Topic 4 - Lloyd Crosby
... Equations in which the reactants and products are written as if they were molecular substances, that is, without regard for whether they are an electrolyte, even though they may in fact exist in solution as ions B. Complete ionic equations Equations written with all strong electrolytes shown as they ...
... Equations in which the reactants and products are written as if they were molecular substances, that is, without regard for whether they are an electrolyte, even though they may in fact exist in solution as ions B. Complete ionic equations Equations written with all strong electrolytes shown as they ...
full text pdf
... surSO2 in flue gas – solid sorbent system. The sorbent is face area contracts, leading to decrease of molar volume mostly calcium-type, but sodium sorbent is also applicable. of reaction products and the formation of numerous In the dry method the sorbent is injected directly into a pores at the sur ...
... surSO2 in flue gas – solid sorbent system. The sorbent is face area contracts, leading to decrease of molar volume mostly calcium-type, but sodium sorbent is also applicable. of reaction products and the formation of numerous In the dry method the sorbent is injected directly into a pores at the sur ...
Common Student Misconceptions
... • Compounds containing NO3– or C2H3O2– are soluble. • Compounds containing Cl–, Br– or I– are soluble. • Exceptions: Compounds of Ag+, Hg22+, and Pb2+. • Compounds containing SO42– are soluble. • Exceptions: Compounds of Sr2+, Ba2+, Hg22+, and Pb2+ • Compounds containing S2– are insoluble. • Excepti ...
... • Compounds containing NO3– or C2H3O2– are soluble. • Compounds containing Cl–, Br– or I– are soluble. • Exceptions: Compounds of Ag+, Hg22+, and Pb2+. • Compounds containing SO42– are soluble. • Exceptions: Compounds of Sr2+, Ba2+, Hg22+, and Pb2+ • Compounds containing S2– are insoluble. • Excepti ...
Solutions
... ‣ It’s usually about plus being attracted to minus (electrostatic attraction). ‣ Molecular Solids are held together by many types of intermolecular forces. ‣ The quick story is molecules have a negative end and a positive end. ‣ The negative end of one molecule sticks to the positive end of another. ...
... ‣ It’s usually about plus being attracted to minus (electrostatic attraction). ‣ Molecular Solids are held together by many types of intermolecular forces. ‣ The quick story is molecules have a negative end and a positive end. ‣ The negative end of one molecule sticks to the positive end of another. ...
Keq = [A] [B] [C] [D]
... Only one of these values will be possible. Looking back at our data, we started with only 4.0 mol/L of H2 . If we subtract 4.7 mol/L, we will get a negative value for concentration, which is impossible. Therefore, x=4.7 is not a realistic answer, so x=1.9 mol/L. Substitute 'x =1.9 mol/L' back up int ...
... Only one of these values will be possible. Looking back at our data, we started with only 4.0 mol/L of H2 . If we subtract 4.7 mol/L, we will get a negative value for concentration, which is impossible. Therefore, x=4.7 is not a realistic answer, so x=1.9 mol/L. Substitute 'x =1.9 mol/L' back up int ...
Chapter 4 Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry
... Chapter 4 Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Aqueous Reactions ...
... Chapter 4 Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Aqueous Reactions ...
Bulk etch characteristics of colorless LR 115 SSNTD
... roughness of the colorless LR 115 SSNTDs. The AFM used in the present project was the Autoprobe CP model from Park Scientific Instruments (1171 Borregas Avenu, Sunnyavale, CA 94089). The probe of the AFM employed was an Ultralever, with an opening angle of 10 and a length of 4 lm. Contact mode opera ...
... roughness of the colorless LR 115 SSNTDs. The AFM used in the present project was the Autoprobe CP model from Park Scientific Instruments (1171 Borregas Avenu, Sunnyavale, CA 94089). The probe of the AFM employed was an Ultralever, with an opening angle of 10 and a length of 4 lm. Contact mode opera ...
Document
... Stoichiometry is… Greek for “measuring elements” Pronounced “stoy kee ahm uh tree” Defined ...
... Stoichiometry is… Greek for “measuring elements” Pronounced “stoy kee ahm uh tree” Defined ...
Chapter 4: Reactions in Aqueous Solution
... 1) Water is a very common solvent due to its wide availability and low cost (most of our world is water). 2) Many reactions take place in aqueous solution. The term aqueous means dissolved in water. 3) Hydration of solids in Water A) Solid dissolves (falls apart) through interaction of ions with wat ...
... 1) Water is a very common solvent due to its wide availability and low cost (most of our world is water). 2) Many reactions take place in aqueous solution. The term aqueous means dissolved in water. 3) Hydration of solids in Water A) Solid dissolves (falls apart) through interaction of ions with wat ...
Atomic Polar Tensor Transferabllity and Atomic Charges kr the
... motion of the CF or CH bond. These values are in good agreement with the theoretical results. The larger differences show on the P,, and Pyy elements, which are approximately 0.12 for all molecules. They are obtained by the sum of the respective elements of the atomic and bonding tensors. Note that ...
... motion of the CF or CH bond. These values are in good agreement with the theoretical results. The larger differences show on the P,, and Pyy elements, which are approximately 0.12 for all molecules. They are obtained by the sum of the respective elements of the atomic and bonding tensors. Note that ...
KHARKOV STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
... externally in otolaryngology, stomatology and ophthalmology. It may be used for neutralization of acids got on the mucosas and integuments. Hydrogen is one of six elements – organogens (C, H, O, N, P, S), which constitute 97,4% of human body mass. Hydrogen makes up about 10 % of human body mass. Hyd ...
... externally in otolaryngology, stomatology and ophthalmology. It may be used for neutralization of acids got on the mucosas and integuments. Hydrogen is one of six elements – organogens (C, H, O, N, P, S), which constitute 97,4% of human body mass. Hydrogen makes up about 10 % of human body mass. Hyd ...
aq - Byron High School
... substances (see rules) (aq) – soluble substances (see rules) Aqueous Reactions ...
... substances (see rules) (aq) – soluble substances (see rules) Aqueous Reactions ...
Redox reactions - SALEM-Immanuel Lutheran College
... the oxidation number of an atom in a compound with polar covalent bonds is equal to the charge it would have if it existed as an ion in that compound. E.g. H Cl , since Cl is more electronegative, the presumed electrical charges and thus O.N. of Cl and H are 1 and 1 respectively. ...
... the oxidation number of an atom in a compound with polar covalent bonds is equal to the charge it would have if it existed as an ion in that compound. E.g. H Cl , since Cl is more electronegative, the presumed electrical charges and thus O.N. of Cl and H are 1 and 1 respectively. ...
Chapter 1: Aqueous Processing Systems
... One advantage of the established situation is that the student is exposed to aqueous processing in context, i.e., there can be immediate connection with the student's chosen field. Unfortunately, however, this approach to technical education is not without some disadvantages. First of all, many aqu ...
... One advantage of the established situation is that the student is exposed to aqueous processing in context, i.e., there can be immediate connection with the student's chosen field. Unfortunately, however, this approach to technical education is not without some disadvantages. First of all, many aqu ...
WIPO IPC: Internet Publication
... and a non-chemical part or aspect, the general rule is that the chemical part or aspect is covered by section C. In some of these cases, the chemical part or aspect brings with it a non-chemical one, even though purely mechanical, because this latter aspect either is essential to the operation or tr ...
... and a non-chemical part or aspect, the general rule is that the chemical part or aspect is covered by section C. In some of these cases, the chemical part or aspect brings with it a non-chemical one, even though purely mechanical, because this latter aspect either is essential to the operation or tr ...
Answer Key, Problem Set 6 – complete, with explanations
... Species with liquid or gas designations (H2O and CO2) are not strong electrolytes / not separated. The two ionic compounds in this problem are both soluble, so they ARE strong electrolytes. They are the only ones whose formulas are “separated” in the complete ionic equation. Separate each of them, s ...
... Species with liquid or gas designations (H2O and CO2) are not strong electrolytes / not separated. The two ionic compounds in this problem are both soluble, so they ARE strong electrolytes. They are the only ones whose formulas are “separated” in the complete ionic equation. Separate each of them, s ...
Chapter 4: Aqueous Solutions (Chs 4 and 5 in Jespersen, Ch4 in
... Chemical equilibrium - chemical equilibrium is the state in which both reactants and products are present in concentrations which have no further tendency to change with time. Usually, this state results when the forward reaction proceeds at the same rate as the reverse reaction. The reaction rates ...
... Chemical equilibrium - chemical equilibrium is the state in which both reactants and products are present in concentrations which have no further tendency to change with time. Usually, this state results when the forward reaction proceeds at the same rate as the reverse reaction. The reaction rates ...
Continued on Next page
... density of both solutions: 1.00 g/mL c = 4.184 J/g·˚C Ti = 21.4˚C Plan Your Strategy Step 1 Determine the total volume by adding the volumes of the two solutions. Determine the mass of the reaction mixture using the given density. Step 2 Determine the number of moles of HNO3 (or KOH) reacted. Multip ...
... density of both solutions: 1.00 g/mL c = 4.184 J/g·˚C Ti = 21.4˚C Plan Your Strategy Step 1 Determine the total volume by adding the volumes of the two solutions. Determine the mass of the reaction mixture using the given density. Step 2 Determine the number of moles of HNO3 (or KOH) reacted. Multip ...
258-261
... n the last section we saw how to use the balanced equation for a reaction to calculate the numbers of moles of reactants and products for a particular case. However, moles represent numbers of molecules, and we cannot count molecules directly. In chemistry we count by weighing. Therefore, in this se ...
... n the last section we saw how to use the balanced equation for a reaction to calculate the numbers of moles of reactants and products for a particular case. However, moles represent numbers of molecules, and we cannot count molecules directly. In chemistry we count by weighing. Therefore, in this se ...
ch 7.1 - PickIntSci
... most likely count them by the pair rather than individually. The counting units you use depend on what you are counting. For example, you might count eggs by the dozen or paper by the ream. Chemists also need practical units for counting things. Although you can describe a reaction in terms of atoms ...
... most likely count them by the pair rather than individually. The counting units you use depend on what you are counting. For example, you might count eggs by the dozen or paper by the ream. Chemists also need practical units for counting things. Although you can describe a reaction in terms of atoms ...
(General Equilibrium) Part 1
... A. Homogeneous equilibria - reactants and products are in a single phase. B. Heterogeneous equilibria - reactants and products are present in multiple phases. 1. Solids and Liquids- molar concentrations are constants. a. They can be calculated from the densities and molar masses. b. This is independ ...
... A. Homogeneous equilibria - reactants and products are in a single phase. B. Heterogeneous equilibria - reactants and products are present in multiple phases. 1. Solids and Liquids- molar concentrations are constants. a. They can be calculated from the densities and molar masses. b. This is independ ...
NH 4 1+
... So, let’s work through some problems to see how this works: 1) Pb Pb(NO3)2 + NaI I When we mix the positive ion from one compound with the ...
... So, let’s work through some problems to see how this works: 1) Pb Pb(NO3)2 + NaI I When we mix the positive ion from one compound with the ...
Double layer forces
Double layer forces occur between charged objects across liquids, typically water. This force acts over distances that are comparable to the Debye length, which is on the order of one to a few tenths of nanometers. The strength of these forces increases with the magnitude of the surface charge density (or the electrical surface potential). For two similarly charged objects, this force is repulsive and decays exponentially at larger distances, see figure. For unequally charged objects and eventually at shorted distances, these forces may also be attractive. The theory due to Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek (DLVO) combines such double layer forces together with Van der Waals forces in order to estimate the actual interaction potential between colloidal particles.An electrical double layer develops near charged surfaces (or another charged objects) in aqueous solutions. Within this double layer, the first layer corresponds to the charged surface. These charges may originate from tightly adsorbed ions, dissociated surface groups, or substituted ions within the crystal lattice. The second layer corresponds to the diffuse layer, which contains the neutralizing charge consisting of accumulated counterions and depleted coions. The resulting potential profile between these two objects leads to differences in the ionic concentrations within the gap between these objects with respect to the bulk solution. These differences generate an osmotic pressure, which generates a force between these objects.These forces are easily experienced when hands are washed with soap. Adsorbing soap molecules make the skin negatively charged, and the slippery feeling is caused by the strongly repulsive double layer forces. These forces are further relevant in many colloidal or biological systems, and may be responsible for their stability, formation of colloidal crystals, or their rheological properties.