CONTROL OF MOVEMENT BY THE BRAIN A. PRIMARY MOTOR
... -Moruzzi and Magoun (1949) electrically stimulated the “pontine reticular formation” in sleeping cats to either produce a desynchronized EEG in anesthetized cats or to “awake” normally sleeping cats - this region became known as the ____________________ ascending reticular ...
... -Moruzzi and Magoun (1949) electrically stimulated the “pontine reticular formation” in sleeping cats to either produce a desynchronized EEG in anesthetized cats or to “awake” normally sleeping cats - this region became known as the ____________________ ascending reticular ...
From spike frequency to free recall:
... region CA3 and the Schaffer collaterals from CA3 to CA1) would undergo strong synaptic modification, but weak synaptic transmission. In contrast, retrieval dynamics would have weaker afferent input, with strong internal synaptic transmission, but weak synaptic modification. Previous research has not ...
... region CA3 and the Schaffer collaterals from CA3 to CA1) would undergo strong synaptic modification, but weak synaptic transmission. In contrast, retrieval dynamics would have weaker afferent input, with strong internal synaptic transmission, but weak synaptic modification. Previous research has not ...
Hasselmo M.E. (2007) Arc length coding by interference of
... CA3 of the hippocampus. However, data and modeling suggest an alternate mechanism for encoding of sequences in which interference between theta frequency oscillations encodes the position within a sequence based on spatial arc length or time. Arc length can be coded by an oscillatory interference mo ...
... CA3 of the hippocampus. However, data and modeling suggest an alternate mechanism for encoding of sequences in which interference between theta frequency oscillations encodes the position within a sequence based on spatial arc length or time. Arc length can be coded by an oscillatory interference mo ...
Long Term Effects of Low Frequency (10 Hz)
... internal electrical losses in the coil, decreasing the TMS field strength. However, for the well-designed, rigid, MRI-compatible TMS coil used by Yau and colleagues, it is unlikely that these factors are large enough to account for the TMS coil field reduction. This hypothesis is supported by the fact ...
... internal electrical losses in the coil, decreasing the TMS field strength. However, for the well-designed, rigid, MRI-compatible TMS coil used by Yau and colleagues, it is unlikely that these factors are large enough to account for the TMS coil field reduction. This hypothesis is supported by the fact ...
Appendix S1 Relation of local short
... contribute to local EEG considerably and others insignificantly. What is the contribution of volume conduction effect in this context? Firstly, volume conduction effect is distance dependent: the larger the distance of the recording electrode from the current source, the less informative the measure ...
... contribute to local EEG considerably and others insignificantly. What is the contribution of volume conduction effect in this context? Firstly, volume conduction effect is distance dependent: the larger the distance of the recording electrode from the current source, the less informative the measure ...
Electroencephalography
... enough to form dipoles. We can assume that the EEG signal reflects activity of cortical neurons in close proximity to the given electrode. The thalamus acts as the pacemaker ensuring synchronous rhythmic firing of pyramidal cells. Activity from deep sources is harder to detect as voltage fields fall ...
... enough to form dipoles. We can assume that the EEG signal reflects activity of cortical neurons in close proximity to the given electrode. The thalamus acts as the pacemaker ensuring synchronous rhythmic firing of pyramidal cells. Activity from deep sources is harder to detect as voltage fields fall ...
Encoding and Retrieval of Episodic Memories: Role of Hippocampus
... These effects of cholinergic activation of muscarinic receptors are assumed to be blocked by systemic administration of the muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine. Thus, in simulating the effects of scopolamine, the cellular effects of acetylcholine are reduced in magnitude within the model. The ...
... These effects of cholinergic activation of muscarinic receptors are assumed to be blocked by systemic administration of the muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine. Thus, in simulating the effects of scopolamine, the cellular effects of acetylcholine are reduced in magnitude within the model. The ...
Spring 2002
... vertical cursor movements by linear equations. The coefficients of the linear equations were updated after each trial. The classification accuracy was around 70 % to 80 %. Additional BCI projects are being developed at the Graz University of Technology in Austria. Their system uses oscillatory EEG s ...
... vertical cursor movements by linear equations. The coefficients of the linear equations were updated after each trial. The classification accuracy was around 70 % to 80 %. Additional BCI projects are being developed at the Graz University of Technology in Austria. Their system uses oscillatory EEG s ...
The Pendulum Introduction
... even the damped pendulum. A convenient way of representing this motion is to plot the angle theta versus the angular velocity, omega. This is called a phase space plot (phase portrait). In the units we have chosen (g/L = 1), the phase portrait for the linear pendulum is a circle. A pendulum swing wi ...
... even the damped pendulum. A convenient way of representing this motion is to plot the angle theta versus the angular velocity, omega. This is called a phase space plot (phase portrait). In the units we have chosen (g/L = 1), the phase portrait for the linear pendulum is a circle. A pendulum swing wi ...
The Endogenously Active Brain: The Need for an
... of neurons) with sensory stimuli or motor activities. With respect to visual processing, for example, researchers beginning with Kuffler [Kuffler 1953] and Hubel and Wiesel [Hubel & Wiesel 1962, 1968] employed such techniques as single- and multi-cell recording to determine what features of visual s ...
... of neurons) with sensory stimuli or motor activities. With respect to visual processing, for example, researchers beginning with Kuffler [Kuffler 1953] and Hubel and Wiesel [Hubel & Wiesel 1962, 1968] employed such techniques as single- and multi-cell recording to determine what features of visual s ...
392868
... the CA1 regions, and returns back to the deeper layer of the entorhinal cortex. The hippocampus has been considered to implement an associative memory [15] and the CA3 region including massive recurrent connections is considered to be a major network of the hippocampal memory [16]. These structures ...
... the CA1 regions, and returns back to the deeper layer of the entorhinal cortex. The hippocampus has been considered to implement an associative memory [15] and the CA3 region including massive recurrent connections is considered to be a major network of the hippocampal memory [16]. These structures ...
The endogenously active brain - William Bechtel
... or ERPs). While ERP studies provided little information about the spatial locus of activity, they offered information about the temporal order of processing. For example, Kutas and Hillyard (1980) found that ...
... or ERPs). While ERP studies provided little information about the spatial locus of activity, they offered information about the temporal order of processing. For example, Kutas and Hillyard (1980) found that ...
Theta Modulation in the Medial and the Lateral Entorhinal Cortices
... doi:10.1152/jn.01141.2009. Hippocampal neurons show a strong modulation by theta frequency oscillations. This modulation is thought to be important not only for temporal encoding and decoding of information in the hippocampal system, but also for temporal ordering of neuronal activities on timescale ...
... doi:10.1152/jn.01141.2009. Hippocampal neurons show a strong modulation by theta frequency oscillations. This modulation is thought to be important not only for temporal encoding and decoding of information in the hippocampal system, but also for temporal ordering of neuronal activities on timescale ...
(Title 17, United States Code) governs the maki
... Studies conducted with the patterns in space use by the side blotched lizard have previously shown that modification of testosterone (T) levels have resulted in variation of such space usage (DeNardo & Sinervo 1994; Sinervo 1994). We predicted that increased testosterone levels will affect hippocamp ...
... Studies conducted with the patterns in space use by the side blotched lizard have previously shown that modification of testosterone (T) levels have resulted in variation of such space usage (DeNardo & Sinervo 1994; Sinervo 1994). We predicted that increased testosterone levels will affect hippocamp ...
Hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells form functionally
... pharmacological and modeling studies. We found robust differences between pyramidal neurons residing in the deep and superficial CA1 sublayers in rats. Compared with their superficial peers, deep pyramidal cells fired at higher rates, burst more frequently, were more likely to have place fields and ...
... pharmacological and modeling studies. We found robust differences between pyramidal neurons residing in the deep and superficial CA1 sublayers in rats. Compared with their superficial peers, deep pyramidal cells fired at higher rates, burst more frequently, were more likely to have place fields and ...
BIOFEEDBACK AND YOGA
... February, 1974, meeting of the Biofeedback Research Society that a number of epileptic patients had learned, through EEG feedback, to select brainwave patterns that militated against the appearance of epilepsy (which might be thought of as an "electrical storm" in the brain). Their results imply tha ...
... February, 1974, meeting of the Biofeedback Research Society that a number of epileptic patients had learned, through EEG feedback, to select brainwave patterns that militated against the appearance of epilepsy (which might be thought of as an "electrical storm" in the brain). Their results imply tha ...
BioCapture™ : Acquiring EEG data Quick Notes
... brain. The BioCapture system uses electrodes on the scalp and forehead to monitor the average behavior of millions of brain cells or neurons. There are several practiced ways of acquiring an EEG signal. This Quick Note will demonstrate a basic 2-channel EEG recording of the brain’s frontal poles (Fp ...
... brain. The BioCapture system uses electrodes on the scalp and forehead to monitor the average behavior of millions of brain cells or neurons. There are several practiced ways of acquiring an EEG signal. This Quick Note will demonstrate a basic 2-channel EEG recording of the brain’s frontal poles (Fp ...
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
... The neuronal dendrites must be aligned in parallel so that their field potentials summate to create a signal which is detectable at a distance; 3) The neurons should fire in near synchrony; 4) The electrical activity produced by each neuron needs to have the same electrical sign. Various properties ...
... The neuronal dendrites must be aligned in parallel so that their field potentials summate to create a signal which is detectable at a distance; 3) The neurons should fire in near synchrony; 4) The electrical activity produced by each neuron needs to have the same electrical sign. Various properties ...
01_MEEG_Origin - University College London
... • Lead fields are the predicted signal produced by a dipole of unit amplitude. • MEG is limited by SNR. Higher SNR= resolution of deeper structures. • EEG is limited by head models. More accurate head models= more accurate reconstruction. ...
... • Lead fields are the predicted signal produced by a dipole of unit amplitude. • MEG is limited by SNR. Higher SNR= resolution of deeper structures. • EEG is limited by head models. More accurate head models= more accurate reconstruction. ...
Collateral projections from the median raphe nucleus to the medial
... frequency of discharge of both septal and hippocampal neurons as well as increased the percentage of them showing theta rhythmicity and generated persistent theta. To further explore the role of MR in the modulation/control of the hippocampal EEG, we examined possible collateral projections from MR ...
... frequency of discharge of both septal and hippocampal neurons as well as increased the percentage of them showing theta rhythmicity and generated persistent theta. To further explore the role of MR in the modulation/control of the hippocampal EEG, we examined possible collateral projections from MR ...
Brain activation during human navigation: gender
... Several neuronal structures are involved in visuospatial cognition. Studies of human patients with brain lesions as well as animal research demonstrate the importance of the right mediotemporal lobe, including the hippocampus and the hippocampal formation, for the representation of space3–9. Specifi ...
... Several neuronal structures are involved in visuospatial cognition. Studies of human patients with brain lesions as well as animal research demonstrate the importance of the right mediotemporal lobe, including the hippocampus and the hippocampal formation, for the representation of space3–9. Specifi ...
Distinct Representations and Theta Dynamics in Dorsal and Ventral
... longest time accumulated more water. This approach ensured that the generate spike count and occupancy time matrices. Both matrices were animals visited all arms with the same probability. smoothed by convolving them in two dimensions with a Gaussian funcZigzag maze. By placing five roof-shaped part ...
... longest time accumulated more water. This approach ensured that the generate spike count and occupancy time matrices. Both matrices were animals visited all arms with the same probability. smoothed by convolving them in two dimensions with a Gaussian funcZigzag maze. By placing five roof-shaped part ...
Cellular-synaptic generation of EEG activity
... the generation of EEG stems from the recognition that for the summation of extracellular currents from numerous individual compartments, the events must be relatively slow (39). The dendrites and soma of a neuron form a tree made of an electrically conducting interior surrounded by a relatively ins ...
... the generation of EEG stems from the recognition that for the summation of extracellular currents from numerous individual compartments, the events must be relatively slow (39). The dendrites and soma of a neuron form a tree made of an electrically conducting interior surrounded by a relatively ins ...
house symposium 2015 - Instituto do Cérebro
... Maturation of the brain is characterized by a drastic decrease in synaptic plasticity. Several cellular factors are associated with this outcome, including maturation of inhibitory GABAergic interneurons, which coordinate synaptic interactions among excitatory principal neurons and generate an oscil ...
... Maturation of the brain is characterized by a drastic decrease in synaptic plasticity. Several cellular factors are associated with this outcome, including maturation of inhibitory GABAergic interneurons, which coordinate synaptic interactions among excitatory principal neurons and generate an oscil ...
Final Paper Outline: Effects of Meditation on the Brain
... Kahana, Seelig, and Madsen (2001) note that increased hippocampal activity may be the key factor which underlies the increased theta activity observed in meditators as discussed above; while Kjaer and colleagues (2002) hypothesize that increased amounts of dopamine may be released during meditative ...
... Kahana, Seelig, and Madsen (2001) note that increased hippocampal activity may be the key factor which underlies the increased theta activity observed in meditators as discussed above; while Kjaer and colleagues (2002) hypothesize that increased amounts of dopamine may be released during meditative ...