The Role of Macrophages in Murine Intraocular - Ti
... from enucleation of the globe to eye-saving strategies like local radiation therapy (brachytherapy), thermotherapy or proton beam therapy of the tumour. In about 40% of cases of uveal melanoma metastases develop within 10 years (Singh, Shields et al. 2001). A special characteristic of intraocular me ...
... from enucleation of the globe to eye-saving strategies like local radiation therapy (brachytherapy), thermotherapy or proton beam therapy of the tumour. In about 40% of cases of uveal melanoma metastases develop within 10 years (Singh, Shields et al. 2001). A special characteristic of intraocular me ...
A - Personal.psu.edu
... time, it would be expected that cross reacting immunity would lead to immune-mediated competition that would displace one of these organisms from human populations. However, this is not what is observed with the bordetellae; both organisms are endemic in human populations, and occasionally can even ...
... time, it would be expected that cross reacting immunity would lead to immune-mediated competition that would displace one of these organisms from human populations. However, this is not what is observed with the bordetellae; both organisms are endemic in human populations, and occasionally can even ...
What makes peanuts so allergenic?
... However, peanut also contains class II food allergens. In this case, the sensitization is usually raised against pollen allergens via the respiratory tract. Due to cross-reactive IgE epitopes in peanut allergens, such molecules can cause allergic reactions as well. Usually these allergens are therma ...
... However, peanut also contains class II food allergens. In this case, the sensitization is usually raised against pollen allergens via the respiratory tract. Due to cross-reactive IgE epitopes in peanut allergens, such molecules can cause allergic reactions as well. Usually these allergens are therma ...
Innate Immune Responses to Respiratory Syncytial Virus
... mortality has been reported for the elderly above 65 years of age, which has been attributed to immune senescence. Efforts to generate an effective vaccine have thus far been unsuccessful. The innate immune system provides the first line of defense against viral pathogens with a repertoire of anatom ...
... mortality has been reported for the elderly above 65 years of age, which has been attributed to immune senescence. Efforts to generate an effective vaccine have thus far been unsuccessful. The innate immune system provides the first line of defense against viral pathogens with a repertoire of anatom ...
Probiotic characteristics of Lactobacillus acidophilus and
... Probiotic characteristics of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus paracasei and their effects on immune response and gene expression in mice ...
... Probiotic characteristics of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus paracasei and their effects on immune response and gene expression in mice ...
The Role of Antibodies in Mouse Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis
... B cell-depleting (anti-CD20) monoclonal Ab (mAb) rituximab; in addition, disease has tended to recur only with the return of detectable B cells and auto-Ab (Cambridge et al., 2002; Edwards et al., 2002). However, it is not yet clear whether these findings reflect a role for Ab or some other B cell f ...
... B cell-depleting (anti-CD20) monoclonal Ab (mAb) rituximab; in addition, disease has tended to recur only with the return of detectable B cells and auto-Ab (Cambridge et al., 2002; Edwards et al., 2002). However, it is not yet clear whether these findings reflect a role for Ab or some other B cell f ...
Differential requirement for A2a and A3 adenosine
... shock involves mostly the activation of toll-receptors on macrophages.35-37 Importantly, these different cells may differ in their repertoire of expressed adenosine receptors. The experimental data provided in this study show that A3R was essential for the inhibition of ConA-induced liver injury by ...
... shock involves mostly the activation of toll-receptors on macrophages.35-37 Importantly, these different cells may differ in their repertoire of expressed adenosine receptors. The experimental data provided in this study show that A3R was essential for the inhibition of ConA-induced liver injury by ...
The effects of environmental mycobacteria on VLP and MVA based vaccines against tuberculosis
... (reviewed by Raja, 2004). They will phagocytose mycobacteria, contain it with in a phagosome, and attempt to kill it by fusing the phagosome with a lysosome (Duclos & Desjardins, 2000; Vieira et al., 2002). Lysosomes contain a variety of toxic substances that are lethal to bacteria, for example acid ...
... (reviewed by Raja, 2004). They will phagocytose mycobacteria, contain it with in a phagosome, and attempt to kill it by fusing the phagosome with a lysosome (Duclos & Desjardins, 2000; Vieira et al., 2002). Lysosomes contain a variety of toxic substances that are lethal to bacteria, for example acid ...
Homeostatic MyD88-dependent signals cause lethal
... host molecules or from commensal microbes that express TLR ligands and are in constant contact with host cells. By far, the most abundant source of commensal microbes is the intestinal lumen. Thus, to determine whether commensal intestinal microbes stimulate the homeostatic MyD88-dependent signals t ...
... host molecules or from commensal microbes that express TLR ligands and are in constant contact with host cells. By far, the most abundant source of commensal microbes is the intestinal lumen. Thus, to determine whether commensal intestinal microbes stimulate the homeostatic MyD88-dependent signals t ...
CXCL10 Inhibits Viral Replication Through Recruitment of Natural
... levels were measured by real-time qRT-PCR. As shown in Figure 1a, all 3 chemokines significantly increased at day 3 and declined at day 7 pi, with the CXCL10 showing the highest level among all three CXCR3 chemokines. The peak expression of their receptor CXCR3 expression was delayed to day 7 pi. Ne ...
... levels were measured by real-time qRT-PCR. As shown in Figure 1a, all 3 chemokines significantly increased at day 3 and declined at day 7 pi, with the CXCL10 showing the highest level among all three CXCR3 chemokines. The peak expression of their receptor CXCR3 expression was delayed to day 7 pi. Ne ...
Epitope Masking in a Murine Model Independently from Red Cell
... RhD) were shown to inhibit the Ab response to the RhD Ag expressed on the same cell (9), cementing the concept that RBC clearance rather than epitope masking likely explains the AMIS effect with allogeneic erythrocytes. Observations in mice injected with SRBCs unfortunately cannot directly address t ...
... RhD) were shown to inhibit the Ab response to the RhD Ag expressed on the same cell (9), cementing the concept that RBC clearance rather than epitope masking likely explains the AMIS effect with allogeneic erythrocytes. Observations in mice injected with SRBCs unfortunately cannot directly address t ...
Forced Expression of Dystrophin Deletion Constructs Reveals
... mdx mouse (16, 33). The DAPs have recently been shown to be composed of three subcomplexes. Laminin-2, a major component of the extracellular matrix in muscle tissue, binds to a-dystroglycan, which binds directly to p-dystroglycan (14). This link to the extracellular matrix has been named the dystro ...
... mdx mouse (16, 33). The DAPs have recently been shown to be composed of three subcomplexes. Laminin-2, a major component of the extracellular matrix in muscle tissue, binds to a-dystroglycan, which binds directly to p-dystroglycan (14). This link to the extracellular matrix has been named the dystro ...
Histones Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Kupffer Cells during
... Cellular processes that drive sterile inflammatory injury after hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury are not completely understood. Activation of the inflammasome plays a key role in response to invading intracellular pathogens, but mounting evidence suggests that it also plays a role in inflam ...
... Cellular processes that drive sterile inflammatory injury after hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury are not completely understood. Activation of the inflammasome plays a key role in response to invading intracellular pathogens, but mounting evidence suggests that it also plays a role in inflam ...
Combining Human and Rat Sequences in Her
... D2F2/neu cell lines were refractory to antibody therapy. Nevertheless, all test cells could be controlled by CTL, demonstrating the importance of inducing both T-cell and B-cell responses with Her-2 vaccines (24). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that cocktail or hybrid vaccines containing bo ...
... D2F2/neu cell lines were refractory to antibody therapy. Nevertheless, all test cells could be controlled by CTL, demonstrating the importance of inducing both T-cell and B-cell responses with Her-2 vaccines (24). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that cocktail or hybrid vaccines containing bo ...
Nlrp3-inflammasome activation in non-myeloid- derived cells aggravates diabetic nephropathy
... promotion of inflammatory cell recruitment.14 Although initially thought to be restricted to immune cells it has been recently shown that the inflammasome can be functional in nonimmune cells, including podocytes.11,13,15 In addition, inflammasome activation has lately been demonstrated in diabetic ...
... promotion of inflammatory cell recruitment.14 Although initially thought to be restricted to immune cells it has been recently shown that the inflammasome can be functional in nonimmune cells, including podocytes.11,13,15 In addition, inflammasome activation has lately been demonstrated in diabetic ...
Murine models of susceptibility to tuberculosis
... increased susceptibility to infection with M. tuberculosis compared with the highly resistant common laboratory C57BL/6 or BALB/c mouse strains. These susceptible mouse strains may provide more accurate models for the course of reactivation TB in man. Continued investigation of the immune mechanisms ...
... increased susceptibility to infection with M. tuberculosis compared with the highly resistant common laboratory C57BL/6 or BALB/c mouse strains. These susceptible mouse strains may provide more accurate models for the course of reactivation TB in man. Continued investigation of the immune mechanisms ...
The New American Academy of Pediatrics Urinary Tract Infection
... This issue of Pediatrics includes a long-awaited update1 of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) 1999 urinary tract infection (UTI) practice parameter.2 The new guideline is accompanied by a technical report3 that provides a comprehensive literature review and also a new meta-analysis, for which ...
... This issue of Pediatrics includes a long-awaited update1 of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) 1999 urinary tract infection (UTI) practice parameter.2 The new guideline is accompanied by a technical report3 that provides a comprehensive literature review and also a new meta-analysis, for which ...
Monocytes high Differentiation of Ly-6C from the CCR2
... CCR2 mediates an increase in the frequency of Ly-6Chigh monocytes but not pre-DC within peripheral blood of mice with cryptococcal lung infection Our previous study demonstrated the accumulation of large numbers of DC in the lungs of CCR2⫹/⫹ mice, but not of CCR2⫺/⫺ mice, infected with C. neoformans ...
... CCR2 mediates an increase in the frequency of Ly-6Chigh monocytes but not pre-DC within peripheral blood of mice with cryptococcal lung infection Our previous study demonstrated the accumulation of large numbers of DC in the lungs of CCR2⫹/⫹ mice, but not of CCR2⫺/⫺ mice, infected with C. neoformans ...
Antibodies and IL-3 support helminth-induced basophil
... restore basophilia in these mice. Supplementation of immune serum in IL-4Rα−/− mice completely restored H. polygyrus bakeriinduced basophilia (Fig. 4C). Importantly, no soluble IL-3 could be detected in immune serum, indicating that it was the antibody component that was responsible for the observed ...
... restore basophilia in these mice. Supplementation of immune serum in IL-4Rα−/− mice completely restored H. polygyrus bakeriinduced basophilia (Fig. 4C). Importantly, no soluble IL-3 could be detected in immune serum, indicating that it was the antibody component that was responsible for the observed ...
Voided Midstream Urine Culture and Acute Cystitis in
... voided specimens by periurethral microorganisms, since it is not possible to distinguish whether bacteriuria originates from the bladder or the periurethra. As a result, colony-count thresholds have been established to help interpret colony counts. Early studies showed the value of quantitative urin ...
... voided specimens by periurethral microorganisms, since it is not possible to distinguish whether bacteriuria originates from the bladder or the periurethra. As a result, colony-count thresholds have been established to help interpret colony counts. Early studies showed the value of quantitative urin ...
R e v i s i ó n
... defence against bacterial infection since these mice exhibit increased mortality in a model of acute septic peritonitis in which it is known that host resistance rely on mast cells and complement (25). The mechanism for this regulation of resident mast cells numbers by αMβ2 is unknown. Thus, αMβ2 mi ...
... defence against bacterial infection since these mice exhibit increased mortality in a model of acute septic peritonitis in which it is known that host resistance rely on mast cells and complement (25). The mechanism for this regulation of resident mast cells numbers by αMβ2 is unknown. Thus, αMβ2 mi ...
the role of the c5a receptor in host defense against listeria
... secretion of IFN-γ, an essential cytokine that increases the bactericidal capabilities of macrophages (21, 24). Similarly, CD8+ T cells have bactericidal activity through some combination of cytokine production and cytolytic activity (24). While adaptive immunity is required for total clearance of L ...
... secretion of IFN-γ, an essential cytokine that increases the bactericidal capabilities of macrophages (21, 24). Similarly, CD8+ T cells have bactericidal activity through some combination of cytokine production and cytolytic activity (24). While adaptive immunity is required for total clearance of L ...
Colonic microbiota can promote rapid local improvement of
... interplay between the intestinal luminal environment, the intestinal epithelial barrier and adaptive and innate immune responses. The immune response is the target of most medical treatments for IBD. Glucocorticosteroids, (anti-tumour necrosis ...
... interplay between the intestinal luminal environment, the intestinal epithelial barrier and adaptive and innate immune responses. The immune response is the target of most medical treatments for IBD. Glucocorticosteroids, (anti-tumour necrosis ...
1 - NICE
... © National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, August 2007. All rights reserved. This material may be freely reproduced for educational and not-for-profit purposes. No reproduction by or for commercial organisations, or for commercial purposes, is allowed without the express written permis ...
... © National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, August 2007. All rights reserved. This material may be freely reproduced for educational and not-for-profit purposes. No reproduction by or for commercial organisations, or for commercial purposes, is allowed without the express written permis ...
Major urinary proteins
Major urinary proteins (Mups), also known as α2u-globulins, are a subfamily of proteins found in abundance in the urine and other secretions of many animals. Mups provide a small range of identifying information about the donor animal, when detected by the vomeronasal organ of the receiving animal. They belong to a larger family of proteins known as lipocalins. Mups are encoded by a cluster of genes, located adjacent to each other on a single stretch of DNA, that varies greatly in number between species: from at least 21 functional genes in mice to none in humans. Mup proteins form a characteristic glove shape, encompassing a ligand-binding pocket that accommodates specific small, organic chemicals.Urinary proteins were first reported in rodents in 1932, during studies by Thomas Addis into the cause of proteinuria. They are potent human allergens, and are largely responsible for a number of animal allergies, including to cats, horses and rodents. Their endogenous function within an animal is unknown, but may involve regulating energy expenditure. However, as secreted proteins they play multiple roles in chemical communication between animals, functioning as pheromone transporters and stabilizers in rodents and pigs. Mups can also act as protein pheromones themselves. They have been demonstrated to promote aggression in male mice, and one specific Mup protein found in male mouse urine is sexually attractive to female mice. Mups can also function as signals between different species: mice display an instinctive fear response on the detection of Mups derived from predators such as cats and rats.