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Transport of Substances Across a Cell Membrane
Transport of Substances Across a Cell Membrane

... Transport proteins may facilitate diffusion across membranes Many kinds of molecules do not diffuse freely across membranes (size, charge, polarity)  For these molecules, transport proteins  Provide passage across membranes through a process called facilitated diffusion ...
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Transport Across Cell Membranes

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Chapter 2 - Cells and the Microscope
Chapter 2 - Cells and the Microscope

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Comparing Plant and Animal Cells

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POGIL Biology I – Introduction to life on earth

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Cell Theory and Structure

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Untitled
Untitled

... The golgi bodies look like a stack of pancakes. They take proteins recently made by the ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum and package them so they can be moved to the “far” distances of the cell. ...
Cell growth comparison of Porvair Sciences tissue culture
Cell growth comparison of Porvair Sciences tissue culture

... Two established cell lines were use in this study. The fibroblastic Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) and endometrial epithelial HEC-1A cell lines were selected on the basis of their contrasting morphology. The cell lines were seeded at an initial seeding density of 1x10 5 cells/ml in order to achieve a s ...
Your Pre AP biology final exam
Your Pre AP biology final exam

... Color the non polar part yellow Add in a channel (transport) protein. Add in a carbohydrate marker on one of the proteins ...
Your Pre AP biology final exam
Your Pre AP biology final exam

... Color the non polar part yellow Add in a channel (transport) protein. Add in a carbohydrate marker on one of the proteins ...
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Cytosol



The cytosol or intracellular fluid (ICF) or cytoplasmic matrix is the liquid found inside cells. It is separated into compartments by membranes. For example, the mitochondrial matrix separates the mitochondrion into many compartments.In the eukaryotic cell, the cytosol is within the cell membrane and is part of the cytoplasm, which also comprises the mitochondria, plastids, and other organelles (but not their internal fluids and structures); the cell nucleus is separate. In prokaryotes, most of the chemical reactions of metabolism take place in the cytosol, while a few take place in membranes or in the periplasmic space. In eukaryotes, while many metabolic pathways still occur in the cytosol, others are contained within organelles.The cytosol is a complex mixture of substances dissolved in water. Although water forms the large majority of the cytosol, its structure and properties within cells is not well understood. The concentrations of ions such as sodium and potassium are different in the cytosol than in the extracellular fluid; these differences in ion levels are important in processes such as osmoregulation, cell signaling, and the generation of action potentials in excitable cells such as endocrine, nerve and muscle cells. The cytosol also contains large amounts of macromolecules, which can alter how molecules behave, through macromolecular crowding.Although it was once thought to be a simple solution of molecules, the cytosol has multiple levels of organization. These include concentration gradients of small molecules such as calcium, large complexes of enzymes that act together to carry out metabolic pathways, and protein complexes such as proteasomes and carboxysomes that enclose and separate parts of the cytosol.
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