Genome-wide gene expression in uro mutant
... and developmental processes and the uro mutant demonstrated several auxin defective phenotypes (Guo et al. 2004), it is possible that the altered expression levels of other hormone related genes may be caused by an indirect effect. Our data also revealed the altered expression levels of cell cycle a ...
... and developmental processes and the uro mutant demonstrated several auxin defective phenotypes (Guo et al. 2004), it is possible that the altered expression levels of other hormone related genes may be caused by an indirect effect. Our data also revealed the altered expression levels of cell cycle a ...
Chapter 4 Powerpoint
... fibers that organizes structures and activities in the cell The cytoskeleton is a network of fibers extending throughout the cytoplasm ...
... fibers that organizes structures and activities in the cell The cytoskeleton is a network of fibers extending throughout the cytoplasm ...
Root-knot nematodes manipulate plant cell functions during a
... by comparing dissected galls from infected roots with uninfected dissected root fragments over time. These studies identified a large number of new genes regulated in response to RKN infection and demonstrated the temporal regulation of a fraction of these genes. The proportion (5–15%) of genes disp ...
... by comparing dissected galls from infected roots with uninfected dissected root fragments over time. These studies identified a large number of new genes regulated in response to RKN infection and demonstrated the temporal regulation of a fraction of these genes. The proportion (5–15%) of genes disp ...
Lysosomal biogenesis and function is critical for necrotic cell death
... The importance of lysosomal membrane permeabilization in cell death has previously been established (Kroemer and Jaattela, 2005). Approaches combining electron microscopy and immunodetection show that calpains concentrate on lysosomal membranes during ischemic stroke in primates (Yamashima, 2000; Ya ...
... The importance of lysosomal membrane permeabilization in cell death has previously been established (Kroemer and Jaattela, 2005). Approaches combining electron microscopy and immunodetection show that calpains concentrate on lysosomal membranes during ischemic stroke in primates (Yamashima, 2000; Ya ...
Evolutionary tradeoffs in cellular composition across
... Vc In general, we describe the scaling of a generic cell component (e.g., DNA) as C i ¼ C 0 V bc i , where βi is the exponent for volume (measured in m3 throughout this paper) dependence of the component. It is important to note that if βio1 then component Ci will be a decreasing fraction of total c ...
... Vc In general, we describe the scaling of a generic cell component (e.g., DNA) as C i ¼ C 0 V bc i , where βi is the exponent for volume (measured in m3 throughout this paper) dependence of the component. It is important to note that if βio1 then component Ci will be a decreasing fraction of total c ...
the fine structure of the mid-body of the rat
... perhaps be considered that they may represent the sites of active growth of the spindle during the period of separation of the chromosomes. It is significant, at any rate, that before the cleavage furrow appears, points of differentiation are seen on the continuous fibers. According to Flemming (10) ...
... perhaps be considered that they may represent the sites of active growth of the spindle during the period of separation of the chromosomes. It is significant, at any rate, that before the cleavage furrow appears, points of differentiation are seen on the continuous fibers. According to Flemming (10) ...
Lesson (1) Cell theory
... Cell membrane: A thin membrane which surrounds all cells, it consists of phospholipid bi-layer and allows the passage of substances to and from the cell. Nucleus: The largest and most obvious organelle in eukaryotic cells which carries chromosomes which are responsible for transferring hereditary tr ...
... Cell membrane: A thin membrane which surrounds all cells, it consists of phospholipid bi-layer and allows the passage of substances to and from the cell. Nucleus: The largest and most obvious organelle in eukaryotic cells which carries chromosomes which are responsible for transferring hereditary tr ...
Guidleine on potency testing of cell based immunotherapy medicinal
... It may be prudent to develop in parallel different potency assay which are most suitable for their intended use. These may comprise for example functional bioassays or, where justified, assays based on quantitative antigen expression. Preferably, a suitable potency assay should be in place already w ...
... It may be prudent to develop in parallel different potency assay which are most suitable for their intended use. These may comprise for example functional bioassays or, where justified, assays based on quantitative antigen expression. Preferably, a suitable potency assay should be in place already w ...
Lenti-X™ Tet-On® Advanced Expression System User
... E. Benefits of the Tet-Advanced Expression Systems The Tet-Off Advanced and Tet-On Advanced Systems yield very high maximal expression levels and extremely low basal expression, coupled with high sensitivity and control. Advantages over other inducible mammalian gene expression systems are listed b ...
... E. Benefits of the Tet-Advanced Expression Systems The Tet-Off Advanced and Tet-On Advanced Systems yield very high maximal expression levels and extremely low basal expression, coupled with high sensitivity and control. Advantages over other inducible mammalian gene expression systems are listed b ...
The Control of Patterning and Morphogenesis during Root
... root epidermis during root development provides an exceptional model for studying this problem in plants. In most species, there are only two cell types in the root epidermis: cells that produce long hairlike extensions (i.e., root hair cells, which are derived from trichoblasts) and cells that do n ...
... root epidermis during root development provides an exceptional model for studying this problem in plants. In most species, there are only two cell types in the root epidermis: cells that produce long hairlike extensions (i.e., root hair cells, which are derived from trichoblasts) and cells that do n ...
the single-cell preparation guide
... This guide is an Experimental Method and is provided “as is.” NO WARRANTIES ARE PROVIDED, ...
... This guide is an Experimental Method and is provided “as is.” NO WARRANTIES ARE PROVIDED, ...
The Rice TAL Effector–Dependent Resistance
... a small protein that localizes to the apoplast of rice cells and Xa27 expression strictly depends on the cognate TAL effector AvrXa27 (Gu et al., 2005). Xa27 elicits an HR in rice (Gu et al., 2005). The pepper R gene Bs3 confers resistance to strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv vesicatoria containi ...
... a small protein that localizes to the apoplast of rice cells and Xa27 expression strictly depends on the cognate TAL effector AvrXa27 (Gu et al., 2005). Xa27 elicits an HR in rice (Gu et al., 2005). The pepper R gene Bs3 confers resistance to strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv vesicatoria containi ...
The endocytic network in plants
... belong to the SERK subfamily is expected because their kinase domains interact with the endosomal sorting nexin [43]. Another example is the receptor for the fungal elicitor ethylene-inducing xylanase (LeEix2) which is a cell-surface glycoprotein that possesses a signal for receptor-mediated endocyt ...
... belong to the SERK subfamily is expected because their kinase domains interact with the endosomal sorting nexin [43]. Another example is the receptor for the fungal elicitor ethylene-inducing xylanase (LeEix2) which is a cell-surface glycoprotein that possesses a signal for receptor-mediated endocyt ...
Primordial germ cell migration - The International Journal of
... embryos (Molyneaux et al., 2001). The behavior of PGCs at E8.5 is inferred from PGC position and fragilis is expressed in the posterior morphology at this stage. Arrows indicate the net direction of PGC movements. (A) PGCs are induced to form epiblast with highest expression overin the proximal epib ...
... embryos (Molyneaux et al., 2001). The behavior of PGCs at E8.5 is inferred from PGC position and fragilis is expressed in the posterior morphology at this stage. Arrows indicate the net direction of PGC movements. (A) PGCs are induced to form epiblast with highest expression overin the proximal epib ...
Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells - JEM
... p300/CBP (for a review, see references 8 and 9). However, the precise mechanisms by which transcriptional activators stimulate the transcriptional machinery through p300/CBP remain unclear. p300/CBP coactivators serve also as multifunctional adaptors that coordinate cell cycle progression with tran- ...
... p300/CBP (for a review, see references 8 and 9). However, the precise mechanisms by which transcriptional activators stimulate the transcriptional machinery through p300/CBP remain unclear. p300/CBP coactivators serve also as multifunctional adaptors that coordinate cell cycle progression with tran- ...
Nuclear Envelope Breakdown Proceeds by
... 2000), and together with in vivo observations suggest that the nuclear periphery is a highly crosslinked and stable protein network (Daigle et al., 2001). In dividing cells, this network is abolished during NE breakdown (NEBD), which defines the transition from prophase to prometaphase in the cell d ...
... 2000), and together with in vivo observations suggest that the nuclear periphery is a highly crosslinked and stable protein network (Daigle et al., 2001). In dividing cells, this network is abolished during NE breakdown (NEBD), which defines the transition from prophase to prometaphase in the cell d ...
A Possible Role for the Cnidarian Homologue of Serum Response
... FIG. 2. Expression analysis of SRF in adult Hydra vulgaris. (A–D) Spatial expression was analyzed by in situ hybridization. (A) HvSRF is expressed in the entire body column but not in the head or the foot (small picture). Labeled cells appear as single cells, pairs of cells, as patches or in lines ( ...
... FIG. 2. Expression analysis of SRF in adult Hydra vulgaris. (A–D) Spatial expression was analyzed by in situ hybridization. (A) HvSRF is expressed in the entire body column but not in the head or the foot (small picture). Labeled cells appear as single cells, pairs of cells, as patches or in lines ( ...
Interaction between Cell Wall and Plasma Membrane via RGD Motif
... Our previous reports suggested that the plant cell wall plays crucial roles in the recognition of pathogens and in determination of plant-pathogen specificity (Kiba et al. 1995, 1996, 1997, Shiraishi et al. 1997, 1998). However, the mechanism of signal transmission from the cell wall to plasma membr ...
... Our previous reports suggested that the plant cell wall plays crucial roles in the recognition of pathogens and in determination of plant-pathogen specificity (Kiba et al. 1995, 1996, 1997, Shiraishi et al. 1997, 1998). However, the mechanism of signal transmission from the cell wall to plasma membr ...
Molecular Identification of a SNAP-25
... were amplified by PCR using the PtSNAP-specific oligonucleotides (Table 1) and cloned into the double T7 promoter plasmid pL4440 (71) over the SpeI and XhoI restriction sites. Plasmids were introduced in the E. coli Ht115 strain, and Paramecium cells were fed with these strains as described in detai ...
... were amplified by PCR using the PtSNAP-specific oligonucleotides (Table 1) and cloned into the double T7 promoter plasmid pL4440 (71) over the SpeI and XhoI restriction sites. Plasmids were introduced in the E. coli Ht115 strain, and Paramecium cells were fed with these strains as described in detai ...
A myosin inhibitor impairs auxin
... day 8. During the second phase of the culture cycle, the frequency of unicellular files gradually recovers to the initial situation. At day 8, the majority of files consists of four or more cells. These files disintegrate subsequently, causing the recovery in the frequency of singular cells. In the ...
... day 8. During the second phase of the culture cycle, the frequency of unicellular files gradually recovers to the initial situation. At day 8, the majority of files consists of four or more cells. These files disintegrate subsequently, causing the recovery in the frequency of singular cells. In the ...
The Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor Accumulates in
... PCI2 cells stably transfected with plgR were differentiated in the presence of NGF on matrigel-coated chamber slides as described above. For some experiments, cells stably expressing pIgR were transiently transfected with eDNA encoding the human LDL-R before differentiation. Control experiments were ...
... PCI2 cells stably transfected with plgR were differentiated in the presence of NGF on matrigel-coated chamber slides as described above. For some experiments, cells stably expressing pIgR were transiently transfected with eDNA encoding the human LDL-R before differentiation. Control experiments were ...
Exploring Bioinorganic Pattern Formation in Diatoms. A Story of
... Much of the biochemical studies of frustule composition have been done in the pennate diatom Cylindrotheca fusiformis (Kröger and Sumper, 1998). This work has led to the discovery of novel peptides known as silaffins that may participate in the basic biomineralization process within the SDV (Kröge ...
... Much of the biochemical studies of frustule composition have been done in the pennate diatom Cylindrotheca fusiformis (Kröger and Sumper, 1998). This work has led to the discovery of novel peptides known as silaffins that may participate in the basic biomineralization process within the SDV (Kröge ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.