Endogenous MMTV Proviruses Induce Susceptibility to Both Viral
... breast cancer in mice. MMTV-induced breast cancers represent a well-established model for human breast cancer research. Mice become infected by virus particles in mother’s milk (exogenous MMTV), and insertion of exogenous MMTV into somatic cell DNA sporadically leads to genetic damage and cancer. Al ...
... breast cancer in mice. MMTV-induced breast cancers represent a well-established model for human breast cancer research. Mice become infected by virus particles in mother’s milk (exogenous MMTV), and insertion of exogenous MMTV into somatic cell DNA sporadically leads to genetic damage and cancer. Al ...
Beneficial Dog Bacteria Up-Regulate Oxytocin and Lower Risk of
... for human body weight control, we began by sampling canine saliva. We chose saliva because one fundamental aspect of the human-canine bond is the gesture of licking that spreads oral cavity microbes on the recipient’s skin surface. Recognizing that L. reuteri ATCC 6475 bacteria collected from human ...
... for human body weight control, we began by sampling canine saliva. We chose saliva because one fundamental aspect of the human-canine bond is the gesture of licking that spreads oral cavity microbes on the recipient’s skin surface. Recognizing that L. reuteri ATCC 6475 bacteria collected from human ...
Mapping of murine Thl and Th2 helper T
... fimbrial subunit protein (fimbrilin) from Porphyromonas gingivalis strain 38 1 was assessed in spleen mononuclear cells (MNC) of BALB/c mice (H-2d haplotype) immunised with the fimbrial protein antigen and adjuvant GM-53 in Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA). Sixtyseven sequential overlapping 10-mer ...
... fimbrial subunit protein (fimbrilin) from Porphyromonas gingivalis strain 38 1 was assessed in spleen mononuclear cells (MNC) of BALB/c mice (H-2d haplotype) immunised with the fimbrial protein antigen and adjuvant GM-53 in Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA). Sixtyseven sequential overlapping 10-mer ...
Intact skin and not stripped skin is crucial for the
... draining lymph nodes, with variations according to the previous level of sensitization of the mice [2]. Contrary to stripped skin, when the ViaskinW is applied on healthy skin, the amount of allergen that passes freely through the skin is very limited and the passage of the allergen is mostly intrac ...
... draining lymph nodes, with variations according to the previous level of sensitization of the mice [2]. Contrary to stripped skin, when the ViaskinW is applied on healthy skin, the amount of allergen that passes freely through the skin is very limited and the passage of the allergen is mostly intrac ...
Chemotherapeutic effects on larval stages of - Arca
... Group 1: consisted of 25 mice that were not subjected to drug treatment, and served as untreated controls. Animals were sacrificed 40 days after cercarial exposure, when the worms were recovered from the portalmesenteric venous system by perfusion, according to Duvall and DeWitt8. Group 2: included ...
... Group 1: consisted of 25 mice that were not subjected to drug treatment, and served as untreated controls. Animals were sacrificed 40 days after cercarial exposure, when the worms were recovered from the portalmesenteric venous system by perfusion, according to Duvall and DeWitt8. Group 2: included ...
Fusobacterium nucleatum Alters Atherosclerosis Risk
... mice. ApoEnull mice (n = 23) were orally infected with F. nucleatum ATCC 49256 and euthanized at 12 and 24 weeks. Periodontal disease assessments including F. nucleatum oral colonization, gingival inflammation, immune response, intrabony defects, and alveolar bone resorption were evaluated. Systemic ...
... mice. ApoEnull mice (n = 23) were orally infected with F. nucleatum ATCC 49256 and euthanized at 12 and 24 weeks. Periodontal disease assessments including F. nucleatum oral colonization, gingival inflammation, immune response, intrabony defects, and alveolar bone resorption were evaluated. Systemic ...
2013
... Example of a Telephone Management Strategy for Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis • Individuals Eligible for Telephone Management – Adult women with acute onset (duration, <7-10 days) of at least 1 of the following: dysuria, frequency, urgency, or gross hematuria. – No flank or abdominal pain – No fever ( ...
... Example of a Telephone Management Strategy for Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis • Individuals Eligible for Telephone Management – Adult women with acute onset (duration, <7-10 days) of at least 1 of the following: dysuria, frequency, urgency, or gross hematuria. – No flank or abdominal pain – No fever ( ...
the effects of thymus and other lymphoid organs enclosed in
... evidence of leukemia and died within 3 weeks of implantation, only 2 of the 20 mice bearing leukemic tissue in sealed chambers developed leukemia. In both of these the leukemia appeared 6 weeks after implantation. Thus, this type of diffusion chamber is considered to be cell-impermeable in more than ...
... evidence of leukemia and died within 3 weeks of implantation, only 2 of the 20 mice bearing leukemic tissue in sealed chambers developed leukemia. In both of these the leukemia appeared 6 weeks after implantation. Thus, this type of diffusion chamber is considered to be cell-impermeable in more than ...
Wild-Type and NS5A-Transgenic Mice T Cell Responses in +
... RNA replication (32). NS5A has been described to interact both with cellular proteins like Raf-1, p53, PI3K, and Grb2, which are important for host cell signaling (20, 33), but also to interfere with components of innate immunity by inhibiting PKR and cyclophilin A (33–35). Hence, NS5A may affect IF ...
... RNA replication (32). NS5A has been described to interact both with cellular proteins like Raf-1, p53, PI3K, and Grb2, which are important for host cell signaling (20, 33), but also to interfere with components of innate immunity by inhibiting PKR and cyclophilin A (33–35). Hence, NS5A may affect IF ...
CCR5 limits cortical viral loads during West Nile virus infection of the
... WT mice (Fig. 2b). Of note, because of the difference in survival observed between genotypes, the CCR5deficient mice assessed at day 10 do not include those that have succumbed to viral encephalitis and will naturally include those with lower viral titers that do survive. WT animals exhibit more sur ...
... WT mice (Fig. 2b). Of note, because of the difference in survival observed between genotypes, the CCR5deficient mice assessed at day 10 do not include those that have succumbed to viral encephalitis and will naturally include those with lower viral titers that do survive. WT animals exhibit more sur ...
Long-Term Care: Daily Urinary Catheter Maintenance Checklist
... 14. Use a catheter insertion checklist if changing the catheter. Consider having an assistant during the procedure to help position resident and decrease risk of catheter contamination. 15. Residents who are independent with catheter care are educated and competent with aseptic technique. IV. ...
... 14. Use a catheter insertion checklist if changing the catheter. Consider having an assistant during the procedure to help position resident and decrease risk of catheter contamination. 15. Residents who are independent with catheter care are educated and competent with aseptic technique. IV. ...
Fasting induces ketoacidosis and hypothermia in PDHK2/PDHK4
... The PDH complex (pyruvate dehydrogenase complex) plays a pivotal role in controlling the concentrations of glucose in the fed and fasted state [1]. In the well-fed state, the PDH complex is highly active, promoting glucose oxidation by generating acetylCoA, which can be oxidized by the citric acid c ...
... The PDH complex (pyruvate dehydrogenase complex) plays a pivotal role in controlling the concentrations of glucose in the fed and fasted state [1]. In the well-fed state, the PDH complex is highly active, promoting glucose oxidation by generating acetylCoA, which can be oxidized by the citric acid c ...
ISG15 Is Critical in the Control of Chikungunya Virus - HAL
... are enveloped positive-strand RNA viruses transmitted by mosquitoes. It was first isolated in Tanzania in 1952, and reported to cause severe fever as well as myalgia, joint pain and rash within 2–5 days of infection [1,2]. Recently, CHIKV reemerged in Eastern Africa and has developed into a major ep ...
... are enveloped positive-strand RNA viruses transmitted by mosquitoes. It was first isolated in Tanzania in 1952, and reported to cause severe fever as well as myalgia, joint pain and rash within 2–5 days of infection [1,2]. Recently, CHIKV reemerged in Eastern Africa and has developed into a major ep ...
Combined therapy with PPARα agonist and l
... that activates protein kinase C (PKC) [15]. It has been considered that the DAG-PKC pathway is one of the important pathways mediating cardiac hypertrophy [16 – 18]. We have reported that distinct species of DAG were increased in the hypertrophied heart of JVS mice [19,20]. Peroxisome proliferators- ...
... that activates protein kinase C (PKC) [15]. It has been considered that the DAG-PKC pathway is one of the important pathways mediating cardiac hypertrophy [16 – 18]. We have reported that distinct species of DAG were increased in the hypertrophied heart of JVS mice [19,20]. Peroxisome proliferators- ...
Inflammasomes Reassessing the Evolutionary Importance of
... ‘, WT mice that were tested but did not die from the infection during the period presented in the published literature; i.c., intracranial; i.n., intranasal; iRBC, infected RBC; i.t., intratracheal; n.d., not determined. ...
... ‘, WT mice that were tested but did not die from the infection during the period presented in the published literature; i.c., intracranial; i.n., intranasal; iRBC, infected RBC; i.t., intratracheal; n.d., not determined. ...
A B - Padis
... caprae and M. canetti. The MTBC members are genetically extremely related, in fact the genome of M. tuberculosis shows <0.05% difference with M. bovis. All MTBC members cause TB and exhibit distinct host range, even though they are not tightly specie-restricted as, for example, M. caprae and M. cane ...
... caprae and M. canetti. The MTBC members are genetically extremely related, in fact the genome of M. tuberculosis shows <0.05% difference with M. bovis. All MTBC members cause TB and exhibit distinct host range, even though they are not tightly specie-restricted as, for example, M. caprae and M. cane ...
Genetic susceptibility to infectious disease: lessons from
... Until recently, medical genetics has been mainly restricted to the study of relatively rare familial diseases that are controlled by a single major gene. However, more recently, increasing efforts have been directed towards defining the genetic basis of common diseases, which have a much greater imp ...
... Until recently, medical genetics has been mainly restricted to the study of relatively rare familial diseases that are controlled by a single major gene. However, more recently, increasing efforts have been directed towards defining the genetic basis of common diseases, which have a much greater imp ...
GAS6 is a key homeostatic immunological regulator of host
... mice for 2 mo restored GAS6 expression, though not to similar levels as in SPF mice. We next assessed expression of PROS1 in GF mice and found that PROS1 was not significantly altered by bacterial colonization in these mice. Similarly, expression of AXL was not affected by the presence or absence of ...
... mice for 2 mo restored GAS6 expression, though not to similar levels as in SPF mice. We next assessed expression of PROS1 in GF mice and found that PROS1 was not significantly altered by bacterial colonization in these mice. Similarly, expression of AXL was not affected by the presence or absence of ...
Increased Susceptibility to Salmonella Infection in Signal Regulatory
... commonly thought that the enlarged spleen accompanying Salmonella infection is caused by local leukocyte expansion or recruitment. Indeed, splenic lymphocytes, especially CD4 and CD8 T cells, expand after Salmonella infection, and a large increase in phagocyte populations is also observed (5–7). Alt ...
... commonly thought that the enlarged spleen accompanying Salmonella infection is caused by local leukocyte expansion or recruitment. Indeed, splenic lymphocytes, especially CD4 and CD8 T cells, expand after Salmonella infection, and a large increase in phagocyte populations is also observed (5–7). Alt ...
Major Histocompatibility Complex Heterozygosity Reduces Fitness
... enhanced resistance to infectious diseases (heterozygote advantage, HA, hypothesis), and overdominant selection should contribute to the evolution of these highly polymorphic genes. The evidence for the HA hypothesis is mixed and mainly from laboratory studies on inbred congenic mice, leaving the im ...
... enhanced resistance to infectious diseases (heterozygote advantage, HA, hypothesis), and overdominant selection should contribute to the evolution of these highly polymorphic genes. The evidence for the HA hypothesis is mixed and mainly from laboratory studies on inbred congenic mice, leaving the im ...
Infection Leishmania major Immunity Against JNK1 Is Required for T
... treated with or without LPS plus IFN-␥. As shown in Fig. 4, the macrophages from Jnk1⫺/⫺ mice did not have any impairment in their capacity to produce IL-12 following stimulation. In fact, they produced higher amounts of IL-12 than the wild type. Dendritic cells are the other major source of IL-12 i ...
... treated with or without LPS plus IFN-␥. As shown in Fig. 4, the macrophages from Jnk1⫺/⫺ mice did not have any impairment in their capacity to produce IL-12 following stimulation. In fact, they produced higher amounts of IL-12 than the wild type. Dendritic cells are the other major source of IL-12 i ...
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... The diversity of the third complementarity determining region of the IgH chain is constrained by natural selection of immunoglobulin diversity (DH ) sequence. To test the functional significance of this constraint in the context of thymus-dependent (TD) immune responses, we immunized BALB/c mice wit ...
... The diversity of the third complementarity determining region of the IgH chain is constrained by natural selection of immunoglobulin diversity (DH ) sequence. To test the functional significance of this constraint in the context of thymus-dependent (TD) immune responses, we immunized BALB/c mice wit ...
Tissue-Expressed B7x Affects the Immune Response to and and
... mice have a slightly stronger Th1 response and lower parasite burdens after a footpad challenge with Leishmania major (14). Another study reveals that B7x2/2 mice are more resistant to a lethal i.p. infection with Listeria monocytogenes, although this is attributed to an augmented neutrophil, rather ...
... mice have a slightly stronger Th1 response and lower parasite burdens after a footpad challenge with Leishmania major (14). Another study reveals that B7x2/2 mice are more resistant to a lethal i.p. infection with Listeria monocytogenes, although this is attributed to an augmented neutrophil, rather ...
Genetic background affects susceptibility in nonfatal pneumococcal bronchopneumonia J.A. Preston , K.W. Beagley
... a widespread parenchymal inflammatory response with multifocal perivascular and peribronchial aggregates of neutrophils and lymphocytes but little if any alveolar exudation or pneumonic consolidation (results not shown). This pattern was consistent with a bronchopneumonia (lobular pneumonia), althou ...
... a widespread parenchymal inflammatory response with multifocal perivascular and peribronchial aggregates of neutrophils and lymphocytes but little if any alveolar exudation or pneumonic consolidation (results not shown). This pattern was consistent with a bronchopneumonia (lobular pneumonia), althou ...
Long-Term Protective Immunity Induced Against
... and T cell responses. Immunizations of mice with rAdASP2 and rAdTS induced high levels of serum antibodies specific for their recombinant products. In addition, both recombinant viruses were able to elicit a biased helper T cell type 1 (Th1) cellular immune response and a substantial CD8 T cell-med ...
... and T cell responses. Immunizations of mice with rAdASP2 and rAdTS induced high levels of serum antibodies specific for their recombinant products. In addition, both recombinant viruses were able to elicit a biased helper T cell type 1 (Th1) cellular immune response and a substantial CD8 T cell-med ...
Major urinary proteins
Major urinary proteins (Mups), also known as α2u-globulins, are a subfamily of proteins found in abundance in the urine and other secretions of many animals. Mups provide a small range of identifying information about the donor animal, when detected by the vomeronasal organ of the receiving animal. They belong to a larger family of proteins known as lipocalins. Mups are encoded by a cluster of genes, located adjacent to each other on a single stretch of DNA, that varies greatly in number between species: from at least 21 functional genes in mice to none in humans. Mup proteins form a characteristic glove shape, encompassing a ligand-binding pocket that accommodates specific small, organic chemicals.Urinary proteins were first reported in rodents in 1932, during studies by Thomas Addis into the cause of proteinuria. They are potent human allergens, and are largely responsible for a number of animal allergies, including to cats, horses and rodents. Their endogenous function within an animal is unknown, but may involve regulating energy expenditure. However, as secreted proteins they play multiple roles in chemical communication between animals, functioning as pheromone transporters and stabilizers in rodents and pigs. Mups can also act as protein pheromones themselves. They have been demonstrated to promote aggression in male mice, and one specific Mup protein found in male mouse urine is sexually attractive to female mice. Mups can also function as signals between different species: mice display an instinctive fear response on the detection of Mups derived from predators such as cats and rats.