Just how the conditions for emergence might translate to a chemical model and experimental reco ...
Divergent or just different Rozeboom, Henriette
... photosynthesis, which evolved only once, about 2.4 billion years ago, in a common ancestor of current cyanobacteria that emitted O2 as a waste product (Schirrmeister et al., 2013). Chloroplasts found in eukaryotes (algae and plants) likely evolved from an endosymbiotic relation with such a cyanobact ...
... photosynthesis, which evolved only once, about 2.4 billion years ago, in a common ancestor of current cyanobacteria that emitted O2 as a waste product (Schirrmeister et al., 2013). Chloroplasts found in eukaryotes (algae and plants) likely evolved from an endosymbiotic relation with such a cyanobact ...
Single Amino Acids as Additives Modulating CaCO3 Mineralization
... Arginine is a basic amino acid with a pKa of 12.48. The side chain contains a complex guanidinium group which is positively charged under neutral, acidic and even most basic conditions. This explains the alkaline characteristics. Asparagine is a polar amino acid with a carboxamide group in its side ...
... Arginine is a basic amino acid with a pKa of 12.48. The side chain contains a complex guanidinium group which is positively charged under neutral, acidic and even most basic conditions. This explains the alkaline characteristics. Asparagine is a polar amino acid with a carboxamide group in its side ...
Property it tests for
... Utilization of citrate as a single carbon source. Urease activity. Motility. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production. Decarboxylation of amino acids. ...
... Utilization of citrate as a single carbon source. Urease activity. Motility. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production. Decarboxylation of amino acids. ...
Document
... • Mixture of compounds that resist pH changes • Convert strong (completely dissociated) acids or bases into weak (slightly dissociated) ones • Carbonic acid-bicarbonate system ...
... • Mixture of compounds that resist pH changes • Convert strong (completely dissociated) acids or bases into weak (slightly dissociated) ones • Carbonic acid-bicarbonate system ...
enzymes - La Salle High School
... Catalysts for biological reactions Most are proteins Lower the activation energy Increase the rate of reaction Activity lost if denatured May be simple proteins May contain cofactors such as metal ions or organic (vitamins) ...
... Catalysts for biological reactions Most are proteins Lower the activation energy Increase the rate of reaction Activity lost if denatured May be simple proteins May contain cofactors such as metal ions or organic (vitamins) ...
Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
... Catalysts for biological reactions Most are proteins Lower the activation energy Increase the rate of reaction Activity lost if denatured May be simple proteins May contain cofactors such as metal ions or organic (vitamins) ...
... Catalysts for biological reactions Most are proteins Lower the activation energy Increase the rate of reaction Activity lost if denatured May be simple proteins May contain cofactors such as metal ions or organic (vitamins) ...
FulvicForce fulvic acid in Sport and Training
... To discuss the positive role that fulvic acid can play for people who exercise regularly, it is important to understand the processes of exercise and the physiological and biochemical changes that occur during sport. ...
... To discuss the positive role that fulvic acid can play for people who exercise regularly, it is important to understand the processes of exercise and the physiological and biochemical changes that occur during sport. ...
The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle in Thiobacillus
... from Thiobacillus-A2 when grown autotrophically. Our results further indicate that the absence of a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase cannot be considered as a causative feature of obligate autotrophy. Indeed, the fact that this enzyme is present in Thiobacillus-A2 when grown heterotrophically suggests th ...
... from Thiobacillus-A2 when grown autotrophically. Our results further indicate that the absence of a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase cannot be considered as a causative feature of obligate autotrophy. Indeed, the fact that this enzyme is present in Thiobacillus-A2 when grown heterotrophically suggests th ...
Additional file 11 cd00120: MCM1, Agamous, Deficiens, and SRF
... The Smad family of transcription factors plays an important role in the transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway and is critical for determining the specificity between alternative pathways (37-40). The family is divided into two major classes: AR-Smads (induced by TGFβ-type receptors) and BR- ...
... The Smad family of transcription factors plays an important role in the transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway and is critical for determining the specificity between alternative pathways (37-40). The family is divided into two major classes: AR-Smads (induced by TGFβ-type receptors) and BR- ...
Antioxidants B-Vitamins Minerals
... Methyl tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) is a common gasoline additive used to increase octane ratings, and has been found to contaminate ground water supplies where gasoline is stored. Inhalation of MTBE may cause nose and throat irritation, as well as headaches, nausea, dizziness and mental confusion. Anima ...
... Methyl tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) is a common gasoline additive used to increase octane ratings, and has been found to contaminate ground water supplies where gasoline is stored. Inhalation of MTBE may cause nose and throat irritation, as well as headaches, nausea, dizziness and mental confusion. Anima ...
Venice, Sep 2010 - Theoretical Biochemistry Group
... ∆GP : phosphorylation potential e.g. NAD+ → Sirtuin histone deacetylation ...
... ∆GP : phosphorylation potential e.g. NAD+ → Sirtuin histone deacetylation ...
MSG
... made "free" by various processes (hydrolyzed, autolyzed, modified or fermented with strong chemicals, bacteria, or enzymes) and refined to a white crystal that resembles sugar. This substance is known as monosodium glutamate or MSG. It is 78.2% glutamate, 12.2% sodium, and 9.6% water. It is odorless ...
... made "free" by various processes (hydrolyzed, autolyzed, modified or fermented with strong chemicals, bacteria, or enzymes) and refined to a white crystal that resembles sugar. This substance is known as monosodium glutamate or MSG. It is 78.2% glutamate, 12.2% sodium, and 9.6% water. It is odorless ...
7 Fig. 1. "Double-sieve" (two- step subtrate selection - SPring-8
... rates to 1/104 . Fersht first proposed a "doublesieve" (two-step substrate selection) model for the molecular mechanism of the editing reaction seen in IleRS and ValRS [1]. In IleRS, amino acids larger than the cognate L-isoleucine are strictly excluded by the amino acid activation site which serves ...
... rates to 1/104 . Fersht first proposed a "doublesieve" (two-step substrate selection) model for the molecular mechanism of the editing reaction seen in IleRS and ValRS [1]. In IleRS, amino acids larger than the cognate L-isoleucine are strictly excluded by the amino acid activation site which serves ...
Lipid Oxidation - anslab.iastate.edu
... • Oxygen is the most important factor on the development of lipid oxidation • Ground state oxygen is itself a radical, with two unpaired electrons each located in a * antibonding orbital • Ground state oxygen has its outermost pair of electrons parallel spins: does not allow them to react with most ...
... • Oxygen is the most important factor on the development of lipid oxidation • Ground state oxygen is itself a radical, with two unpaired electrons each located in a * antibonding orbital • Ground state oxygen has its outermost pair of electrons parallel spins: does not allow them to react with most ...
Questions
... 8. Use the example of the Nuclear Pore Complex to explain how IUPs may carry out certain functional roles in cells more efficiently than structured proteins. ...
... 8. Use the example of the Nuclear Pore Complex to explain how IUPs may carry out certain functional roles in cells more efficiently than structured proteins. ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.