Neuroethology of reward and decision making
... assign value to sensory stimuli (Schultz et al. 2000). Value signals in these areas may inform processing in areas such as dorsolateral prefrontal and parietal cortices, which eventually transform that information into motor output (Gold & Shadlen 2001; Sugrue et al. 2004). For example, Platt & Glim ...
... assign value to sensory stimuli (Schultz et al. 2000). Value signals in these areas may inform processing in areas such as dorsolateral prefrontal and parietal cortices, which eventually transform that information into motor output (Gold & Shadlen 2001; Sugrue et al. 2004). For example, Platt & Glim ...
Adaptation of Sucrose Metabolism in the Escherichia coli Wild
... genes might have been transferred relatively recently to the E. coli wild-type EC3132 at around the time when the different strains of the enteric bacteria diverged. We found evidence that a mobile genetic element, which used the gene argW for site-specific integration into the chromosome, was proba ...
... genes might have been transferred relatively recently to the E. coli wild-type EC3132 at around the time when the different strains of the enteric bacteria diverged. We found evidence that a mobile genetic element, which used the gene argW for site-specific integration into the chromosome, was proba ...
Exploitation of genes affecting meiotic non
... and tightly regulated to ensure the success of each meiotic step. The normal pattern of meiosis can be drastically modified by inherited variations (i.e. meiotic mutations), which may operate at each stage, starting from the initiation of premeiotic DNA synthesis. These meiotic defects can be detrim ...
... and tightly regulated to ensure the success of each meiotic step. The normal pattern of meiosis can be drastically modified by inherited variations (i.e. meiotic mutations), which may operate at each stage, starting from the initiation of premeiotic DNA synthesis. These meiotic defects can be detrim ...
Recent Advances in the Genetics of Autism
... variation. There are several reasonable alternatives that could alone or in combination account for the relatively high population frequency of ASDs as well as for the large observed difference between the concordance rates for monozygotic and dizygotic twins. These might include a high rate of de n ...
... variation. There are several reasonable alternatives that could alone or in combination account for the relatively high population frequency of ASDs as well as for the large observed difference between the concordance rates for monozygotic and dizygotic twins. These might include a high rate of de n ...
Inactivation of Antibiotics and the Dissemination of
... has created enormous pressure for the selection of antibiotic resistance traits. In this brief review, I propose to survey the mechanisms by which antibiotics may be altered (detoxified) in resistant strains and the means by which these evolved resistance processes have been disseminated throughout ...
... has created enormous pressure for the selection of antibiotic resistance traits. In this brief review, I propose to survey the mechanisms by which antibiotics may be altered (detoxified) in resistant strains and the means by which these evolved resistance processes have been disseminated throughout ...
Gene as the unit of genetic material - E
... envelope is known as the cytoplasm. It forms most essential part of the cell because it is seat of all biosynthetic and bio energetic functions. Most of the phenotypic characters are controlled by the genes present in the chromosomes but some characters are expressed by the factors present in the cy ...
... envelope is known as the cytoplasm. It forms most essential part of the cell because it is seat of all biosynthetic and bio energetic functions. Most of the phenotypic characters are controlled by the genes present in the chromosomes but some characters are expressed by the factors present in the cy ...
Molecular studies of major depressive disorder
... example, it has been shown that the risk of schizophrenia does not decrease if a child born to an affected parent is raised in a healthy family.34 Another problem is that while certain environmental factors such as serious illness, divorce, violent crime and sexual assault are strongly correlated wi ...
... example, it has been shown that the risk of schizophrenia does not decrease if a child born to an affected parent is raised in a healthy family.34 Another problem is that while certain environmental factors such as serious illness, divorce, violent crime and sexual assault are strongly correlated wi ...
Genome-Wide Dissection of Hybrid Sterility in
... Since the AFLP technique was described (Vos et al. 1995), several studies have successfully used it as a rapid blind method for isolating molecular markers to saturate genetic maps. Perhaps the most important advantage of AFLPs markers is that they combine accuracy and reproducibility with their cap ...
... Since the AFLP technique was described (Vos et al. 1995), several studies have successfully used it as a rapid blind method for isolating molecular markers to saturate genetic maps. Perhaps the most important advantage of AFLPs markers is that they combine accuracy and reproducibility with their cap ...
PhenoLink - a web-tool for linking phenotype Lactobacillus plantarum strains
... We also used PhenoLink with S. pneumoniae gene essentiality data to identify 10 genes that were found to be significant from a genomic array footprinting experiment [14] and that were experimentally proven to be significantly attenuated during meningitis infection. A ratio-based analysis of signals ...
... We also used PhenoLink with S. pneumoniae gene essentiality data to identify 10 genes that were found to be significant from a genomic array footprinting experiment [14] and that were experimentally proven to be significantly attenuated during meningitis infection. A ratio-based analysis of signals ...
COGNITIVE LEVELS OF EVOLUTION
... vicariousness and hierarchy. At the lower levels of evolution knowledge and values can in fact not be separated. It is only at a higher, "rational" level that the traditional dichotomy between "facts" and "values" becomes meaningful. The main difficulty in founding an ethics based on the concept of ...
... vicariousness and hierarchy. At the lower levels of evolution knowledge and values can in fact not be separated. It is only at a higher, "rational" level that the traditional dichotomy between "facts" and "values" becomes meaningful. The main difficulty in founding an ethics based on the concept of ...
Why Mitochondrial Genes are Most Often Found in Nuclei
... since it can be generated at many sites and in many ways, while reversion through back mutations for any one such mutant can occur only at one (or at most a few) sites. For completeness, we consider also the possibility of gene transfer from the nucleus to the mitochondria with rate c2. Thorsness an ...
... since it can be generated at many sites and in many ways, while reversion through back mutations for any one such mutant can occur only at one (or at most a few) sites. For completeness, we consider also the possibility of gene transfer from the nucleus to the mitochondria with rate c2. Thorsness an ...
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
... the face, pharyngeal arches, heart, peripheral nervous system, and melanocytes, also appears to be a vertebrate invention. The vertebrate heart, vasculature, kidney, and gut derivatives such as pancreas, have no clear Drosophila cognates, although elements may have emerged in invertebrates by conver ...
... the face, pharyngeal arches, heart, peripheral nervous system, and melanocytes, also appears to be a vertebrate invention. The vertebrate heart, vasculature, kidney, and gut derivatives such as pancreas, have no clear Drosophila cognates, although elements may have emerged in invertebrates by conver ...
Bayesian Partition Models for Identifying Expression Quantitative
... of expression levels of certain genes. By assaying gene expressions and genetic variations simultaneously on a genome-wide scale, scientists wish to discover genomic loci responsible for expression variations of a set of genes. The task can be viewed as a multivariate regression problem with variabl ...
... of expression levels of certain genes. By assaying gene expressions and genetic variations simultaneously on a genome-wide scale, scientists wish to discover genomic loci responsible for expression variations of a set of genes. The task can be viewed as a multivariate regression problem with variabl ...
ppt
... IV. Exploratory Behavior V. Physiology and Evolution - stress can reveal new phenotypes - "norm of reaction" - (cloned plants raised in different environments will look different, as a result of different physiological responses and gene action.) - Initially, this response is phenotypic and probably ...
... IV. Exploratory Behavior V. Physiology and Evolution - stress can reveal new phenotypes - "norm of reaction" - (cloned plants raised in different environments will look different, as a result of different physiological responses and gene action.) - Initially, this response is phenotypic and probably ...
The Maintenance and Propagation of Plasmid Genes in Bacterial
... know what they are. This is largely because of their use as biological tools - mainly for in vitro genetic manipulation, but also for in vitro and in vivo investigations of DNA replication and recombination. My particular interest is the ‘natural history’ of plasmids : what they are, how they behave ...
... know what they are. This is largely because of their use as biological tools - mainly for in vitro genetic manipulation, but also for in vitro and in vivo investigations of DNA replication and recombination. My particular interest is the ‘natural history’ of plasmids : what they are, how they behave ...
The Neural Architecture Underlying Habit Learning: An Evolving
... all share in rituals and habits that are social and even societal. These rituals are like threads running through the history of mankind (Fig. 1); once shared as cultural habits, they can have great power. As I began this work, and decided to do particular experiments, I was delighted by unexpected ...
... all share in rituals and habits that are social and even societal. These rituals are like threads running through the history of mankind (Fig. 1); once shared as cultural habits, they can have great power. As I began this work, and decided to do particular experiments, I was delighted by unexpected ...
Evolution of Coloration Patterns
... mutations were mapped, and the causative (i.e., mutated) genes were identified and cloned. We briefly discuss some of the major players in the pigmentation pathways of these three model systems (focusing on those that have been further studied in nonmodel systems) and then discuss nonmodel systems. In ...
... mutations were mapped, and the causative (i.e., mutated) genes were identified and cloned. We briefly discuss some of the major players in the pigmentation pathways of these three model systems (focusing on those that have been further studied in nonmodel systems) and then discuss nonmodel systems. In ...
Professor Anthony Monaco - AWARES, the All Wales Autism Resource
... 17 de novo CNVs (10 found in both ASP) 18 CNVs overlap ASD-related rearrangements Numerous overlapping/recurrent CNVs Families with transmission of maternal 15q gains ...
... 17 de novo CNVs (10 found in both ASP) 18 CNVs overlap ASD-related rearrangements Numerous overlapping/recurrent CNVs Families with transmission of maternal 15q gains ...
Course Objectives
... absence. Students who miss more than fifteen (15) minutes of a class will be marked absent. A student who leaves the classroom without the instructor’s permission will be marked absent. HCC recognizes two types of excused absences: those for personal emergencies, and those for official school activi ...
... absence. Students who miss more than fifteen (15) minutes of a class will be marked absent. A student who leaves the classroom without the instructor’s permission will be marked absent. HCC recognizes two types of excused absences: those for personal emergencies, and those for official school activi ...
The Maintenance and Propagation of Plasmid Genes in Bacterial
... know what they are. This is largely because of their use as biological tools - mainly for in vitro genetic manipulation, but also for in vitro and in vivo investigations of DNA replication and recombination. My particular interest is the ‘natural history’ of plasmids : what they are, how they behave ...
... know what they are. This is largely because of their use as biological tools - mainly for in vitro genetic manipulation, but also for in vitro and in vivo investigations of DNA replication and recombination. My particular interest is the ‘natural history’ of plasmids : what they are, how they behave ...
Document
... The response of the autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of the BarA, Uvry and the expression of the gene respectively show that the system is stable and under any conditions it should respond well. ...
... The response of the autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of the BarA, Uvry and the expression of the gene respectively show that the system is stable and under any conditions it should respond well. ...
Selection against Accumulating Mutations in Niche
... Our current understanding of sympatric speciation is that it occurs primarily through disruptive selection on ecological genes driven by competition, followed by reproductive isolation through reinforcement-like selection against inferior intermediates/heterozygotes. Our evolutionary model of select ...
... Our current understanding of sympatric speciation is that it occurs primarily through disruptive selection on ecological genes driven by competition, followed by reproductive isolation through reinforcement-like selection against inferior intermediates/heterozygotes. Our evolutionary model of select ...
Classifying Gene Expression Data using an Evolutionary Algorithm
... in labelling or detecting fluorescent dyes, and systematic biases in the expression level measurements (Quckenbush, 2002). Many of these factors make distinctions between differentially and constantly expressed genes difficult. The normalization process must be done on with the log-ratio values befo ...
... in labelling or detecting fluorescent dyes, and systematic biases in the expression level measurements (Quckenbush, 2002). Many of these factors make distinctions between differentially and constantly expressed genes difficult. The normalization process must be done on with the log-ratio values befo ...