Rat embryonic ectoderm as renal isograft - Development
... 1962; Skreb & Frank, 1963). It has also been shown that the ultrastructural, histochemical and biosynthetic features of the embryo are subject to substantial changes during this period (Solter, Damjanov & Skreb, 1970, 1973; Dziadek & Adamson, 1978; Bode & Dziadek, 1979; Wartiovaara, Leivo & Vaheri, ...
... 1962; Skreb & Frank, 1963). It has also been shown that the ultrastructural, histochemical and biosynthetic features of the embryo are subject to substantial changes during this period (Solter, Damjanov & Skreb, 1970, 1973; Dziadek & Adamson, 1978; Bode & Dziadek, 1979; Wartiovaara, Leivo & Vaheri, ...
Flamingo controls the planar polarity of sensory
... ectodomain of Fmi [5], and fmi71, for which the molecular lesion has not yet been determined [6], gives viable adult flies that display abnormal polarity in both types of sensory bristles (macrochaetes and microchaetes) (Figure 1b). Instead of pointing posteriorly within the epithelial plane as in w ...
... ectodomain of Fmi [5], and fmi71, for which the molecular lesion has not yet been determined [6], gives viable adult flies that display abnormal polarity in both types of sensory bristles (macrochaetes and microchaetes) (Figure 1b). Instead of pointing posteriorly within the epithelial plane as in w ...
FtsK-Dependent Dimer Resolution on Multiple Chromosomes
... chromosome with dif located at the junction of their polarity [22,23]. Thus, dif sites carried by a dimer are brought together by FtsK translocation (Figure 1A). Second, FtsK serves to activate recombination at dif via a direct interaction with XerD [24,25]. dif contains two 11bp binding sites for X ...
... chromosome with dif located at the junction of their polarity [22,23]. Thus, dif sites carried by a dimer are brought together by FtsK translocation (Figure 1A). Second, FtsK serves to activate recombination at dif via a direct interaction with XerD [24,25]. dif contains two 11bp binding sites for X ...
Salivary gland development in Drosophila
... segments when SCR is expressed everywhere, some downstream genes, such as fork head (fkh), are also induced in more posterior segments (Panzer et al., 1992). This observation suggests differences among salivary gland genes with respect to which anterior-posterior regulators limit their expression. H ...
... segments when SCR is expressed everywhere, some downstream genes, such as fork head (fkh), are also induced in more posterior segments (Panzer et al., 1992). This observation suggests differences among salivary gland genes with respect to which anterior-posterior regulators limit their expression. H ...
Rheb and mammalian target of rapamycin in mitochondrial
... Raptor has been identified as another AMPK substrate [42]. AMPK directly phosphorylates Raptor in an LKB1-dependent manner leading to the binding of 14-3-3 proteins to Raptor and subsequent inhibition of mTORC1. A number of studies report that interfering in mitochondrial activity leads to a tighter ...
... Raptor has been identified as another AMPK substrate [42]. AMPK directly phosphorylates Raptor in an LKB1-dependent manner leading to the binding of 14-3-3 proteins to Raptor and subsequent inhibition of mTORC1. A number of studies report that interfering in mitochondrial activity leads to a tighter ...
Chapter 4 - A Tour of the Cell 08-09
... • The nucleus is separated from the cytoplasm by the nuclear envelope. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... • The nucleus is separated from the cytoplasm by the nuclear envelope. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
The origin of early primitive streak - Development
... posterior region was more stratified. This gradient in epithelial aspect of the epiblast was used to verify the AP axis in the subsequent studies. Koller’s sickle was also used as a landmark for tagging individual sites of prestreak blastodiscs in ovo. Migration pattern of labeled cells during primi ...
... posterior region was more stratified. This gradient in epithelial aspect of the epiblast was used to verify the AP axis in the subsequent studies. Koller’s sickle was also used as a landmark for tagging individual sites of prestreak blastodiscs in ovo. Migration pattern of labeled cells during primi ...
Molecular mechanism of protrusion formation during Listeria Keith Ireton Luciano A. Rigano
... protrusion formation to inlC mutant Listeria, whereas constitutively activated Cdc42 inhibits protrusions normally made by wild-type bacteria. These latter findings indicate that the ability to inactivate Cdc42 is required for efficient bacterial protrusion formation. Interestingly, the effect of L ...
... protrusion formation to inlC mutant Listeria, whereas constitutively activated Cdc42 inhibits protrusions normally made by wild-type bacteria. These latter findings indicate that the ability to inactivate Cdc42 is required for efficient bacterial protrusion formation. Interestingly, the effect of L ...
Transcription mechanisms
... subunits have synergized beautifully with biochemical and functional experiments to link these subunits to specific transcription pathways and biological processes. PIC assembly is directed to the start site by “core” promoter sequences that are recognized primarily by subunits of the GTF TFIID, inc ...
... subunits have synergized beautifully with biochemical and functional experiments to link these subunits to specific transcription pathways and biological processes. PIC assembly is directed to the start site by “core” promoter sequences that are recognized primarily by subunits of the GTF TFIID, inc ...
Epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of early mouse development
... Figure 17: Expression pattern of Sox17 in the extra-embryonic and embryonic lineages ........... 38 Figure 18: Conditional knock-out of β-catenin in the Sox17 endoderm lineage ............................ 39 Figure 19: Cell-autonomous and non- cell autonomous phenotypes in β-catenin CKO embryos. 40 ...
... Figure 17: Expression pattern of Sox17 in the extra-embryonic and embryonic lineages ........... 38 Figure 18: Conditional knock-out of β-catenin in the Sox17 endoderm lineage ............................ 39 Figure 19: Cell-autonomous and non- cell autonomous phenotypes in β-catenin CKO embryos. 40 ...
Full Paper - Calcutta Research Group
... this column was on philanthropic work that Guntur NRIs were doing back home. Often it was just an enunciation of different amounts spent on different projects by these NRIs, but sometimes it also ran an interview of the NRI donors. Most of the NRIs who featured in the columns were from the Kamma ca ...
... this column was on philanthropic work that Guntur NRIs were doing back home. Often it was just an enunciation of different amounts spent on different projects by these NRIs, but sometimes it also ran an interview of the NRI donors. Most of the NRIs who featured in the columns were from the Kamma ca ...
Effects of the regulatory proteins MITF and TFEB on
... Autophagy is a fundamental process in cell biology and is an essential part of normal cell function. Autophagy is a degradation pathway in which the cell digests organelles and worn-out parts of itself and is able to recycle metabolites from the digested material. This system is vital for cell clean ...
... Autophagy is a fundamental process in cell biology and is an essential part of normal cell function. Autophagy is a degradation pathway in which the cell digests organelles and worn-out parts of itself and is able to recycle metabolites from the digested material. This system is vital for cell clean ...
1 Introduction of autophagy
... by enhancing apoptosis at transcription level. A study indicated that p53 intensifies autophagy by acting on autophagy-related gene. Another study showed that it is in cytoplasm but not cell nucleus that p53 dampen-downs autophagy. • DAPK (death-associated protein kinase): we know that the combinati ...
... by enhancing apoptosis at transcription level. A study indicated that p53 intensifies autophagy by acting on autophagy-related gene. Another study showed that it is in cytoplasm but not cell nucleus that p53 dampen-downs autophagy. • DAPK (death-associated protein kinase): we know that the combinati ...
Cell-cycle-regulated expression of STIL controls centriole number in
... of newly forming centrioles during S phase (Chen et al., 2002; Kleylein-Sohn et al., 2007). In parallel, DNA was stained with DAPI to distinguish between interphase and mitotic cells and to identify different mitotic stages. Of the G1 cells, characterized by the presence of only two centrioles, some ...
... of newly forming centrioles during S phase (Chen et al., 2002; Kleylein-Sohn et al., 2007). In parallel, DNA was stained with DAPI to distinguish between interphase and mitotic cells and to identify different mitotic stages. Of the G1 cells, characterized by the presence of only two centrioles, some ...
Theme 1 Molecules, Cells and the Basis for Disease
... During division, cells undergo dramatic remodelling of their membranes and cytoskeleton. Whilst we know much about the proteins involved in this remodelling, our understanding of the role of lipids in this process remains severely underappreciated. Faithful cell division is essential for the mainten ...
... During division, cells undergo dramatic remodelling of their membranes and cytoskeleton. Whilst we know much about the proteins involved in this remodelling, our understanding of the role of lipids in this process remains severely underappreciated. Faithful cell division is essential for the mainten ...
Mutations in the Arabidopsis RPK1 gene uncouple cotyledon
... The determination of organ number is specifically controlled in all organisms. Plant seedlings, for example, may have either one or two cotyledons, depending on the species. The determination of cotyledon number is a critical process during embryogenesis. Its importance is reflected in modern taxono ...
... The determination of organ number is specifically controlled in all organisms. Plant seedlings, for example, may have either one or two cotyledons, depending on the species. The determination of cotyledon number is a critical process during embryogenesis. Its importance is reflected in modern taxono ...
Molecular - College of Biological Sciences
... zebrafish (Poss et al., 2004). Mps1 is also required for mitotic arrest in response to hypoxia (Fischer et al., 2004), and it may also function in cytokinesis (Fisk et al., 2003). Centrosome duplication in vertebrate cells occurs around the G1-to-S transition, and initial studies on human Mps1 showe ...
... zebrafish (Poss et al., 2004). Mps1 is also required for mitotic arrest in response to hypoxia (Fischer et al., 2004), and it may also function in cytokinesis (Fisk et al., 2003). Centrosome duplication in vertebrate cells occurs around the G1-to-S transition, and initial studies on human Mps1 showe ...
Plant Physiology
... and development of the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis. Although the early stages of nodule development have been studied in a large number of legumes, many questions relating to the entry of the bacteria into the root hair cell and the initiation of the nodule remain. In the alfalfa-R. meliloti symbiosi ...
... and development of the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis. Although the early stages of nodule development have been studied in a large number of legumes, many questions relating to the entry of the bacteria into the root hair cell and the initiation of the nodule remain. In the alfalfa-R. meliloti symbiosi ...
The carbohydrates ofPhaeocystisand their degradation in the
... accumulation has been observed during the stationary growth phase of a single cell culture (Janse et al. 1996b), colonial cultures (Van Rijssel et al. 2000), and a bloom of P. globosa (Veldhuis et al. 1986a), and at the end of P. pouchetii blooms in mesocosms (Alderkamp et al. 2006a). This so-called ...
... accumulation has been observed during the stationary growth phase of a single cell culture (Janse et al. 1996b), colonial cultures (Van Rijssel et al. 2000), and a bloom of P. globosa (Veldhuis et al. 1986a), and at the end of P. pouchetii blooms in mesocosms (Alderkamp et al. 2006a). This so-called ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.