Enzymes
... Enzymes are usually proteins that act as catalysts, compounds that increase the rate of chemical reactions. They bind specifically to a substrate, forming a complex. This complex lowers the activation energy in the reaction: o without the enzyme becoming consumed o and without changing the equil ...
... Enzymes are usually proteins that act as catalysts, compounds that increase the rate of chemical reactions. They bind specifically to a substrate, forming a complex. This complex lowers the activation energy in the reaction: o without the enzyme becoming consumed o and without changing the equil ...
Mitochondrial protein acetylation regulates metabolism
... group to the ε-amino group of lysine residues that occurs on a wide array of proteins. This simple modification neutralizes the positive charge of the lysine residue, potentially altering its propensity to interact with nearby amino acids or other proteins. In this way, acetylation can influence mul ...
... group to the ε-amino group of lysine residues that occurs on a wide array of proteins. This simple modification neutralizes the positive charge of the lysine residue, potentially altering its propensity to interact with nearby amino acids or other proteins. In this way, acetylation can influence mul ...
Probing the conformational changes of the yeast mitochondrial ADP
... cytoplasmic state, which can be locked by carboxy-atractyloside, the substrate binding site is accessible to the cytoplasm, whereas in the matrix state, which can be locked by bongkrekic acid, the substrate binding site is open to the mitochondrial matrix. Access to the substrate binding site is reg ...
... cytoplasmic state, which can be locked by carboxy-atractyloside, the substrate binding site is accessible to the cytoplasm, whereas in the matrix state, which can be locked by bongkrekic acid, the substrate binding site is open to the mitochondrial matrix. Access to the substrate binding site is reg ...
Function and specificity of 14-3-3 proteins in the regulation of
... GS2 strongly associated with 14-3-3 proteins was found to be catalytically active. Interaction of 14-3-3 proteins with enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism Not only do 14-3-3 proteins regulate enzymes of the nitrogen assimilation pathway and proteins involved in generating proton gradients which serve ...
... GS2 strongly associated with 14-3-3 proteins was found to be catalytically active. Interaction of 14-3-3 proteins with enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism Not only do 14-3-3 proteins regulate enzymes of the nitrogen assimilation pathway and proteins involved in generating proton gradients which serve ...
Poster
... Mentor: Madhusudan Dey, Ph.D., Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and are major targets of antibiotics. While translation is a universally conserved cellular process, the ability of drugs to target prokaryotic ribosome ...
... Mentor: Madhusudan Dey, Ph.D., Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and are major targets of antibiotics. While translation is a universally conserved cellular process, the ability of drugs to target prokaryotic ribosome ...
Lecture 008, Tissue - SuperPage for Joel R. Gober, PhD.
... we change the shape of this active site. What’s going to happen to this chemical reaction right here? It won’t take place, and why is that? Well, if we change the shape of this active site it’s no longer complementary to the shape of this sub-straight and the enzyme sub-straight complex won’t form, ...
... we change the shape of this active site. What’s going to happen to this chemical reaction right here? It won’t take place, and why is that? Well, if we change the shape of this active site it’s no longer complementary to the shape of this sub-straight and the enzyme sub-straight complex won’t form, ...
work № 1. colour reactions of amino acids and proteins
... Hydrolysis of protein is a process of biopolymer’s degradation with cleavage of peptide bonds through the assistance of water molecules under the action of acids, alkalis or proteases. In laboratory conditions hydrolysis of protein is used for determination of primary structure and amino acid compos ...
... Hydrolysis of protein is a process of biopolymer’s degradation with cleavage of peptide bonds through the assistance of water molecules under the action of acids, alkalis or proteases. In laboratory conditions hydrolysis of protein is used for determination of primary structure and amino acid compos ...
MethyZobaciZZus: a New Genus of Obligately Methylotrophic Bacteria
... 54.1 mol% guanine plus cytosine. Nitrogen-limited cells accumulate over 5% of their dry weight as a glycogen-like reserve material. This polysaccharide is a homoglucan which is similar to glycogen in its iodine-staining properties and its degree of degradation by phosphorylase a . Some of the glucos ...
... 54.1 mol% guanine plus cytosine. Nitrogen-limited cells accumulate over 5% of their dry weight as a glycogen-like reserve material. This polysaccharide is a homoglucan which is similar to glycogen in its iodine-staining properties and its degree of degradation by phosphorylase a . Some of the glucos ...
De novo lipogenesis in the liver in health and disease: more than
... Hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is the biochemical process of synthesising fatty acids from acetyl-CoA subunits that are produced from a number of different pathways within the cell, most commonly carbohydrate catabolism. In addition to glucose which most commonly supplies carbon units for DNL, fr ...
... Hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is the biochemical process of synthesising fatty acids from acetyl-CoA subunits that are produced from a number of different pathways within the cell, most commonly carbohydrate catabolism. In addition to glucose which most commonly supplies carbon units for DNL, fr ...
Protein Structure, Neighbor Effect, and a New Index of Amino Acid
... The genetic variation of protein-coding genes represents a major component in genetic biodiversity, and much effort has been spent in understanding how proteins evolve and diversify by amino acid substitutions. Two approaches have been taken to study the pattern of amino acid substitutions. The firs ...
... The genetic variation of protein-coding genes represents a major component in genetic biodiversity, and much effort has been spent in understanding how proteins evolve and diversify by amino acid substitutions. Two approaches have been taken to study the pattern of amino acid substitutions. The firs ...
Protein and Minerals in the Athlete`s Diet
... casein in the micelle structure as it is naturally found in milk. The authors selected sixteen young and healthy males aged 24 +/- 4 years and with Body Mass Index (BMI) of 21.0 +/- 1.8 Kg/m2. The subjects maintained their usual level of physical activity throughout the study. Each subject was fed 3 ...
... casein in the micelle structure as it is naturally found in milk. The authors selected sixteen young and healthy males aged 24 +/- 4 years and with Body Mass Index (BMI) of 21.0 +/- 1.8 Kg/m2. The subjects maintained their usual level of physical activity throughout the study. Each subject was fed 3 ...
8.4 Weak Acids and Bases, Continued
... • Citrus fruits taste sour because they contain acid. • Our stomach produces acid to aid in digestion, and our muscles produce lactic acid when we exercise. • An acid can be neutralized by a base. Soaps are mild bases, and, like other bases, feel slippery to the touch. ...
... • Citrus fruits taste sour because they contain acid. • Our stomach produces acid to aid in digestion, and our muscles produce lactic acid when we exercise. • An acid can be neutralized by a base. Soaps are mild bases, and, like other bases, feel slippery to the touch. ...
Enzyme Power Point
... Catalysts for biological reactions Most are proteins Lower the activation energy Increase the rate of reaction Activity lost if denatured May be simple proteins May contain cofactors such as metal ions or organic (vitamins) ...
... Catalysts for biological reactions Most are proteins Lower the activation energy Increase the rate of reaction Activity lost if denatured May be simple proteins May contain cofactors such as metal ions or organic (vitamins) ...
Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry
... chemical reactions efficiently and selectively. Enzymes (from the Greek enzymos, “leavened”) are the chemical catalysts of biological systems. Enzymes have extraordinary catalytic power, often far greater than that of synthetic or inorganic catalysts. They have a high degree of specificity for their ...
... chemical reactions efficiently and selectively. Enzymes (from the Greek enzymos, “leavened”) are the chemical catalysts of biological systems. Enzymes have extraordinary catalytic power, often far greater than that of synthetic or inorganic catalysts. They have a high degree of specificity for their ...
Key Words
... Arrange the following sentences in order to describe translation from mRNA to proteins A. A second tRNA links to a second codon in the mRNA ...
... Arrange the following sentences in order to describe translation from mRNA to proteins A. A second tRNA links to a second codon in the mRNA ...
Systems biology of inborn errors of metabolism
... discusses the combined bottom-up and module approaches to expand and refine the mother networks. It also highlights the importance of transport proteins in network reconstruction, their associated properties, and their involvement in various IEMs. Thereafter, we focused on expansion of Recon 1 with ...
... discusses the combined bottom-up and module approaches to expand and refine the mother networks. It also highlights the importance of transport proteins in network reconstruction, their associated properties, and their involvement in various IEMs. Thereafter, we focused on expansion of Recon 1 with ...
FOOD FOR FUEL!
... (often referred to as the “blood sugar” level. In fact, glucose is often measured in terms of its plasma concentration and not blood level) within a fairly narrow range, primarily under the control of the hormones insulin, cortisol, glucagon, adrenaline and noradrenaline. Maintenance of an adequate ...
... (often referred to as the “blood sugar” level. In fact, glucose is often measured in terms of its plasma concentration and not blood level) within a fairly narrow range, primarily under the control of the hormones insulin, cortisol, glucagon, adrenaline and noradrenaline. Maintenance of an adequate ...
Caldogcium – concentrated Calcium supplement containing Beta
... A potent antioxidant. Selenium is also an antioxidant that assists with maintenance of general health and well being. It is well known that antioxidants, work better synergistically, this is why we have included a good level of other antioxidants in their natural state into our Vitamin E blend also. ...
... A potent antioxidant. Selenium is also an antioxidant that assists with maintenance of general health and well being. It is well known that antioxidants, work better synergistically, this is why we have included a good level of other antioxidants in their natural state into our Vitamin E blend also. ...
1 - Plant Research International
... The method of entry into pathway 2 will be by pulse labelling of the roots of rooted cloves in nutrient medium containing 35SO4 followed by analysis of the pattern of labelling in the leaves. Particular attention will be paid to the labelling in the S-allyl--glutamyl cysteine and S-allyl cysteine. ...
... The method of entry into pathway 2 will be by pulse labelling of the roots of rooted cloves in nutrient medium containing 35SO4 followed by analysis of the pattern of labelling in the leaves. Particular attention will be paid to the labelling in the S-allyl--glutamyl cysteine and S-allyl cysteine. ...
Minimal metabolic pathway structure is consistent with
... (Fig 1). The MinSpan pathways are the sparsest linear basis of the null space of S that maintains the biological and thermodynamic constraints of the network. The MinSpan pathways have a couple notable properties. First, unlike convex analysis approaches (Llaneras & Pico, 2010), MinSpan pathways can ...
... (Fig 1). The MinSpan pathways are the sparsest linear basis of the null space of S that maintains the biological and thermodynamic constraints of the network. The MinSpan pathways have a couple notable properties. First, unlike convex analysis approaches (Llaneras & Pico, 2010), MinSpan pathways can ...
Microsporidia: Why Make Nucleotides if You Can Steal Them?
... including humans and economically important fish and insects. Surviving and flourishing inside another eukaryotic cell is a very specialised lifestyle that requires evolutionary innovation. Genome sequence analyses show that microsporidia have lost most of the genes needed for making primary metabol ...
... including humans and economically important fish and insects. Surviving and flourishing inside another eukaryotic cell is a very specialised lifestyle that requires evolutionary innovation. Genome sequence analyses show that microsporidia have lost most of the genes needed for making primary metabol ...
ATP-binding site as a further application of neural network
... well known to interact through their Arg and Lys residues do not show a high propensity for His, which is observed in ATP-binding sites. This anomaly i. e. a similarity with Arg and Lys and difference from His residues may be either due to different oxidation states of His in the two cases or due to ...
... well known to interact through their Arg and Lys residues do not show a high propensity for His, which is observed in ATP-binding sites. This anomaly i. e. a similarity with Arg and Lys and difference from His residues may be either due to different oxidation states of His in the two cases or due to ...
Chemistry
... particle of matter. It translates to mean something that is indivisible. In the eighteenth century, chemist, John Dalton, revived the term when he suggested that each element was made up of unique atoms and the atoms of an element are all the same. At that time, there were about 35 known elements. T ...
... particle of matter. It translates to mean something that is indivisible. In the eighteenth century, chemist, John Dalton, revived the term when he suggested that each element was made up of unique atoms and the atoms of an element are all the same. At that time, there were about 35 known elements. T ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.