Short Article Zebrafish Slow Muscle Cell Migration Induces a Wave
... and Kimmel, 1998). The genotype of donors and hosts was determined at the 18- to 24somite stage. (A and B) Wild-type cells do not elongate normally in a smu- background. Panels are confocal micrographs (4 m from the notochord, somite number on the right) of wild-type cells transplanted from the sam ...
... and Kimmel, 1998). The genotype of donors and hosts was determined at the 18- to 24somite stage. (A and B) Wild-type cells do not elongate normally in a smu- background. Panels are confocal micrographs (4 m from the notochord, somite number on the right) of wild-type cells transplanted from the sam ...
Sample
... 5. What is the primary factor governing penetration of alcohols (and similar compounds) through biological membranes? Their lipid solubility. 6. Why are different concentrations of alcohols used in this experiment? To shorten the penetration times so that the experiment can be completed during the l ...
... 5. What is the primary factor governing penetration of alcohols (and similar compounds) through biological membranes? Their lipid solubility. 6. Why are different concentrations of alcohols used in this experiment? To shorten the penetration times so that the experiment can be completed during the l ...
Early Event of Sexual Induction in Volvox: Chemical Modification of
... and Jaenicke, 1974). In the female strain, the action of this pheromone is to delay the differentiating cell cleavage until the division from 64 to 128 cells. At this stage, again about half of the embryonic cells undergo unequal cleavage and form 32 reproductive initials. These reproductive initial ...
... and Jaenicke, 1974). In the female strain, the action of this pheromone is to delay the differentiating cell cleavage until the division from 64 to 128 cells. At this stage, again about half of the embryonic cells undergo unequal cleavage and form 32 reproductive initials. These reproductive initial ...
Drosophila follicle cells are patterned by multiple
... expression of dskul in polar cells, Notch reporter levels were significantly elevated, both in the germarium and in stage 1-3 egg chambers. These observations indicate that Kul acts as an attenuator of Dl signaling in early-stage follicle cells. Interference with Kul function in this fashion thus pr ...
... expression of dskul in polar cells, Notch reporter levels were significantly elevated, both in the germarium and in stage 1-3 egg chambers. These observations indicate that Kul acts as an attenuator of Dl signaling in early-stage follicle cells. Interference with Kul function in this fashion thus pr ...
Malpighian tubules and formation of uric acid
... Malpighian tubules and formation of uric acid Malpighian tubules The main excretory organ of the insect is the Malpighian tubule. Insects contain anything from 2 to 150 or more Malpighian tubules depending on the species. Malpighian tubules are tubular outgrowths of the gut. They typically develop a ...
... Malpighian tubules and formation of uric acid Malpighian tubules The main excretory organ of the insect is the Malpighian tubule. Insects contain anything from 2 to 150 or more Malpighian tubules depending on the species. Malpighian tubules are tubular outgrowths of the gut. They typically develop a ...
silicone rubber in a parallel plate flow chamber in the
... of a surface, experimental observations are not consistent. In a review, Van Loosdrecht et al. (1990) summarized studies reporting increased as well as decreased growth rates of bacteria on surfaces as compared to planktonic bacteria, while increased adhesion of metabolically active cells was also f ...
... of a surface, experimental observations are not consistent. In a review, Van Loosdrecht et al. (1990) summarized studies reporting increased as well as decreased growth rates of bacteria on surfaces as compared to planktonic bacteria, while increased adhesion of metabolically active cells was also f ...
Mitotic Block Induced in HeLa Cells by Low Concentrations of
... cells had exited mitosis into an apparent interphase state (as deter mined by decondensation of chromosomes and reformation of nuclear membrane, described further below and in Fig. 5). For example, 24 h after 10 nM paclitaxel was removed from the medium, the percentage of cells in mitosis was reduce ...
... cells had exited mitosis into an apparent interphase state (as deter mined by decondensation of chromosomes and reformation of nuclear membrane, described further below and in Fig. 5). For example, 24 h after 10 nM paclitaxel was removed from the medium, the percentage of cells in mitosis was reduce ...
silicone rubber in a parallel plate flow chamber in the absence and
... of a surface, experimental observations are not consistent. In a review, Van Loosdrecht et al. (1990) summarized studies reporting increased as well as decreased growth rates of bacteria on surfaces as compared to planktonic bacteria, while increased adhesion of metabolically active cells was also f ...
... of a surface, experimental observations are not consistent. In a review, Van Loosdrecht et al. (1990) summarized studies reporting increased as well as decreased growth rates of bacteria on surfaces as compared to planktonic bacteria, while increased adhesion of metabolically active cells was also f ...
Covalent interactions are not required to permit or stabilize the non
... study to express core, E1 and E2 from both H77 and Glasgow strains are given in Fig. 1. Cloned cDNA fragments from HCV strain Glasgow, which has a 1a genotype, were kindly provided by M. McElwee and R. M. Elliott. A plasmid, pCV-H77C (kindly supplied by J. Bukh), carrying the infectious full-length ...
... study to express core, E1 and E2 from both H77 and Glasgow strains are given in Fig. 1. Cloned cDNA fragments from HCV strain Glasgow, which has a 1a genotype, were kindly provided by M. McElwee and R. M. Elliott. A plasmid, pCV-H77C (kindly supplied by J. Bukh), carrying the infectious full-length ...
Covalent interactions are not required to permit or stabilize the non
... study to express core, E1 and E2 from both H77 and Glasgow strains are given in Fig. 1. Cloned cDNA fragments from HCV strain Glasgow, which has a 1a genotype, were kindly provided by M. McElwee and R. M. Elliott. A plasmid, pCV-H77C (kindly supplied by J. Bukh), carrying the infectious full-length ...
... study to express core, E1 and E2 from both H77 and Glasgow strains are given in Fig. 1. Cloned cDNA fragments from HCV strain Glasgow, which has a 1a genotype, were kindly provided by M. McElwee and R. M. Elliott. A plasmid, pCV-H77C (kindly supplied by J. Bukh), carrying the infectious full-length ...
The Mormyromast Region of the Mormyrid Electrosensory Lobe. I
... are affected at the time of the electric organ discharge (EOD) by two different inputs, EOD-evoked reafferent input from electroreceptors and corollary discharge input associated with the motor command that elicits the EOD. This first paper examines the intracellular responses of ELL cells to these ...
... are affected at the time of the electric organ discharge (EOD) by two different inputs, EOD-evoked reafferent input from electroreceptors and corollary discharge input associated with the motor command that elicits the EOD. This first paper examines the intracellular responses of ELL cells to these ...
Dynamics of Phragmoplastin in Living Cells during
... by dynamin is blocked, resulting in the formation of elongated tubules on the plasma membrane. Electron microscopy localization studies have demonstrated that dynamin wraps around these elongated tubules (Takei et al., 1996). In addition, purified dynamin has been shown to be able to self-polymerize ...
... by dynamin is blocked, resulting in the formation of elongated tubules on the plasma membrane. Electron microscopy localization studies have demonstrated that dynamin wraps around these elongated tubules (Takei et al., 1996). In addition, purified dynamin has been shown to be able to self-polymerize ...
Motion of red blood cells in a capillary with an - AJP
... lubrication forces generated within the ESL are responsible for the exclusion of flowing red blood cells from the ESL. Because the lubrication forces are generated by fluid flow, such forces cease when flow stops. This provides a possible explanation for the observation (21) that stationary red bloo ...
... lubrication forces generated within the ESL are responsible for the exclusion of flowing red blood cells from the ESL. Because the lubrication forces are generated by fluid flow, such forces cease when flow stops. This provides a possible explanation for the observation (21) that stationary red bloo ...
Membrane-bound and extracellular P4actamase
... One possible explanation for the emergence of plactamases in Gram-positive antibiotic-producing bacteria is that they produce these enzymes to protect themselves from their own secondary metabolites. In producer strains the self resistance genes are part of the antibiotic biosynthetic gene cluster ( ...
... One possible explanation for the emergence of plactamases in Gram-positive antibiotic-producing bacteria is that they produce these enzymes to protect themselves from their own secondary metabolites. In producer strains the self resistance genes are part of the antibiotic biosynthetic gene cluster ( ...
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... that flank the V, D and J gene segments, and join cleaved ends by non-‐homologous end joining (NHEJ). After rearrangement is complete, cells become pre-‐B cells, expressing the Igμ h ...
... that flank the V, D and J gene segments, and join cleaved ends by non-‐homologous end joining (NHEJ). After rearrangement is complete, cells become pre-‐B cells, expressing the Igμ h ...
Cytotoxicity and inhibition of platelet aggregation
... Background: Multifunctional L-amino acid oxidases (LAAOs) occur widely in snake venoms. Methods: The L-AAO from Bothrops leucurus (Bl-LAAO) venom was purified using a combination of molecular exclusion and ion-exchange chromatographies. We report some biochemical features of Bl-LAAO associated with i ...
... Background: Multifunctional L-amino acid oxidases (LAAOs) occur widely in snake venoms. Methods: The L-AAO from Bothrops leucurus (Bl-LAAO) venom was purified using a combination of molecular exclusion and ion-exchange chromatographies. We report some biochemical features of Bl-LAAO associated with i ...
Dynamic Interplay between Nucleoid Segregation
... The chloroplast (cp) genome is organized as nucleoids that are dispersed throughout the cp stroma. Previously, a cp homolog of bacterial recombinase RecA (cpRECA) was shown to be involved in the maintenance of cp genome integrity by repairing damaged chloroplast DNA and by suppressing aberrant recom ...
... The chloroplast (cp) genome is organized as nucleoids that are dispersed throughout the cp stroma. Previously, a cp homolog of bacterial recombinase RecA (cpRECA) was shown to be involved in the maintenance of cp genome integrity by repairing damaged chloroplast DNA and by suppressing aberrant recom ...
Oral Soft-Tissue Biopsy: An Overview
... not be sampled. With this method, a stiff brush is used to collect cells from all epithelial layers through application of firm pressure with a rotational movement. Pinpoint bleeding indicates sufficient depth of cell collection. 3,4 The sample is transferred to a glass slide and sent to the laborat ...
... not be sampled. With this method, a stiff brush is used to collect cells from all epithelial layers through application of firm pressure with a rotational movement. Pinpoint bleeding indicates sufficient depth of cell collection. 3,4 The sample is transferred to a glass slide and sent to the laborat ...
Cloning, Expression in Escherichia coli, and Characterization of
... Azoarclus spp. differing at the species level (47). Physical maps of plasmids are illustrated in Fig. 2. Media and growth conditions. Escherichia coli cells were grown at 37°C in Luria broth (LB) (2) or on LB agar supplemented with carbenicillin (150 pg/ml) to maintain plasmids and were grown, when ...
... Azoarclus spp. differing at the species level (47). Physical maps of plasmids are illustrated in Fig. 2. Media and growth conditions. Escherichia coli cells were grown at 37°C in Luria broth (LB) (2) or on LB agar supplemented with carbenicillin (150 pg/ml) to maintain plasmids and were grown, when ...
Structurally related TPR subunits contribute differently to the function
... TPR subunits of the APC/C have different functions for the Drosophila homologue of Apc5 has been cloned and characterised. Mutant alleles of ida show a characteristic mitotic phenotype suggesting that this subunit controls some sub-functions of the APC/C (Bentley et al., 2002). The Apc3 (also known ...
... TPR subunits of the APC/C have different functions for the Drosophila homologue of Apc5 has been cloned and characterised. Mutant alleles of ida show a characteristic mitotic phenotype suggesting that this subunit controls some sub-functions of the APC/C (Bentley et al., 2002). The Apc3 (also known ...
SHAPE CONTROL IN THE HUMAN RED CELL
... shape change, one slow and one rapid (Jinbu, Nakao, Otsuka & Sato, 1983; Jinbu, Sato & Nakao, 1984a; Jinbu, Sato, Nakao & Tsukita, 19846). Completion of the slow process conditions the cell, so that it can respond rapidly to addition of ATP, even at 6°C. From this they suggested that membrane protei ...
... shape change, one slow and one rapid (Jinbu, Nakao, Otsuka & Sato, 1983; Jinbu, Sato & Nakao, 1984a; Jinbu, Sato, Nakao & Tsukita, 19846). Completion of the slow process conditions the cell, so that it can respond rapidly to addition of ATP, even at 6°C. From this they suggested that membrane protei ...
Overexpression of a truncated cyclin B gene arrests Dictyostelium
... prior to cell division and maximum levels of protein ...
... prior to cell division and maximum levels of protein ...
Uptake and presentation of hepatitis C virus–like
... recombinant HCV envelope glycoprotein 2 (E2) and HCV pseudotype particles (HCVpp’s) have provided evidence that DC-SIGN or liver/lymph-node SIGN (L-SIGN) can bind HCV E2 on DCs or liver sinusoidal endothelial cells.16-18 Several studies have suggested that DCs can be infected with HCV.19-21 Furtherm ...
... recombinant HCV envelope glycoprotein 2 (E2) and HCV pseudotype particles (HCVpp’s) have provided evidence that DC-SIGN or liver/lymph-node SIGN (L-SIGN) can bind HCV E2 on DCs or liver sinusoidal endothelial cells.16-18 Several studies have suggested that DCs can be infected with HCV.19-21 Furtherm ...
Phosphorylation of eIF2α in response to 26S proteasome inhibition
... proteins Hsp72 (heat-shock protein 72) and Hsp90 in human SKBr3 breast tumour cells [10]. Jiang and Wek [11] later indicated that the reduced levels of translation in response to proteasome inhibition were caused by increased phosphorylation of eIF2α, which was mediated through the activation of GCN ...
... proteins Hsp72 (heat-shock protein 72) and Hsp90 in human SKBr3 breast tumour cells [10]. Jiang and Wek [11] later indicated that the reduced levels of translation in response to proteasome inhibition were caused by increased phosphorylation of eIF2α, which was mediated through the activation of GCN ...
Franz-Josef Obermair, Aileen Schröter and Michaela Thallmair
... or by remyelination of spared axons through newly formed oligodendrocytes (60), but the generation of new neurons has also been described (30, 64). However, transplantation-based approaches have several disadvantages, such as the risk of immune rejection and the need for external sources of cells. E ...
... or by remyelination of spared axons through newly formed oligodendrocytes (60), but the generation of new neurons has also been described (30, 64). However, transplantation-based approaches have several disadvantages, such as the risk of immune rejection and the need for external sources of cells. E ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.