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The eyeless homeodomain is dispensable for eye development in
The eyeless homeodomain is dispensable for eye development in

... both inactivating the eye-specific enhancer, result in partial to complete loss of compound eyes (Quiring et al. 1994). The early expression pattern of toy and ey and the mutant phenotypes of ey suggest that Pax-6 is also a crucial regulator of the development of the insect eye. Gain-of-function exp ...
Gene prediction and Genome Annotation
Gene prediction and Genome Annotation

... • Raw sequence data is not useful for most biologists • To be meaningful to them it has to be converted into biological significant knowledge : markers, genes, mRNAs, protein sequences • Annotation is the first step toward this knowledge acquisition ProCoGen Dissemination Workshop, Riga, 5 nov 2013 ...
Emerging model systems in evo-devo: cavefish and microevolution
Emerging model systems in evo-devo: cavefish and microevolution

... originally collected from La Cueva Chica are often available for purchase in pet stores, but not recommended for research because of their extensive hybrid background. In this article, unless another population is named specifically, reference to cavefish will imply the Pachón population, which has b ...
graphBAM and MultiGraph classes.
graphBAM and MultiGraph classes.

... graph package. The adjacency matrix in the graphBAM class is represented as a bit array using a raw vector. This significantly reduces the memory occupied by graphs having a large number of nodes. The bit vector representation also provides advantages in terms of performing operations such as inters ...
Human olfaction: from genomic variation to phenotypic diversity
Human olfaction: from genomic variation to phenotypic diversity

... complete inactivation (segregating pseudogenes). Such events, which can reach high population frequencies owing to relaxed purifying selection in multi-receptor repertoires, are perfect candidates to underlie the variability in olfactory sensitivity and perception among humans. Other terms, such as ...
Extensive post-transcriptional regulation of miRNAs within
Extensive post-transcriptional regulation of miRNAs within

... differentiation. Consequently it is not surprising that disruption of miRNA synthesis plays an important role in various human diseases including cancer. The biogenesis of miRNAs lends itself to regulation at several stages, from transcription of the miRNA gene to post-transcriptional control of pri ...
Dosyayı İndir
Dosyayı İndir

... In 1961, Mary Lyon proposed that dosage compensation in mammals occurs by the inactivation of a single X chromosome in females Copyright ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display ...
to Sample Chapter
to Sample Chapter

... experiments on garden pea and made a conclusion that genes come in pairs and inherited as distinct units, one from each parent. Mendel tracked the segregation of genes and their appearance in the offspring as dominant or recessive trait. He also found out the mathematical patterns of inheritance fro ...
Interactions Between Genes Controlling Pathogenicity in the Flax
Interactions Between Genes Controlling Pathogenicity in the Flax

... segregating in these studies are different genes, it would seem, with the exception of five resistance genes that remain untested, that the pathogen possesses an avirulence gene specific and complementary to each of the resistance genes in the host. This one-for-one relationship, first elucidated by ...
Coin Child Lab – Answer Sheet
Coin Child Lab – Answer Sheet

... dominant gene. A gene that is hidden is a recessive gene. Dominant genes are written as capital letters while recessive genes are written as lowercase letters. Genotype shows the genes that have been passed along while phenotype is the actual observable trait that is the result of the genotype. If t ...
cluster analysis I
cluster analysis I

... Identify differentially expressed genes ...
Meet the Gene Machine
Meet the Gene Machine

... Most disadvantages are to do with the way the results of the test can change a person's life. Psychological impact: The emotions roused by learning that you are likely to develop a disease can be very stressful. Many people in families with a history of a disease have already seen close relatives st ...
Suicide and cognitive distortions Samomor in kognitivna
Suicide and cognitive distortions Samomor in kognitivna

... his own life, and considers himself unworthy of life, and seeing him/herself in a negative light. The negative self-view (Zöld, Tringer & Papp, 1980) is essentially a distorted system of self-related attitudes. According to our hypothesis this attitude-system differs in individuals who committed the ...
Chapter 18
Chapter 18

... Temperate Phages - Phages that can do both lytic and lysogenic methods of reproduction Ex. Lambda (λ) phage ...
A Mathematical Theory of Natural and Artificial Selection Part X
A Mathematical Theory of Natural and Artificial Selection Part X

... bred from in any generation to the exclusion of the other it is clear that in any generation the ratio of dominant to recessive genes will be the same in all the k loci, apart from differences due to the smallness of the sample. This is so however the population is derived, whether it is an Fz, a ba ...
Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)
Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

... 1. Go to Search beneath the MGI logo on the upper left hand side of an MGI web page and select Expression —> Gene Expression Data Query. 2. In the Genes section of the page, use the right hand field and type: cell adhesion and select the term from the list. Note that the number of genes annotated to ...
BIO 101 Lab OBJECTIVES
BIO 101 Lab OBJECTIVES

... 1. Define dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis and understand both processes. 2. Know how positive and negative controls are used. 3. Know the subunits that make up these 4 groups: carbohydrates (monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides), proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. 4. Know what th ...
Tearing down barriers: understanding the
Tearing down barriers: understanding the

... frequency of ~0.5% per gamete, suggesting a high potential for frequent polyploid formation (Ramsey and Schemske, 1998; Brownfield and Köhler, 2011). The double fertilization process in angiosperms requires the formation of haploid (1n) male and female gametes through meiosis. During meiosis I the h ...
Smoking, Genes, and Health - The Center for Experimental Social
Smoking, Genes, and Health - The Center for Experimental Social

... Yang, Boardman, Chabris, Dawes, et al. 2014), their joint explanatory power remains modest.2 Yet the effects on health are of an altogether different scale. For example, two of our four SNPs are associated with 30% greater risk of chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD). Amongst non-smokers, we ...
werribee secondary college vce unit planner ~ 2004
werribee secondary college vce unit planner ~ 2004

... Tuesday: acquired immunity through natural and passive strategies including the nature and production of vaccines and antibody serums and their importance in maintaining immunity for a particular disease in the human population Thursday: contd. Friday: SAC 5: A poster in response to a stimulus on an ...
Identification of a Substituted Chromosome Pair in a Triticum
Identification of a Substituted Chromosome Pair in a Triticum

... The plants which were used for cytological analysis were picked at random. At metaphase I, regularly 21 11 were obtained. Out of the 150 cells examined at diakinesis and metaphase I from 6 different plants, only 2 cells failed to show the normal configuration of 21". Both of these cells had 20" and ...
W0=2, a stable aneuploid derivative of Candida
W0=2, a stable aneuploid derivative of Candida

... cycle; another is its diploid nature. The first precludes the use of classical genetic analysis to study the properties related to virulence and pathogenicity. The second makes molecular genetics much more cumbersome, since mutants made by classical means are likely to be non-isogenic with the paren ...
Genetic Approaches to Studying Genome Function
Genetic Approaches to Studying Genome Function

... double mutant to display a phenotype that is normal or near-normal. Thus, a suppressor mutation rescues or restores or repairs, in whole or in part, the defect caused by the first mutation. Examples: A nonsense mutation in a gene can be suppressed by a mutation in a tRNA gene in which the anticodon ...
PANTHER version 11: expanded annotation data from Gene
PANTHER version 11: expanded annotation data from Gene

... The worse the match, the higher the probability of a functional effect. However, this tool has not been updated since 2009 due to some large differences between PANTHER version 6.1 and version 7.0. In the interim, we have developed a new coding variant tool, that we call PSEP (positionspecific evolu ...
Evolution of the Y-Chromosome in Primates
Evolution of the Y-Chromosome in Primates

... selectively favor being “more” male. However, this phenomena does not always turn out to be completely beneficial for males as the sex differentiating traits that are being targeted via selection may also fix deleterious mutations via linkage. Purifying selection therefore acts against positive sele ...
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Biology and consumer behaviour

Consumer behaviour is the study of the motivations surrounding a purchase of a product or service. It has been linked to the field of psychology, sociology and economics in attempts to analyse when, why, where and how people purchase in the way that they do. However, little literature has considered the link between our consumption behaviour and the basics of our being, our biology. Segmentation by biological driven demographics such as sex and age are already popular and pervasive in marketing. As more knowledge and research is known, targeting based on a consumers biology is of growing interest and use to marketers.As human machines being made up of cells controlled by our brain to influence aspects of our behaviour, there must be some influence of biology on our consumer behaviour and how we purchase as well. The nature versus nurture debate is at the core of how much biology influences these buying decisions, because it argues the extent to which biological factors influence what we do, and how much is reflected through environmental factors. Neuromarketing is of interest to marketers in measuring the reaction of stimulus to marketing. Even though we know there is a reaction, the question of why we consume the way we do still lingers, but it is a step in the right direction. Biology helps to understand consumer behaviour as it influences consumption and aids in the measurement of it.Lawson and Wooliscroft (2004) drew the link between human nature and the marketing concept, not explicitly biology, where they considered the contrasting views of Hobbes and Rousseau on mankind. Hobbes believed man had a self-serving nature whereas Rousseau was more forgiving towards the nature of man, suggesting them to be noble and dignified. Hobbes saw the need for a governing intermediary to control this selfish nature which provided a basis for the exchange theory, and also links to Mcgregor’s Theory of X and Y, relevant to management literature. He also considered cooperation and competition, relevant to game theory as an explanation of man’s motives and can be used for understanding the exercising of power in marketing channels. Pinker outlines why the nature debate has been suppressed by the nurture debate in his book The Blank Slate.
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