CHANGES IN EVENTS and CHANGES IN THINGS
... seems satisfied with this-past, present and future, he says "do exist in some sort, in the soul, but otherwhere do I not see them" ( 26) . But sometimes he seems far from content with this-that which we remember and anticipate, he says, is different from these signs, and is tzot present (23,24)-and, ...
... seems satisfied with this-past, present and future, he says "do exist in some sort, in the soul, but otherwhere do I not see them" ( 26) . But sometimes he seems far from content with this-that which we remember and anticipate, he says, is different from these signs, and is tzot present (23,24)-and, ...
GENITIVE: a noun is put into the genitive case if it is being used to
... certain circumstances without a preposition. Obj of Prep Example: Put your faith in Flavia. Fidem in Flavia pone. By/With/in/from Example: Take it from Flavia. Flavia id cape. ...
... certain circumstances without a preposition. Obj of Prep Example: Put your faith in Flavia. Fidem in Flavia pone. By/With/in/from Example: Take it from Flavia. Flavia id cape. ...
Nouns and Noun Phrases: Grammatical Variation and Language
... attaches NP to a sister category in others, and so on. The positioning of these items within the NP also exhibits considerable variation. The grammatical rules generating them must sometimes guarantee their presence, sometimes their absence, in ways that require numerous formal stipulations and comp ...
... attaches NP to a sister category in others, and so on. The positioning of these items within the NP also exhibits considerable variation. The grammatical rules generating them must sometimes guarantee their presence, sometimes their absence, in ways that require numerous formal stipulations and comp ...
pronoun
... when the pronouns are direct or indirect objects of verbs. Megan asked her for a copy of the report. My friend gave him my e-mail address. The e-mail security presentation impressed Noberto and me. ...
... when the pronouns are direct or indirect objects of verbs. Megan asked her for a copy of the report. My friend gave him my e-mail address. The e-mail security presentation impressed Noberto and me. ...
A Universal Feature Schema for Rich
... The first step in constructing the universal feature schema was to identify the dimensions of meaning (e.g., case, number, tense, mood, etc.) that are expressed by overt, affixal inflectional morphology in the world’s languages. These were identified by surveying the linguistic typology literature o ...
... The first step in constructing the universal feature schema was to identify the dimensions of meaning (e.g., case, number, tense, mood, etc.) that are expressed by overt, affixal inflectional morphology in the world’s languages. These were identified by surveying the linguistic typology literature o ...
1 Introduction 2 Indirect objects in Greek
... English double object/oblique dative constructions, it is tempting to analyze the Greek periphrastic dative as the analogue of the English oblique dative, and genitive indirect objects as parallel to English double objects. Such an analysis was argued for by Catsimali (1990), and is apparently assum ...
... English double object/oblique dative constructions, it is tempting to analyze the Greek periphrastic dative as the analogue of the English oblique dative, and genitive indirect objects as parallel to English double objects. Such an analysis was argued for by Catsimali (1990), and is apparently assum ...
Dative Clitics and Case Licensing in Standard and Macedonian Greek
... English double object/oblique dative constructions, it is tempting to analyze the Greek periphrastic dative as the analogue of the English oblique dative, and genitive indirect objects as parallel to English double objects. Such an analysis was argued for by Catsimali (1990), and is apparently assum ...
... English double object/oblique dative constructions, it is tempting to analyze the Greek periphrastic dative as the analogue of the English oblique dative, and genitive indirect objects as parallel to English double objects. Such an analysis was argued for by Catsimali (1990), and is apparently assum ...
HSK Grammatical relations Primus
... subject position, as in earlier generative approaches. A subject in the specifier of TP can also be motivated by the EPP-feature, in which event it may not be case-marked or agreeing as a canonical subject (cf. Adger 2003, Chap. 6). In sum, a clear tendency in the treatment of grammatical relations ...
... subject position, as in earlier generative approaches. A subject in the specifier of TP can also be motivated by the EPP-feature, in which event it may not be case-marked or agreeing as a canonical subject (cf. Adger 2003, Chap. 6). In sum, a clear tendency in the treatment of grammatical relations ...
Inflectional morphology
... agreement, but the more general notion of feminine gender, which mostly includes nouns without such a suffix (e.g., Schule ‘school’ would trigger exactly the same determiner and adjective forms in 1b as Lehrerin.). Other examples of inflectional categories sensitive to syntax are case assignment (go ...
... agreement, but the more general notion of feminine gender, which mostly includes nouns without such a suffix (e.g., Schule ‘school’ would trigger exactly the same determiner and adjective forms in 1b as Lehrerin.). Other examples of inflectional categories sensitive to syntax are case assignment (go ...
The Special Datives
... 1. Indirect Object of give, tell, show verbs 2. Dative with Special Adjectives friendly to, unfriendly to, similar to, dissimilar to, equal to, suitable for, near to, dear to, pleasing to, etc. 3. Dative with Special Intransitive Verbs parco, mando, impero, ...
... 1. Indirect Object of give, tell, show verbs 2. Dative with Special Adjectives friendly to, unfriendly to, similar to, dissimilar to, equal to, suitable for, near to, dear to, pleasing to, etc. 3. Dative with Special Intransitive Verbs parco, mando, impero, ...
Lesson 6 - InTheBeginning.org
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Keys to the Exercises
... P. Umintë merë hlaritas. The word order is certainly somewhat flexible; the adverbs in M, N, and O could probably also follow the verb (e.g. hostanentë lintavë for "they swiftly gathered"). Cf. my own key to I. But when an object or an infinitive is to follow, I find it slightly awkward to separate ...
... P. Umintë merë hlaritas. The word order is certainly somewhat flexible; the adverbs in M, N, and O could probably also follow the verb (e.g. hostanentë lintavë for "they swiftly gathered"). Cf. my own key to I. But when an object or an infinitive is to follow, I find it slightly awkward to separate ...
The Case for Case - UC Berkeley Linguistics
... Note that in one case the object is understood as existing antecedently to John’s activities, while in the other case its existence resulted from John’s activities. Having depended so far on only ‘introspective evidence’, we might be inclined to say that the distinction is purely a semantic one, one ...
... Note that in one case the object is understood as existing antecedently to John’s activities, while in the other case its existence resulted from John’s activities. Having depended so far on only ‘introspective evidence’, we might be inclined to say that the distinction is purely a semantic one, one ...
Dative Plural
... Nominative Plural Genitive Plural Dative Plural Accusative Plural Ablative Plural Vocative Plural ...
... Nominative Plural Genitive Plural Dative Plural Accusative Plural Ablative Plural Vocative Plural ...
Case, 20 Years Later* Yen-hui Audrey Li
... These issues have been debated in many works, which we will not repeat here. Interested readers are referred to Ernst (1988, 1994, 2003a,b), Y. Li (1997a), Y.-H. A. Li (1985, 1987, 1990), Paul (1988, 1996, 1999, 2005), Tang (1990, 1993a,b, 1994), Tsai (1994, 1995), among many others. Nonetheless, it ...
... These issues have been debated in many works, which we will not repeat here. Interested readers are referred to Ernst (1988, 1994, 2003a,b), Y. Li (1997a), Y.-H. A. Li (1985, 1987, 1990), Paul (1988, 1996, 1999, 2005), Tang (1990, 1993a,b, 1994), Tsai (1994, 1995), among many others. Nonetheless, it ...
draft - University of Delaware
... The Conjunct Order is exclusively suffixal. The suffix that a third person subject of an intransitive verb triggers in (4a) is the same as that triggered by the subject of a transitive verb in (4c), -htit in these examples. The object of a transitive verb is generally not marked in the Conjunct Orde ...
... The Conjunct Order is exclusively suffixal. The suffix that a third person subject of an intransitive verb triggers in (4a) is the same as that triggered by the subject of a transitive verb in (4c), -htit in these examples. The object of a transitive verb is generally not marked in the Conjunct Orde ...
Case Assignment in Basque - University of the Basque Country
... Levin, who examines Warlpiri, Dyirbal and Basque at length, concludes that Basque is an accusative language as defined by 'the Ergativity Hypothesis 2. (1) Bossong (1984) explains certain irregularities in the morphology of the auxiliary for some combinations of ,absolutive and ergative marking in t ...
... Levin, who examines Warlpiri, Dyirbal and Basque at length, concludes that Basque is an accusative language as defined by 'the Ergativity Hypothesis 2. (1) Bossong (1984) explains certain irregularities in the morphology of the auxiliary for some combinations of ,absolutive and ergative marking in t ...
The Indo-European Languages Anna Giacalone Ramat, Paolo
... early Indo-European morphology is exacerbated by the fact that the major parts of speech fall into inflectional classes, such that the same combination of morphemes often finds different expression in different inflectional classes: thus, genitive singular can also be realized in Latin as -ae (e.g. ...
... early Indo-European morphology is exacerbated by the fact that the major parts of speech fall into inflectional classes, such that the same combination of morphemes often finds different expression in different inflectional classes: thus, genitive singular can also be realized in Latin as -ae (e.g. ...
Mixed Categories and Argument Transfer in the Korean
... The question, then, is how the arguments in (1) are marked with verbal cases although they are semantic arguments of the main predicate which appears to be a noun. Two main types of analyses have been proposed. The first type is the argument transfer analysis proposed by Grimshaw and Mester (1988) f ...
... The question, then, is how the arguments in (1) are marked with verbal cases although they are semantic arguments of the main predicate which appears to be a noun. Two main types of analyses have been proposed. The first type is the argument transfer analysis proposed by Grimshaw and Mester (1988) f ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... The question, then, is how the arguments in (1) are marked with verbal cases although they are semantic arguments of the main predicate which appears to be a noun. Two main types of analyses have been proposed. The first type is the argument transfer analysis proposed by Grimshaw and Mester (1988) f ...
... The question, then, is how the arguments in (1) are marked with verbal cases although they are semantic arguments of the main predicate which appears to be a noun. Two main types of analyses have been proposed. The first type is the argument transfer analysis proposed by Grimshaw and Mester (1988) f ...
Ancient Greek for Everyone
... • Greek uses four cases: – Study the sentences below. – They are the same sentence as on the previous slides, but with pronouns substituted for the nouns. – Why are the sentences still wrong? – English uses case forms for personal pronouns, but not for nouns. Greek uses case forms for nearly all nou ...
... • Greek uses four cases: – Study the sentences below. – They are the same sentence as on the previous slides, but with pronouns substituted for the nouns. – Why are the sentences still wrong? – English uses case forms for personal pronouns, but not for nouns. Greek uses case forms for nearly all nou ...
Class Notes # 10c: Semantics
... “waved” could be an effect of “saw” • Coreference: linking references to the same entity. Jim bought a book. He liked it a lot. “he” = Jim, 'it' = book (and “bought” precedes “liked”) Jim bought a book. The price was good. price is a property of books (and it enables buying) Jim bought a book. He pa ...
... “waved” could be an effect of “saw” • Coreference: linking references to the same entity. Jim bought a book. He liked it a lot. “he” = Jim, 'it' = book (and “bought” precedes “liked”) Jim bought a book. The price was good. price is a property of books (and it enables buying) Jim bought a book. He pa ...
Latin for Children: Primer C
... that all nouns and adjectives have three characteristics: gender, number and case. Do you remember the options for gender? They are masculine, feminine and neuter. The options for number (which tells you how many, as you no doubt remember) are singular (one) and plural (more than one). The options f ...
... that all nouns and adjectives have three characteristics: gender, number and case. Do you remember the options for gender? They are masculine, feminine and neuter. The options for number (which tells you how many, as you no doubt remember) are singular (one) and plural (more than one). The options f ...
Grammatical case
Case is a grammatical category whose value reflects the grammatical function performed by a noun or pronoun in a phrase, clause, or sentence. In some languages, nouns, pronouns, and their modifiers take different inflected forms depending on what case they are in. English has largely lost its case system, although case distinctions can still be seen with the personal pronouns: forms such as I, he and we are used in the role of subject (""I kicked the ball""), while forms such as me, him and us are used in the role of object (""John kicked me"").Languages such as Ancient Greek, Latin, Sanskrit, Hungarian, Tamil, Russian, Polish, Ukrainian, Serbo-Croatian, Czech, Slovak, Finnish, Latvian and Lithuanian have extensive case systems, with nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and determiners all inflecting (usually by means of different suffixes) to indicate their case. A language may have a number of different cases (Romanian has five, Latin and Russian each have at least six; Polish, Czech, and Serbo-Croatian, Latvian and Lithuanian have 7; Finnish has 15, Hungarian has 18). Commonly encountered cases include nominative, accusative, dative, and genitive. A role that one of these languages marks by case will often be marked in English using a preposition. For example, the English prepositional phrase with (his) foot (as in ""John kicked the ball with his foot"") might be rendered in Russian using a single noun in the instrumental case, or in Ancient Greek as τῷ ποδί tōi podi, meaning ""the foot"" with both words (the definite article, and the noun πούς pous, ""foot"") changing to dative form.As a language evolves, cases can merge (for instance in Ancient Greek genitive and dative have merged as genitive), a phenomenon formally called syncretism.More formally, case has been defined as ""a system of marking dependent nouns for the type of relationship they bear to their heads."" Cases should be distinguished from thematic roles such as agent and patient. They are often closely related, and in languages such as Latin several thematic roles have an associated case, but cases are a morphological notion, while thematic roles are a semantic one. Languages having cases often exhibit free word order, since thematic roles are not required to be marked by position in the sentence.