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CHAPTER I
CHAPTER I

... While genetic causes of schizophrenia have been supported with evidence from behavioral genetics research, environmental factors can be just as important. Often 50 percent or more of the variance among individuals is due to nongenetic factors. One goal of psychologists is to study the “nonshared” a ...
Quantitative Genomics slides
Quantitative Genomics slides

... Questions for the Study of 1) Is this trait influenced by genetic factors? How strong are these genetic influences? 2) Which traits are influenced by the same genes? 3) Where are the genes that influence a trait? 4) What are the specific genes that influence the trait? 5) What specific genetic vari ...
Chapter 3 Nature
Chapter 3 Nature

... • To summarize the countless amount of studies: Twins (especially identical), whether or not they are raised in the same environment are very much alike in many ways. ...
Heredity and Environment
Heredity and Environment

... • There is no schizo-gene, or depression gene, or leadership gene • Most psychological traits are complex, depending on… – Multiple genes interacting – Numerous environmental effects ...
03-Study Guide
03-Study Guide

... #2-Discuss the human genome and elaborate on the differences between genotype and phenotype. ...
definition - Humble ISD
definition - Humble ISD

... -Another name for heterozygous, alleles for a trait are different - Allele that will show its effect on the phenotype only when two of the same alleles are present in ...
Ch.03 Nature Nurture
Ch.03 Nature Nurture

... Evolutionary Psychology E.g. Men more likely than women to initiate casual sex. Why? Biologically, it is a more successful reproductive strategy for men than women. ...
DNA and Gene Expression
DNA and Gene Expression

... • QTL mapping and knockout studies identify 5 genes for dopamine D2 receptor – Each gene accounts for 20 minutes of sleep; five about 130 minutes of total 170 minute difference between LS and SS ...
3-8-heredity_and_environment
3-8-heredity_and_environment

... about 40% of the individual differences that we observe in, say, shyness may in some way be attributable to genetic individual difference. • It does NOT mean that 40% of any person's shyness is due to his/her genes and the other 60% is due to his/her environment. ...
Genetics - MrGalusha.org
Genetics - MrGalusha.org

... about 40% of the individual differences that we observe in, say, shyness may in some way be attributable to genetic individual difference. • It does NOT mean that 40% of any person's shyness is due to his/her genes and the other 60% is due to his/her environment. ...
ANS 95433 Animal Breeding - An
ANS 95433 Animal Breeding - An

... 5. --------- Standard error of the heritability estimate from the regression of offspring on one parent is equal to the standard error of the regression coefficient. 6. --------- At a biallelic locus with no dominance, the additive variance is maximum when allele frequency is 0.5. 7. --------- Three ...
Nature VS nurture
Nature VS nurture

... likelihood toward certain characteristics Does not mean “Born with” Usually needs something from the environment to activate- (diathesis-stress model) Common genetic predispositions….body weight-alcoholismAlzheimer’s-Schizophrenia ...
Quantitative Genetics
Quantitative Genetics

... A heritability index close to 1.0 indicates that environmental conditions had little impact on phenotypic variation in the population observed. A heritability index close to 0 indicates that environmental conditions were almost solely responsible for the phenotypic variation observed in the sample p ...
The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance
The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance

... range of phenotypes can be accounted for by cumulative effect of many alleles. Polygenes: Additive allele; nonadditive allele 1 phenotypic traits can be measured eg. weight or height 2 two or more loci (genes) could account for phenotype in an additive or cumulative way 3 each loci may be occupied b ...
Biol 258: PP seminar
Biol 258: PP seminar

... b. Evolution: need genetic variation for trait.  Deals with variation: not genetic, not environmental, but interaction. Must take account of both  Plasticity is property of genotype. GxE property of population.  What are consequences for evolution?  What are consequences for heritability? c. Cha ...
Study Material
Study Material

... As shown in Figure 24.3b, Nilsson-Ehle discovered that the colors fell into a 1:4:6:4:1 ratio He concluded that this species is diploid for two different genes that control hull color ...
2.2 To what extent does genetics influence behavior?
2.2 To what extent does genetics influence behavior?

...  Evolutionary Psychologist attempt to explain how certain human behaviors explain the development of our species over time.  Natural selection does not select the behavior – it only selects the mechanisms that produces the ...
BSC 219
BSC 219

... One standard deviation from mean covers 66% of area Two standard deviations from mean covers 95% of area Three standard deviations from mean covers 99% of area Correlation Correlation: when two characteristics are correlated, a change in one characteristic is likely to be associated with a change in ...
SR6e Chapter 3
SR6e Chapter 3

... Single gene-pair inheritance ◦ Dominant gene = dominant trait ◦ Recessive genes  Trait expressed if paired with a similar gene (Homozygous)  Trait not expressed if paired with dissimilar gene (Heterozygous) ◦ Recessive traits: homozygous recessive ◦ Dominant traits: hetero or homozygous gene pair ...
identical versus fraternal twins
identical versus fraternal twins

... Genetic ...
Nature vs Nurture and Psychological Development
Nature vs Nurture and Psychological Development

... became known as the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test.  Studies have shown that twins who were raised in different homes have a statistically significant similarity in their IQs.  Studies have also shown that environmental factors such as nutrition and schooling can influence IQ scores. ...
Heredity and Environment
Heredity and Environment

... • Behavioral genetics: study of extent to ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... trait the other will also have it. • It tells us if a trait is inherited. ...
Module 03_lecture
Module 03_lecture

... from a single fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical organisms • Called monozygotic twins ...
Psychology - HGunnWikiMHS
Psychology - HGunnWikiMHS

... single fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical organisms • Called monozygotic twins ...
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Heritability of IQ

Research on heritability of IQ infers from the similarity of IQ in closely related persons the proportion of variance of IQ among individuals in a study population that is associated with genetic variation within that population. This provides a maximum estimate of genetic versus environmental influence for phenotypic variation in IQ in that population. ""Heritability"", in this sense, ""refers to the genetic contribution to variance within a population and in a specific environment"". There has been significant controversy in the academic community about the heritability of IQ since research on the issue began in the late nineteenth century. Intelligence in the normal range is a polygenic trait. However, certain single gene genetic disorders can severely affect intelligence, with phenylketonuria as an example.Estimates in the academic research of the heritability of IQ have varied from below 0.5 to a high of 0.8 (where 1.0 indicates that monozygotic twins have no variance in IQ and 0 indicates that their IQs are completely uncorrelated). Some studies have found that heritability is lower in families of low socioeconomic status. IQ heritability increases during early childhood, but it is unclear whether it stabilizes thereafter. A 1996 statement by the American Psychological Association gave about 0.45 for children and about .75 during and after adolescence. A 2004 meta-analysis of reports in Current Directions in Psychological Science gave an overall estimate of around 0.85 for 18-year-olds and older. The general figure for heritability of IQ is about 0.5 across multiple studies in varying populations. Recent studies suggest that family environment (i.e., upbringing) has negligible long-lasting effects upon adult IQ.
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