Prm1p, a Pheromone-regulated Multispanning Membrane Protein
... this interaction or removing CD9 inhibits sperm–egg fusion (Chen et al., 1999; Le Naour et al., 2000; Miyado et al., 2000). As none of the proteins in this complex are known to contain coiled coils, how this structure might generate the force required to bring membranes close enough for fusion remai ...
... this interaction or removing CD9 inhibits sperm–egg fusion (Chen et al., 1999; Le Naour et al., 2000; Miyado et al., 2000). As none of the proteins in this complex are known to contain coiled coils, how this structure might generate the force required to bring membranes close enough for fusion remai ...
Chromosome Choreography: The Meiotic Ballet
... diploid parental cell in a manner that ensures each daughter cell a complete haploid genome. This is accomplished by first pairing homologous chromosomes to identify partners and then segregating these partners away from each other at the first meiotic division (meiosis I). Meiosis I is followed by ...
... diploid parental cell in a manner that ensures each daughter cell a complete haploid genome. This is accomplished by first pairing homologous chromosomes to identify partners and then segregating these partners away from each other at the first meiotic division (meiosis I). Meiosis I is followed by ...
Human embryonic stem cells express a unique set
... cloned miRNAs are specifically expressed in hES cells and downregulated during development into embryoid bodies (EBs), while miRNAs previously reported from other human cell types are poorly expressed in hES cells. We further show that some of the ES-specific miRNA genes are highly related to each o ...
... cloned miRNAs are specifically expressed in hES cells and downregulated during development into embryoid bodies (EBs), while miRNAs previously reported from other human cell types are poorly expressed in hES cells. We further show that some of the ES-specific miRNA genes are highly related to each o ...
A comparison between nuclear dismantling during plant and animal
... PCD and, thus, it has been proposed that cell death in plants does not take place by the process of apoptosis; however, the degree of conservation of plant and animal cell death programmes is at the moment a matter of debate [4]. The notion that plants seem to have evolved different mechanisms for P ...
... PCD and, thus, it has been proposed that cell death in plants does not take place by the process of apoptosis; however, the degree of conservation of plant and animal cell death programmes is at the moment a matter of debate [4]. The notion that plants seem to have evolved different mechanisms for P ...
Document
... - two examples with different gap penalties These values are copied from the PAM250 matrix (see earlier slide), after being made nonnegative by adding 8 to each PAM250 matrix cell (-8 is the lowest number in the PAM250 matrix) ...
... - two examples with different gap penalties These values are copied from the PAM250 matrix (see earlier slide), after being made nonnegative by adding 8 to each PAM250 matrix cell (-8 is the lowest number in the PAM250 matrix) ...
Arabidopsis mutants in sphingolipid synthesis as tools to
... contiguous plant cells, originating interconnected symplastic domains. Communication arise through these intercellular pores that allow the exchange of small molecules, such as ions, sugars, phytohormones and macromolecules -RNA, transcription factors, even virus (Kim and Zambryski, 2005) and effect ...
... contiguous plant cells, originating interconnected symplastic domains. Communication arise through these intercellular pores that allow the exchange of small molecules, such as ions, sugars, phytohormones and macromolecules -RNA, transcription factors, even virus (Kim and Zambryski, 2005) and effect ...
Recent Advances in αβ T Cell Biology: Wnt Signaling
... canonical model requires the activation of the Notch receptor through a series of proteolytic events on binding to any of the Delta–Serrate–LAG2 (DSL) ligands. The crucial cleavage event for signaling depends on the γ-secretase-mediated release of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD) from the cell ...
... canonical model requires the activation of the Notch receptor through a series of proteolytic events on binding to any of the Delta–Serrate–LAG2 (DSL) ligands. The crucial cleavage event for signaling depends on the γ-secretase-mediated release of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD) from the cell ...
Glucocorticoids Increase Amylase mRNA Levels, Secretory
... of the steroids were directly related to their effectiveness as glucocorticoids; dexamethasone was the most potent hormone and gave maximal effects at 100 nM. Morphometric analyses revealed that dexamethasone increased the volume density of granules 5.5-fold from 0.20 + 0.08 to 1.10 + 0.20% (n = 4) ...
... of the steroids were directly related to their effectiveness as glucocorticoids; dexamethasone was the most potent hormone and gave maximal effects at 100 nM. Morphometric analyses revealed that dexamethasone increased the volume density of granules 5.5-fold from 0.20 + 0.08 to 1.10 + 0.20% (n = 4) ...
Protoplast Culture: definition
... Once the protoplasts have regenerated a cell wall, they undergo cell division and form a callus.This callus can be subcultured. The callus may undergo embryogenesis or organogenesis after about 3-4 weeks, in the correct culture conditions. The ...
... Once the protoplasts have regenerated a cell wall, they undergo cell division and form a callus.This callus can be subcultured. The callus may undergo embryogenesis or organogenesis after about 3-4 weeks, in the correct culture conditions. The ...
Built to rebuild: in search of organizing principles in plant
... culture medium. Using this system in combination with confocal imaging of cell-type specific markers, it was shown that callus typically arose from either proliferating and relatively undifferentiated meristematic cells or from the differentiated cell-type pericycle, from which lateral roots natural ...
... culture medium. Using this system in combination with confocal imaging of cell-type specific markers, it was shown that callus typically arose from either proliferating and relatively undifferentiated meristematic cells or from the differentiated cell-type pericycle, from which lateral roots natural ...
Cell Membrane Properties
... Passive transport (also called passive diffusion) a osmosis is a special case of passive transport ...
... Passive transport (also called passive diffusion) a osmosis is a special case of passive transport ...
BioScience®
... complexity but also with the new roles emerging for cilia. These show cilia to be central players in the lives of cells, exhibiting sensory as well as motile functions and serving as sites for integrating some of the major signaling systems of the cell. These recent findings have dramatically raised ...
... complexity but also with the new roles emerging for cilia. These show cilia to be central players in the lives of cells, exhibiting sensory as well as motile functions and serving as sites for integrating some of the major signaling systems of the cell. These recent findings have dramatically raised ...
Origin and shaping of the laterality organ in zebrafish
... embryo at early dome stage (~4.2 hpf) and subsequent time points show the progression of dorsal surface epithelial (DSE) cells towards the vegetal pole. Some marginal DSE cells form filopodia-like protrusions at their leading edge (arrows and inset in A). (D-F) Images of the deep cell layer at equiv ...
... embryo at early dome stage (~4.2 hpf) and subsequent time points show the progression of dorsal surface epithelial (DSE) cells towards the vegetal pole. Some marginal DSE cells form filopodia-like protrusions at their leading edge (arrows and inset in A). (D-F) Images of the deep cell layer at equiv ...
DNA Methylation Profiles Define Stem Cell Identity and
... depends on the establishment of an epigenetic cellular memory that puts stable lineage barriers in place. Lineage restriction coincides temporally with the acquisition of an asymmetric distribution of DNA methylation, in that the ICM is globally hypermethylated compared to the TE [15]. DNA methylati ...
... depends on the establishment of an epigenetic cellular memory that puts stable lineage barriers in place. Lineage restriction coincides temporally with the acquisition of an asymmetric distribution of DNA methylation, in that the ICM is globally hypermethylated compared to the TE [15]. DNA methylati ...
Quantification of gap junction selectivity
... more connexin genes, the functional differences between the gap junctions that they form must be appreciated. Since their discovery, much has been learned about gap junctions in a broad sense, but their functional and regulatory differences are still largely unexplored. Regardless of connexin compos ...
... more connexin genes, the functional differences between the gap junctions that they form must be appreciated. Since their discovery, much has been learned about gap junctions in a broad sense, but their functional and regulatory differences are still largely unexplored. Regardless of connexin compos ...
Cellular Computing
... – DNA is a storage medium for programs – There is evidence for abstract structure in the genetic program A hierarchy of structure in complex organisms An ability to mutuate one structure at a time Divergent implementations of the same structure – Gene expression is the means of execution ...
... – DNA is a storage medium for programs – There is evidence for abstract structure in the genetic program A hierarchy of structure in complex organisms An ability to mutuate one structure at a time Divergent implementations of the same structure – Gene expression is the means of execution ...
BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE Thesis THE ROLE
... a much lesser extent by the retina (Cahill 1992; Gothilf 1999). Its production and release are tightly coupled with the circadian clock. Light input of SCN neurons is complemented by a feedback loop involving the rhythmic release of melatonin from the pineal gland (Vallone 2012; Von Gall 2002; Gille ...
... a much lesser extent by the retina (Cahill 1992; Gothilf 1999). Its production and release are tightly coupled with the circadian clock. Light input of SCN neurons is complemented by a feedback loop involving the rhythmic release of melatonin from the pineal gland (Vallone 2012; Von Gall 2002; Gille ...
secretion and endocytosis in insulin
... Insulin was used to deplete the adrenalin stores of rat adrenal medulla cells. Release of secretion was observed to occur by exocytosis. In addition, during the stages of massive release of secretory granules, the insulin-treated preparations showed greatly enhanced endocytic uptake of horseradish p ...
... Insulin was used to deplete the adrenalin stores of rat adrenal medulla cells. Release of secretion was observed to occur by exocytosis. In addition, during the stages of massive release of secretory granules, the insulin-treated preparations showed greatly enhanced endocytic uptake of horseradish p ...
FREE Sample Here
... 18) Which of the following statements correctly describes some aspect of protein secretion from prokaryotic cells? A) Prokaryotes cannot secrete proteins because they lack an endomembrane system. B) The mechanism of protein secretion in prokaryotes is probably the same as that in eukaryotes. C) Prot ...
... 18) Which of the following statements correctly describes some aspect of protein secretion from prokaryotic cells? A) Prokaryotes cannot secrete proteins because they lack an endomembrane system. B) The mechanism of protein secretion in prokaryotes is probably the same as that in eukaryotes. C) Prot ...
as a PDF
... limits cell growth. The use of continuous fermentations may overcome this limitation, but they are more susceptible to contamination and loss of plasmid-mediated characteristics and they rapidly lead to the disappearance or domination of strains in a mixed-strain continuous fermentation (D’Angio et ...
... limits cell growth. The use of continuous fermentations may overcome this limitation, but they are more susceptible to contamination and loss of plasmid-mediated characteristics and they rapidly lead to the disappearance or domination of strains in a mixed-strain continuous fermentation (D’Angio et ...
Chapter 4 The Cell Membrane, Cytoskeleton, and Cell
... sions between molecules. An easy way to observe diffusion is to place a tea bag in a cup of hot water. Compounds in the tea leaves dissolve gradually and diffuse throughout the cup. The tea is at first concentrated near the bag, but the brownish color eventually spreads to create a uniform brew. The ...
... sions between molecules. An easy way to observe diffusion is to place a tea bag in a cup of hot water. Compounds in the tea leaves dissolve gradually and diffuse throughout the cup. The tea is at first concentrated near the bag, but the brownish color eventually spreads to create a uniform brew. The ...
PDF
... contrast, explants cultured in XTC-conditioned medium formed elongated structures (Fig. 3D), presaged by a period of dramatic cell movement at the time when donor embryos would have entered gastrulation (Symes & Smith, in preparation). Sections of such explants fixed after 65 h of culture revealed l ...
... contrast, explants cultured in XTC-conditioned medium formed elongated structures (Fig. 3D), presaged by a period of dramatic cell movement at the time when donor embryos would have entered gastrulation (Symes & Smith, in preparation). Sections of such explants fixed after 65 h of culture revealed l ...
Chemically Induced Aberrations of Mitosis in Bacteria
... membrane, became progressively apparent (PI. 2, fig. 3). Within the individual lobules, of which there were as many as eight per nucleus, three contracted chromosomes, constituting the haploid complement, could be observed. The haploid nuclei, once separated, proceeded to completion of the mitotic p ...
... membrane, became progressively apparent (PI. 2, fig. 3). Within the individual lobules, of which there were as many as eight per nucleus, three contracted chromosomes, constituting the haploid complement, could be observed. The haploid nuclei, once separated, proceeded to completion of the mitotic p ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.