Dual function of Swc5 in SWR remodeling ATPase activation and
... H2A.Z is deposited into +1 nucleosomes by the SWR1 complex (referred to as SWR hereafter), a member of the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler family (19,21,28). Unlike other remodelers, SWR does not cause a net change in histone octamer position or net loss of histones in vitro; instead it catalyzes ...
... H2A.Z is deposited into +1 nucleosomes by the SWR1 complex (referred to as SWR hereafter), a member of the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler family (19,21,28). Unlike other remodelers, SWR does not cause a net change in histone octamer position or net loss of histones in vitro; instead it catalyzes ...
Ferritin and ferritin isoforms I: Structure–function relationships, synthesis, degradation and secretion
... secondary lysosomes results in the formation of haemosiderin and protection against iron toxicity. The majority of ferritin is found in the cytosol. However, ferritin with slightly different properties can also be found in organelles such as nuclei and mitochondria. Most of the ferritin produced int ...
... secondary lysosomes results in the formation of haemosiderin and protection against iron toxicity. The majority of ferritin is found in the cytosol. However, ferritin with slightly different properties can also be found in organelles such as nuclei and mitochondria. Most of the ferritin produced int ...
elsevier second proof - Michigan State University
... the forebrain and nasal sensory epithelia of a generalized nonmammalian vertebrate. The olfactory epithelium (oe) and vomeronasal organ (vno) lie rostral to the brain, and the axons of the receptor neurons project through the olfactory nerves (on) to the olfactory bulb (ob) and accessory olfactory b ...
... the forebrain and nasal sensory epithelia of a generalized nonmammalian vertebrate. The olfactory epithelium (oe) and vomeronasal organ (vno) lie rostral to the brain, and the axons of the receptor neurons project through the olfactory nerves (on) to the olfactory bulb (ob) and accessory olfactory b ...
Neurotoxicity and Mechanism of Toluene Abuse
... postsynaptic blockade of the dopamine receptor), or any mechanism involving altered synthetic or metabolic pathways. Unfortunately, the toluene exposure conditions failed to resemble those commensurate with acute or chronic toluene abuse (the 100 ppm condition alone may be considered an occupational ...
... postsynaptic blockade of the dopamine receptor), or any mechanism involving altered synthetic or metabolic pathways. Unfortunately, the toluene exposure conditions failed to resemble those commensurate with acute or chronic toluene abuse (the 100 ppm condition alone may be considered an occupational ...
REGULATION OF CYTOCHROME P450 BY
... glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and sex steroid biosynthesis. Synthesis of steroids requires the concerted action of a number of cytochrome P450 steroid hydroxylases (Fig. 1). Transcdptional regulation of the genes encoding these steroid hydroxylases occurs in response to trophic hormones and tra ...
... glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and sex steroid biosynthesis. Synthesis of steroids requires the concerted action of a number of cytochrome P450 steroid hydroxylases (Fig. 1). Transcdptional regulation of the genes encoding these steroid hydroxylases occurs in response to trophic hormones and tra ...
Functional Interactions Between the Subunits of the Lactose
... has been determined using freeze-fracture electron microscopy, which suggested that both proteins are present in the bilayer as dimers only (32,123). Additional evidence for this dimeric state of LacS in the membrane came from saturation-transfer electron spin resonance (109). Chemical cross-linking ...
... has been determined using freeze-fracture electron microscopy, which suggested that both proteins are present in the bilayer as dimers only (32,123). Additional evidence for this dimeric state of LacS in the membrane came from saturation-transfer electron spin resonance (109). Chemical cross-linking ...
Axonal of Kinesin in the Chain Isoforms
... terize axonal transport of kinesin, rat retinal ganglion cells were pulse-labeled with 35S-methionine and movement of kinesin into the optic nerve, tract and tectum was monitored by quantitative immunoprecipitation. Kinesin was transported only with the fast components of axonal transport. There was ...
... terize axonal transport of kinesin, rat retinal ganglion cells were pulse-labeled with 35S-methionine and movement of kinesin into the optic nerve, tract and tectum was monitored by quantitative immunoprecipitation. Kinesin was transported only with the fast components of axonal transport. There was ...
POPCORN Functions in the Auxin Pathway to Regulate
... was not linked to the mutant embryo phenotype. We therefore used a map-based cloning approach to isolate the PCN gene. A tight linkage was observed with cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) markers at the genomic positions 4,144,848 (SspI enzyme digestion) and 4,369,443 (RsaI enzyme digest ...
... was not linked to the mutant embryo phenotype. We therefore used a map-based cloning approach to isolate the PCN gene. A tight linkage was observed with cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) markers at the genomic positions 4,144,848 (SspI enzyme digestion) and 4,369,443 (RsaI enzyme digest ...
SOX9 specifies the pyloric sphincter epithelium
... The function of SOX9 was recently shown to be dependent and regulated by its nuclear-cytoplasmic hindgut and in the midgut (Fig. 2A). At this stage, SOX9 translocation in the developing gonad (de Santa Barbara et al., expression in the esophageal epithelium is high at the base of 2000; Gasca et al., ...
... The function of SOX9 was recently shown to be dependent and regulated by its nuclear-cytoplasmic hindgut and in the midgut (Fig. 2A). At this stage, SOX9 translocation in the developing gonad (de Santa Barbara et al., expression in the esophageal epithelium is high at the base of 2000; Gasca et al., ...
Ma et al 2009 - HKUST Institutional Repository
... In zebrafish, the Blastula Period, which runs from the 128-cell stage to ~50% epiboly (i.e., ~2.25 – 5.25 hpf), has been described as a stage of “regional specification”, during which several key developmental events take place (Kane and Warga, 2004). Several imaging techniques have been used to vis ...
... In zebrafish, the Blastula Period, which runs from the 128-cell stage to ~50% epiboly (i.e., ~2.25 – 5.25 hpf), has been described as a stage of “regional specification”, during which several key developmental events take place (Kane and Warga, 2004). Several imaging techniques have been used to vis ...
A plant vacuolar system : the lutoïds from Hevea brasiliensis latex
... Abstract. Lutoids, which comprise nearly 20% of the latex volume, are unit-membrane organelles from 1 to 5 pm in diameter. They constitute a dispersed lysosomal vacuome in a specialized cytoplasm, that is the latex. Lutoids accumulate certain compounds from the cytoplasmic medium. Pi, citrate and Mg ...
... Abstract. Lutoids, which comprise nearly 20% of the latex volume, are unit-membrane organelles from 1 to 5 pm in diameter. They constitute a dispersed lysosomal vacuome in a specialized cytoplasm, that is the latex. Lutoids accumulate certain compounds from the cytoplasmic medium. Pi, citrate and Mg ...
Thomas C. Südhof - Nobel Lecture Slides
... botulinum toxins (C. Montecucco + R. Jahn laboratories; 1992/1993) 2. Synaptobrevin, SNAP-25, and syntaxin form a complex, known as SNARE complex (J. Rothman laboratory; 1993) 3. Munc18 binds to SNAREs and is homologous to Unc18 and Sec1p, proteins known to be essential for C. elegans movements and ...
... botulinum toxins (C. Montecucco + R. Jahn laboratories; 1992/1993) 2. Synaptobrevin, SNAP-25, and syntaxin form a complex, known as SNARE complex (J. Rothman laboratory; 1993) 3. Munc18 binds to SNAREs and is homologous to Unc18 and Sec1p, proteins known to be essential for C. elegans movements and ...
2004__MORRIS_et_al_Transpor... - Institute of Experimental Botany
... efflux rather than influx of IAA was inhibited by TIBA and therefore that efflux was more important than uptake in determining polar transport. Together with the already known facts that polar transport could take place against an overall concentration gradient, was sensitive to inhibitors of energy ...
... efflux rather than influx of IAA was inhibited by TIBA and therefore that efflux was more important than uptake in determining polar transport. Together with the already known facts that polar transport could take place against an overall concentration gradient, was sensitive to inhibitors of energy ...
RF3 Induces Ribosomal Conformational Changes Responsible for
... The tertiary structure of RF3GDP is distinct from that of EF-TuGDP (Figure 1C) but is markedly similar to that of EF-TuGDPNP (EF-TuGTP; Figure 1B). The rmsd for the superposed domains I and II of RF3GDP and EFTuGDPNP is only 1.6 Å, and their switch 2 regions are strikingly similar (Figure 1F) ...
... The tertiary structure of RF3GDP is distinct from that of EF-TuGDP (Figure 1C) but is markedly similar to that of EF-TuGDPNP (EF-TuGTP; Figure 1B). The rmsd for the superposed domains I and II of RF3GDP and EFTuGDPNP is only 1.6 Å, and their switch 2 regions are strikingly similar (Figure 1F) ...
Human Eosinophils from Transport-Mediated Release of Preformed
... Because eosinophils contain preformed IL-4, the mechanisms to mobilize IL-4 from specific granule storage sites for its extracellular release need to be defined. Prior studies established the releasability of IL-4 from eosinophils activated with either serumcoated beads, IgA immune complexes, or cal ...
... Because eosinophils contain preformed IL-4, the mechanisms to mobilize IL-4 from specific granule storage sites for its extracellular release need to be defined. Prior studies established the releasability of IL-4 from eosinophils activated with either serumcoated beads, IgA immune complexes, or cal ...
Lipoprotein Lipase in the Arterial Wall
... amphipathic ␣-helices of the N-terminal folding domain46 and of tryptophan residues in an exposed loop between the  strands of the C-terminal folding domain (involving amino acids 390 to 394).47 Interestingly, dimeric LPL lacking the C-terminal domains binds to phospholipid vesicles as efficiently ...
... amphipathic ␣-helices of the N-terminal folding domain46 and of tryptophan residues in an exposed loop between the  strands of the C-terminal folding domain (involving amino acids 390 to 394).47 Interestingly, dimeric LPL lacking the C-terminal domains binds to phospholipid vesicles as efficiently ...
Identification and first characterization of pairing
... Furthermore, it has been shown, that females induce lipid accumulation and lipase activity in males (Haseeb et al., 1989). However, research on a factor transferred from the female to the male was neglected as it was assumed to be uncertain and less promising concerning schistosomiasis control compa ...
... Furthermore, it has been shown, that females induce lipid accumulation and lipase activity in males (Haseeb et al., 1989). However, research on a factor transferred from the female to the male was neglected as it was assumed to be uncertain and less promising concerning schistosomiasis control compa ...
The Locus Ceruleus Responds to Signaling Molecules Obtained
... incubated without the primary antibodies. Biotinylated goat-anti-rabbit IgG was used (1 h; 2 g/ml), followed by streptavidin Alexa Fluor 488 conjugate at 5 g/ml for 1 h. Sections were observed on a Nikon Eclipse (E600) microscope and images captured on a Nikon camera (Coolpix 4300) and processed i ...
... incubated without the primary antibodies. Biotinylated goat-anti-rabbit IgG was used (1 h; 2 g/ml), followed by streptavidin Alexa Fluor 488 conjugate at 5 g/ml for 1 h. Sections were observed on a Nikon Eclipse (E600) microscope and images captured on a Nikon camera (Coolpix 4300) and processed i ...
An intracellular replication niche for Vibrio cholerae in the amoeba
... based on frequent encounters. We therefore aimed at better understanding the interaction between A. castellanii and V. cholerae at the single-cell level. GFP-producing V. cholerae bacteria were monitored by time-lapse imaging, allowing observation of active internalization of the bacteria by amoebae ...
... based on frequent encounters. We therefore aimed at better understanding the interaction between A. castellanii and V. cholerae at the single-cell level. GFP-producing V. cholerae bacteria were monitored by time-lapse imaging, allowing observation of active internalization of the bacteria by amoebae ...
Calcium Transients in the Garter Snake Vomeronasal Organ
... neurons via two pathways: Ca2⫹ release from IP3-sensitive intracellular stores and, to a lesser extent, Ca2⫹ influx through the plasma membrane. Both components seem to be dependent on IP3 production. Chemoattractants evoke a short-latency Ca2⫹ elevation even in the absence of extracellular Ca2⫹, su ...
... neurons via two pathways: Ca2⫹ release from IP3-sensitive intracellular stores and, to a lesser extent, Ca2⫹ influx through the plasma membrane. Both components seem to be dependent on IP3 production. Chemoattractants evoke a short-latency Ca2⫹ elevation even in the absence of extracellular Ca2⫹, su ...
Systems Biotechnology of Pseudomonas putida for the enhanced
... sustainable alternatives to replace petroleum-base commodities. These biopolymers have superior features than synthetic plastics since they are produced from biobased sources and their intrinsic chemical composition make them biodegradable, biocompatible, and part of the carbon cycle of the earth. A ...
... sustainable alternatives to replace petroleum-base commodities. These biopolymers have superior features than synthetic plastics since they are produced from biobased sources and their intrinsic chemical composition make them biodegradable, biocompatible, and part of the carbon cycle of the earth. A ...
Cellulose Biosynthesis: Current Views and
... F I G . 1. (A) Ultrathin section of recently divided cells just below the meristem of a Zea mays root tip. Note the recently synthesized transverse walls (thinner). The elongation axis will be perpendicular to this direction. (Unpublished micrograph, courtesy of Susette Mueller and R. Malcolm Brown, ...
... F I G . 1. (A) Ultrathin section of recently divided cells just below the meristem of a Zea mays root tip. Note the recently synthesized transverse walls (thinner). The elongation axis will be perpendicular to this direction. (Unpublished micrograph, courtesy of Susette Mueller and R. Malcolm Brown, ...
Excitation-contraction Coupling in the Heart and the Negative
... locations within the cell46 suggests that each spark site behaves in an “all or none” fashion and are therefore “elementary” in a functional sense (but see Lipp and Niggli47). In any case, it is generally agreed that coordinated activation of multiple spark sites gives rise to the global increase in ...
... locations within the cell46 suggests that each spark site behaves in an “all or none” fashion and are therefore “elementary” in a functional sense (but see Lipp and Niggli47). In any case, it is generally agreed that coordinated activation of multiple spark sites gives rise to the global increase in ...
Auxin: Regulation, Action, and Interaction
... endogenous auxin, or by hydrolysing IAA conjugates, in which IAA is linked to amino acids, sugars or peptides. To permanently inactivate IAA, plants can employ conjugation and direct oxidation. Consistent with its definition as a hormone, IAA can be transported the length of the plant from the shoot ...
... endogenous auxin, or by hydrolysing IAA conjugates, in which IAA is linked to amino acids, sugars or peptides. To permanently inactivate IAA, plants can employ conjugation and direct oxidation. Consistent with its definition as a hormone, IAA can be transported the length of the plant from the shoot ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.