AutoMotif server: prediction of single residue post-translational
... the LFM. The negative instances were chosen randomly from those that do not include experimentally verified PTM of any type. These two datasets (positive and negative instances) were projected as sets of points in a multidimensional space (http://automotif.bioinfo.pl/embedding.htm). The SVM (Yu-Dong ...
... the LFM. The negative instances were chosen randomly from those that do not include experimentally verified PTM of any type. These two datasets (positive and negative instances) were projected as sets of points in a multidimensional space (http://automotif.bioinfo.pl/embedding.htm). The SVM (Yu-Dong ...
In vivo characterization of the properties of SUMO1
... SUMOylation is a post-translational modification analogous to ubiquitination whereby members of the SUMO (small ubiquitinlike modifier) family of proteins are covalently attached to one or more lysine residues in a target protein [1,2]. Since the first report of SUMOylation as a modification of the ...
... SUMOylation is a post-translational modification analogous to ubiquitination whereby members of the SUMO (small ubiquitinlike modifier) family of proteins are covalently attached to one or more lysine residues in a target protein [1,2]. Since the first report of SUMOylation as a modification of the ...
to get the file - Chair of Computational Biology
... Typically, unmethylated clusters of CpG pairs are located in tissue-specific genes and in essential housekeeping genes, which are involved in routine maintenance roles and are expressed in most tissues. These clusters, or CpG islands, are targets for proteins that bind to unmethylated CpGs and initi ...
... Typically, unmethylated clusters of CpG pairs are located in tissue-specific genes and in essential housekeeping genes, which are involved in routine maintenance roles and are expressed in most tissues. These clusters, or CpG islands, are targets for proteins that bind to unmethylated CpGs and initi ...
the Sec7 family of guanine-nucleotide- exchange factors
... inactive, abortive complex. A separate subclass of Sec7-domain proteins is involved in signal transduction and possess a domain that mediates membrane binding in response to extracellular signals. ...
... inactive, abortive complex. A separate subclass of Sec7-domain proteins is involved in signal transduction and possess a domain that mediates membrane binding in response to extracellular signals. ...
Managing people in sport organisations: A strategic human resource
... The Wnt pathway and familial adenomatous polyposis. (A) Signaling of the Wnt pathway is mediated through the Frizzled family of receptors, and a co-receptor LRP5 or 6. In the absence of ligand, the pathway is inactive through the negative regulation of the downstream effector β-catenin. When present ...
... The Wnt pathway and familial adenomatous polyposis. (A) Signaling of the Wnt pathway is mediated through the Frizzled family of receptors, and a co-receptor LRP5 or 6. In the absence of ligand, the pathway is inactive through the negative regulation of the downstream effector β-catenin. When present ...
9/7/2012 1 Receptors and Neurotransmitters: It Sounds Greek to Me
... • Touch-pressure: – Mechanical tension opens ion channels • Rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors: vibration, touch, mov ement • Slowly adapting mechanoreceptors: pressure ...
... • Touch-pressure: – Mechanical tension opens ion channels • Rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors: vibration, touch, mov ement • Slowly adapting mechanoreceptors: pressure ...
Ribosome binding site Polysomes （多聚核糖体）
... often determined by specific, relatively short amino acid sequence within the proteins themselves. These sequences can be responsible for proteins being secreted, imported into the nucleus or targeted to other organelles. ...
... often determined by specific, relatively short amino acid sequence within the proteins themselves. These sequences can be responsible for proteins being secreted, imported into the nucleus or targeted to other organelles. ...
Regulation of phospholipase D activity, membrane targeting and
... other phosphoinositides or other acidic lipids that do not activate the enzyme [16]. Taken together, these results strongly suggested that a binding interaction between the PLD enzymes and PtdIns(4,5)P2 is important for stimulation of catalysis by this lipid. PLD1, PLD2 and Spo14p have a common mult ...
... other phosphoinositides or other acidic lipids that do not activate the enzyme [16]. Taken together, these results strongly suggested that a binding interaction between the PLD enzymes and PtdIns(4,5)P2 is important for stimulation of catalysis by this lipid. PLD1, PLD2 and Spo14p have a common mult ...
A Cell Type-specific Constitutive Point Mutant of the
... domains of hGMRa (283 amino acids). A full description of the templates and primers used is available upon request. Extracellular truncations of mGMRa were generated by PCR on the pRUFNeo/FmGMRa construct with primers designed to amplify the entire construct except for the desired extracellular sequ ...
... domains of hGMRa (283 amino acids). A full description of the templates and primers used is available upon request. Extracellular truncations of mGMRa were generated by PCR on the pRUFNeo/FmGMRa construct with primers designed to amplify the entire construct except for the desired extracellular sequ ...
`Chargaff`s Rules` for Protein Folding: Stoichiometric Leitmotif Made
... since. One might be over-optimistic in that, given this universal principle based on stoichiometry, biologically meaningful ab initio modelling will indeed be possible in near future. An entirely ‘new’ structural space of many hypothetical as well as trans-membrane proteins will be visible, ‘new’ he ...
... since. One might be over-optimistic in that, given this universal principle based on stoichiometry, biologically meaningful ab initio modelling will indeed be possible in near future. An entirely ‘new’ structural space of many hypothetical as well as trans-membrane proteins will be visible, ‘new’ he ...
Enzymes
... • The Michaelis-Menten equation describes the velocity of enzymatic reactions (v) by relating it to [S] - concentration of a substrate S • It permits prediction of whether or not the rate of formation of product will be affected by the availability of substrate • Vmax- the theoretical maximum rate o ...
... • The Michaelis-Menten equation describes the velocity of enzymatic reactions (v) by relating it to [S] - concentration of a substrate S • It permits prediction of whether or not the rate of formation of product will be affected by the availability of substrate • Vmax- the theoretical maximum rate o ...
A-level Biology B Question paper Unit 1 - Core Principles
... The cells of the cortex do not carry out photosynthesis and cannot synthesise their own sugar. They have thin walls and large vacuoles. The vacuoles contain a solution with a very low (very negative) water potential. These cells support the stem, keeping it upright. (i) Using the information given a ...
... The cells of the cortex do not carry out photosynthesis and cannot synthesise their own sugar. They have thin walls and large vacuoles. The vacuoles contain a solution with a very low (very negative) water potential. These cells support the stem, keeping it upright. (i) Using the information given a ...
Differential Sperm Cell Gene Expression in Plumbago
... generative cells, which are the immediate precursors to sperm cells. Work on cells of the male germ linage was impeded by problems in obtaining sufficient sperm cells to conduct molecular biology and in maintaining their purity during isolation from the pollen2. At that time, the accepted paradigm w ...
... generative cells, which are the immediate precursors to sperm cells. Work on cells of the male germ linage was impeded by problems in obtaining sufficient sperm cells to conduct molecular biology and in maintaining their purity during isolation from the pollen2. At that time, the accepted paradigm w ...
Regulated trafficking of neurotransmitter transporters: common notes
... These effects are correlated with changes in tyrosine phosphorylation of GAT1. Mutation of all five of the potential intracellular tyrosine phosphorylation sites does not appear to disrupt transporter function but eliminates tyrosine phosphorylation and regulation by tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Thes ...
... These effects are correlated with changes in tyrosine phosphorylation of GAT1. Mutation of all five of the potential intracellular tyrosine phosphorylation sites does not appear to disrupt transporter function but eliminates tyrosine phosphorylation and regulation by tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Thes ...
Differential expression of genes involved in
... – Down-regulation of NAD+/NADH dependent pathways – Up-regulation of regulatory pathways – Significant up-regulation of ferredoxin enzymes involved in TCA cycle ...
... – Down-regulation of NAD+/NADH dependent pathways – Up-regulation of regulatory pathways – Significant up-regulation of ferredoxin enzymes involved in TCA cycle ...
Peer-reviewed Article PDF
... in protein folding, cell signaling, and tumor repression. Tumour-based Hsp90 has a significantly higher sensitivity than that in normal cells to inhibitors. Hsp90 activity inhibition in tumours leads to a suppression of cellular signaling in many different oncogenic pathways. Several inhibitors of H ...
... in protein folding, cell signaling, and tumor repression. Tumour-based Hsp90 has a significantly higher sensitivity than that in normal cells to inhibitors. Hsp90 activity inhibition in tumours leads to a suppression of cellular signaling in many different oncogenic pathways. Several inhibitors of H ...
A Piscine Birnavirus Induces Inhibition of Protein Synthesis in CHSE
... other hand is induced by many innate and adaptive antiviral mechanisms [4], thereby leading to the activation of intracellular caspases during the early stages of apoptosis. Some of the caspases executing apoptosis can target components of the translation machinery for proteolysis [5]. Viruses, as o ...
... other hand is induced by many innate and adaptive antiviral mechanisms [4], thereby leading to the activation of intracellular caspases during the early stages of apoptosis. Some of the caspases executing apoptosis can target components of the translation machinery for proteolysis [5]. Viruses, as o ...
Calcium homeostasis
... • Kidneys observe calcium level in blood and produce calcitriol • With the help of renin, calcitriol reabsorbs calcium in the kidneys • Calcium binding proteins can be intracellular and extracellular and they have many functions such as free calcium regulation, calcium transport and signalling (for ...
... • Kidneys observe calcium level in blood and produce calcitriol • With the help of renin, calcitriol reabsorbs calcium in the kidneys • Calcium binding proteins can be intracellular and extracellular and they have many functions such as free calcium regulation, calcium transport and signalling (for ...
Skb5, an SH3 adaptor protein, regulates Pmk1 MAPK signaling by
... Pck2 in wild-type (WT) cells results in severe growth defects, whereas the inhibition or deletion of the components of the Pmk1 MAPK pathway can reverse the growth defects. Consistent with this, the overproduction of protein from the pmp1+ gene, which we previously identified as a dual-specificity p ...
... Pck2 in wild-type (WT) cells results in severe growth defects, whereas the inhibition or deletion of the components of the Pmk1 MAPK pathway can reverse the growth defects. Consistent with this, the overproduction of protein from the pmp1+ gene, which we previously identified as a dual-specificity p ...
CELL
... 2 – Place ONE drop of water/iodine in the middle of the slide. Don’t use too much or the water/iodine will run off the edge and make a mess! 3 – Place the edge of the cover slip on one side of the water/iodine drop. 4 - Slowly lower the cover slip on top of the drop. 5 – Place the slide on the stage ...
... 2 – Place ONE drop of water/iodine in the middle of the slide. Don’t use too much or the water/iodine will run off the edge and make a mess! 3 – Place the edge of the cover slip on one side of the water/iodine drop. 4 - Slowly lower the cover slip on top of the drop. 5 – Place the slide on the stage ...
Parts of a Cell - Ask a Biologist
... Trying new things can be hard. When you play a new sport, you have to learn and remember a whole new set of rules. When you try new food, you may end up not liking it (and you may even wish you could spit it out). The same goes for school. Learning information can be really hard and sometimes scary. ...
... Trying new things can be hard. When you play a new sport, you have to learn and remember a whole new set of rules. When you try new food, you may end up not liking it (and you may even wish you could spit it out). The same goes for school. Learning information can be really hard and sometimes scary. ...
Induction of y-Gultamyl Transpeptidase by a Thyroid Hormone in
... actinomycin D (0.5 ~) for a similar test period. Moreover, incubation of hepatocyte cells in the presence of cycloheximide (100 ~) or actinomycin D (0.5 ~) together with 10 nM T3 for 3 days prevented the hormonal effect. Induction of GGT in hepatocyte primary cultures also depended on the concentrat ...
... actinomycin D (0.5 ~) for a similar test period. Moreover, incubation of hepatocyte cells in the presence of cycloheximide (100 ~) or actinomycin D (0.5 ~) together with 10 nM T3 for 3 days prevented the hormonal effect. Induction of GGT in hepatocyte primary cultures also depended on the concentrat ...
research article Numerical study of the electroporation pulse shape
... world and for this reason it has drawn the attention of many researchers. Chemotherapy has been used for many years and is one of the most common treatments for cancer. Cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs are usually hydrophilic with very low transport through the cell membrane and thus high doses of t ...
... world and for this reason it has drawn the attention of many researchers. Chemotherapy has been used for many years and is one of the most common treatments for cancer. Cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs are usually hydrophilic with very low transport through the cell membrane and thus high doses of t ...
A Mechanosensory System Controls Cell Shape Changes During
... a mechanosensor and a mechanotransducer. Paradigms for mechanosensors fall largely into three classes (Fig. 4).45 In one class, the entire is central to the control system as removal of myosin‑II resulted in actin network serves as a mechanosensor. This scheme involves strains a three‑fold higher fa ...
... a mechanosensor and a mechanotransducer. Paradigms for mechanosensors fall largely into three classes (Fig. 4).45 In one class, the entire is central to the control system as removal of myosin‑II resulted in actin network serves as a mechanosensor. This scheme involves strains a three‑fold higher fa ...
Output of neurogliaform cells to various neuron types in the human
... and Maccaferri, 2005). Thus, neurogliaform cells link multiple networks of interneurons and were suggested to play a central role in generating and shaping synchronized activity of neuronal circuits (Simon et al., 2005; Zsiros and Maccaferri, 2005). All but one type of interneuron trigger fast inhib ...
... and Maccaferri, 2005). Thus, neurogliaform cells link multiple networks of interneurons and were suggested to play a central role in generating and shaping synchronized activity of neuronal circuits (Simon et al., 2005; Zsiros and Maccaferri, 2005). All but one type of interneuron trigger fast inhib ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.