Emissions Reduction Fund
... potential to improve their energy efficiency. The company registered an Emissions Reduction Fund project to install low emissions lighting and appliances in the buildings’ office space, new energy efficient heating systems and window glazing in one building, and a new air-conditioning and ventilatio ...
... potential to improve their energy efficiency. The company registered an Emissions Reduction Fund project to install low emissions lighting and appliances in the buildings’ office space, new energy efficient heating systems and window glazing in one building, and a new air-conditioning and ventilatio ...
What to do about air pollution and Seminar Proceedings
... In the forth session, the discussion focused on the progress in the implementation of policies. The first presentation was performed by Mr. Dachang Du, from the IMO IMO, which described the existing international legislation in this field and the on-going policy-making process at IMO. He announced t ...
... In the forth session, the discussion focused on the progress in the implementation of policies. The first presentation was performed by Mr. Dachang Du, from the IMO IMO, which described the existing international legislation in this field and the on-going policy-making process at IMO. He announced t ...
Emissions Trading Markets - National Centre for Research on Europe
... Climate Change • UNFCCC – 1992 – First non-binding obligation of developed countries to stabilise GHG emissions at 1990 levels by the year 2000 ...
... Climate Change • UNFCCC – 1992 – First non-binding obligation of developed countries to stabilise GHG emissions at 1990 levels by the year 2000 ...
Power - cloudfront.net
... Regulatory pressure on firms, governments, and even individuals to constrain their greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions Voluntary reasons firms, governments, individuals and other organisations constrain emissions – carbon neutral Both domestic reductions and purchase of outside “GHG emission reduction ...
... Regulatory pressure on firms, governments, and even individuals to constrain their greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions Voluntary reasons firms, governments, individuals and other organisations constrain emissions – carbon neutral Both domestic reductions and purchase of outside “GHG emission reduction ...
What is Joint Implementation (JI)?
... Depending on forecasting methodologies, predicted temperature rise varies: ...
... Depending on forecasting methodologies, predicted temperature rise varies: ...
non-co2 greenhouse gas emissions from oil refineries
... across the European Union. The target has been redistributed across the Member States to reflect the ability of each country to achieve an emission reduction. The UK has agreed a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions of 12,5%. There is a range in national targets: from reductions of 21% in Germany a ...
... across the European Union. The target has been redistributed across the Member States to reflect the ability of each country to achieve an emission reduction. The UK has agreed a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions of 12,5%. There is a range in national targets: from reductions of 21% in Germany a ...
International Progress on Kyoto - Law Associates Ltd Consultants
... of Europe is getting serious about emissions - which is making Russia richer. Some countries making little effort on reductions but making targets by purchasing credits is seen as wrong. This was a long dispute in the negotiations post KP leading up to the rules. Environmental advocates strongly too ...
... of Europe is getting serious about emissions - which is making Russia richer. Some countries making little effort on reductions but making targets by purchasing credits is seen as wrong. This was a long dispute in the negotiations post KP leading up to the rules. Environmental advocates strongly too ...
Slide 1
... Note 1: Declining production emissions based on expected contribution from non-electricity sectors to declining ETS cap (CASE II Model) Note 2: Growth in imported emissions based on continuation of historic growth in gross imports, and varying degrees of decarbonisation in the exporting countries. I ...
... Note 1: Declining production emissions based on expected contribution from non-electricity sectors to declining ETS cap (CASE II Model) Note 2: Growth in imported emissions based on continuation of historic growth in gross imports, and varying degrees of decarbonisation in the exporting countries. I ...
Annex I Parties
... 1. in-depth reviews of fourth national communications, which are due by January 1, 2006 (all Annex I Parties) 2. annual technical reviews of national GHG inventories (all Annex I Parties) 3. reviews of reports demonstrating progress achieved in meeting commitments under KP (RDPs) (Annex I KP Parties ...
... 1. in-depth reviews of fourth national communications, which are due by January 1, 2006 (all Annex I Parties) 2. annual technical reviews of national GHG inventories (all Annex I Parties) 3. reviews of reports demonstrating progress achieved in meeting commitments under KP (RDPs) (Annex I KP Parties ...
Memorandum for His Excellency Judge Shi
... Installations defined as stationary technical units where one or more of the activities listed under ‘Coverage: sectors’ above, or activities associated with those activities, are carried out The operators of covered installations – any person who operates or controls an installation or to whom deci ...
... Installations defined as stationary technical units where one or more of the activities listed under ‘Coverage: sectors’ above, or activities associated with those activities, are carried out The operators of covered installations – any person who operates or controls an installation or to whom deci ...
Response to the Energy and Climate Change
... 13. Based on existing legislation and current government announcements, it is likely that the UK would continue to reduce carbon emissions unilaterally irrespective of its relationship to the EU. This is supported by the fact that UK emission reduction obligations through the Climate Change Act are ...
... 13. Based on existing legislation and current government announcements, it is likely that the UK would continue to reduce carbon emissions unilaterally irrespective of its relationship to the EU. This is supported by the fact that UK emission reduction obligations through the Climate Change Act are ...
Contribution Of UK Aviation To Climate Change
... In terms of aviation emissions, after the US, the UK is the world’s biggest culprit. The 2004 White Paper on the Future of Transport states that: If UK aviation is defined as all domestic services plus all international departures from the UK, then the aviation sector currently contributes about 5.5 ...
... In terms of aviation emissions, after the US, the UK is the world’s biggest culprit. The 2004 White Paper on the Future of Transport states that: If UK aviation is defined as all domestic services plus all international departures from the UK, then the aviation sector currently contributes about 5.5 ...
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... require substantial caveats. A sensitivity analysis on the many assumptions is not given. However, Tol (forthcoming) shows that the sensitivity of the results is less than an order of magnitude – even if the impact of carbon pricing on emissions were ten times larger, it would still be very small. T ...
... require substantial caveats. A sensitivity analysis on the many assumptions is not given. However, Tol (forthcoming) shows that the sensitivity of the results is less than an order of magnitude – even if the impact of carbon pricing on emissions were ten times larger, it would still be very small. T ...
word 20Kb - Carbon Trade Watch
... Most countries with greenhouse gas reduction targets have increased their emissions since 1990 – a fact that is covered over by the inclusion of “economies in transition” in Annex 1 Carbon trading Two types: (i) Cap and trade – eg. EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ii) Offsetting – eg. Clean Develo ...
... Most countries with greenhouse gas reduction targets have increased their emissions since 1990 – a fact that is covered over by the inclusion of “economies in transition” in Annex 1 Carbon trading Two types: (i) Cap and trade – eg. EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ii) Offsetting – eg. Clean Develo ...
TRADING CARBON DIOXIDE ON THE EUROPEAN CABON MARKET
... These concerns prompted the European Commission in 1992 to propose a sole tax on carbon (carbon tax) in the European Communities. As a very bold proposal, the Commission has encountered strong resistance both from states that where challenged by national sovereignty through fiscal intervention, and, ...
... These concerns prompted the European Commission in 1992 to propose a sole tax on carbon (carbon tax) in the European Communities. As a very bold proposal, the Commission has encountered strong resistance both from states that where challenged by national sovereignty through fiscal intervention, and, ...
ASSESSMENT OF THE CREDIBILITY AND EFFICIENCY OF THE
... IET is a mechanism which arises from a system that imposes restrictions on the aggregate amount of greenhouse gas pollutants that a party (e.g. owner of coal-fired power plant) may emit from its facility. Through IET, emitters buy emissions reduction units from or sell emission reduction units to ot ...
... IET is a mechanism which arises from a system that imposes restrictions on the aggregate amount of greenhouse gas pollutants that a party (e.g. owner of coal-fired power plant) may emit from its facility. Through IET, emitters buy emissions reduction units from or sell emission reduction units to ot ...
Slide 1
... “Illustration of difference between impacts with and without adaptation. The upper line shows the impact of climate change with full adaptation where farmers can change crops and irrigate…. The lower line shows the impacts without adaptation, as is likely to occur with abrupt climate change. Note th ...
... “Illustration of difference between impacts with and without adaptation. The upper line shows the impact of climate change with full adaptation where farmers can change crops and irrigate…. The lower line shows the impacts without adaptation, as is likely to occur with abrupt climate change. Note th ...
Carbon Market Analysis - Q3 2010 Brochure
... 2. New Zealand Climate Change Response Amendment of 2009 The New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme (NZ ETS) was legislated in September 2008 under the Climate Change Response Act (2002). This law, amended in November 2009, became the first mandatory emissions trading scheme outside Europe. The liquid ...
... 2. New Zealand Climate Change Response Amendment of 2009 The New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme (NZ ETS) was legislated in September 2008 under the Climate Change Response Act (2002). This law, amended in November 2009, became the first mandatory emissions trading scheme outside Europe. The liquid ...
high
... Schwarzenegger signed into law the bill AB 32, also known as the Global Warming Solutions Act, establishing a timetable to reduce the state's greenhouse-gas emissions, which rank at 12th-largest in the world, by 25% by the year 2020. This law effectively puts California in line with the Kyoto limita ...
... Schwarzenegger signed into law the bill AB 32, also known as the Global Warming Solutions Act, establishing a timetable to reduce the state's greenhouse-gas emissions, which rank at 12th-largest in the world, by 25% by the year 2020. This law effectively puts California in line with the Kyoto limita ...
New Zealand Farming and Climate Change
... reducing compaction from overstocking of livestock; using rotational grazing to maintain pasture root health through leaving residual pasture cover, and balancing the soil’s minerals through the use of soil conditioners. Sounds too good to be true. Does it actually work? Yes. Lower stocking per hect ...
... reducing compaction from overstocking of livestock; using rotational grazing to maintain pasture root health through leaving residual pasture cover, and balancing the soil’s minerals through the use of soil conditioners. Sounds too good to be true. Does it actually work? Yes. Lower stocking per hect ...
Emissions Trading: Dairy industry response
... emissions allowable from the activities or sectors covered under the scheme. Tradable emissions permits (or credits) are issued up to an amount equal to the cap. ...
... emissions allowable from the activities or sectors covered under the scheme. Tradable emissions permits (or credits) are issued up to an amount equal to the cap. ...
Consultation on setting New Zealand`s post
... Our electricity sector is renewable but it does still contain an element of thermal coal that could readily and painlessly be eliminated. To do so would be perhaps the best example we could set for other countries. Our agriculture sector produces NOx and methane because it is largely pastoral. Pasto ...
... Our electricity sector is renewable but it does still contain an element of thermal coal that could readily and painlessly be eliminated. To do so would be perhaps the best example we could set for other countries. Our agriculture sector produces NOx and methane because it is largely pastoral. Pasto ...
New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme
The New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme (NZ ETS) is a partial-coverage all-free allocation uncapped highly internationally linked emissions trading scheme. The NZ ETS was first legislated in the Climate Change Response (Emissions Trading) Amendment Act 2008 in September 2008 under the Fifth Labour Government of New Zealand and then amended in November 2009 and in November 2012 by the Fifth National Government of New Zealand.The NZ ETS covers forestry (a net sink), energy (42% of total 2012 emissions), industry (7% of total 2012 emissions) and waste (5% of total 2012 emissions) but not pastoral agriculture (46% of 2012 total emissions). Participants in the NZ ETS must surrender one emission unit (either an international 'Kyoto' unit or a New Zealand-issued unit) for every two tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions reported or they may choose to buy NZ units from the government at a fixed price of NZ$25.Individual sectors of the economy have different entry dates when their obligations to report emissions and surrender emission units take effect. Forestry, which contributed net removals of 17.5 Mts of CO2e in 2010 (19% of NZ's 2008 emissions,) entered the NZ ETS on 1 January 2008. The stationary energy, industrial processes and liquid fossil fuel sectors entered the NZ ETS on 1 July 2010. The waste sector (landfill operators) entered on 1 January 2013. From November 2009, methane and nitrous oxide emissions from pastoral agriculture were scheduled to be included in the NZ ETS from 1 January 2015. However, agriculture was indefinitely excluded from the NZ ETS in 2013. The NZ ETS is highly linked to international carbon markets as it allows the importing of most of the Kyoto Protocol emission units. It also creates a specific domestic unit; the 'New Zealand Unit' (NZU), which will be issued by free allocation to emitters, with no auctions intended in the short term. Free allocation of NZUs will vary by sector. The commercial fishery sector (who are not participants) will receive a free allocation of units on a historic basis. Owners of pre-1990 forests will receive a fixed free allocation of units. Free allocation to emissions-intensive industry, will be provided on an output-intensity basis. For this sector, there is no set limit on the number of units that may be allocated. The number of units allocated to eligible emitters will be based on the average emissions per unit of output within a defined 'activity'. Bertram and Terry (2010, p 16) state that as the NZ ETS does not 'cap' emissions, the NZ ETS is not a cap and trade scheme as understood in the economics literature.Some stakeholders have criticized the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme for its generous free allocations of emission units and the lack of a carbon price signal (the Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment), and for being ineffective in reducing emissions (Greenpeace Aotearoa New Zealand).The NZ ETS was reviewed in late 2011 by an independent panel, which reported to the public in September 2011. In response, the NZ ETS was amended in November 2012.