What is bad in cancer is good in the embryo: Importance of EMT in
... membrane [35]. Over-expression of Cad6B caused an ectopic loss of polarity, as demonstrated by disruption of ZO-1 expression that lead to a general lack of epithelial integrity. However, the mesenchymal cells were not able to break through the basement membrane but instead accumulated in the lumen o ...
... membrane [35]. Over-expression of Cad6B caused an ectopic loss of polarity, as demonstrated by disruption of ZO-1 expression that lead to a general lack of epithelial integrity. However, the mesenchymal cells were not able to break through the basement membrane but instead accumulated in the lumen o ...
Oct-4 controls cell-cycle progression of embryonic stem cells
... derived ES cell lines used in the present study (Figure 2B, lanes 2–5). Consistent with previous reports [12,24,25], the Oct-4transfected ZHBTc4 ES cells were able to maintain their selfrenewal ability and stem-cell phenotype (Figure 2C, second panels). As a control, ZHBTc4 ES cells stably transfect ...
... derived ES cell lines used in the present study (Figure 2B, lanes 2–5). Consistent with previous reports [12,24,25], the Oct-4transfected ZHBTc4 ES cells were able to maintain their selfrenewal ability and stem-cell phenotype (Figure 2C, second panels). As a control, ZHBTc4 ES cells stably transfect ...
Small molecules that regulate lifespan
... chromosomal circular forms of rDNA known as ERCs, which can replicate during S-phase but are inefficiently segregated to daughter cells. As a result, the abundance of ERCs increases exponentially in mother cells at a rate determined by cell division, until they reach more than 1000 copies. The mecha ...
... chromosomal circular forms of rDNA known as ERCs, which can replicate during S-phase but are inefficiently segregated to daughter cells. As a result, the abundance of ERCs increases exponentially in mother cells at a rate determined by cell division, until they reach more than 1000 copies. The mecha ...
CHAPTER 5 THE MULTIPLIER 5.1 INTRODUCTION
... together M partial products. Each partial product is generated by multiplying the multiplicand with a bit of the multiplier – which, essentially, is an AND operation – and by shifting the result in the basis of the multiplier bit’s position. Similar to the familiar long hand decimal multiplication, ...
... together M partial products. Each partial product is generated by multiplying the multiplicand with a bit of the multiplier – which, essentially, is an AND operation – and by shifting the result in the basis of the multiplier bit’s position. Similar to the familiar long hand decimal multiplication, ...
plantcell.org
... By 48 hr PE, ZmSCR expression from each of the two regenerating roots became contiguous, as shown in Figure 4F. At this stage, anatomical analysis indicated little increase in the diameter of each half root. In the unexcised half root, ZmSCR expression was found on one side in the existing endoderma ...
... By 48 hr PE, ZmSCR expression from each of the two regenerating roots became contiguous, as shown in Figure 4F. At this stage, anatomical analysis indicated little increase in the diameter of each half root. In the unexcised half root, ZmSCR expression was found on one side in the existing endoderma ...
... protein-protein interaction, but two LIM domains in CRP1 have been shown to be independent units [26,29,30]. The CRP family is unique in that a glycine-rich region is located adjacent to each LIM domain [23,24]. Also, CRP members have two distinct locations in a cell: nucleus and actin cytoskeleton. ...
Maternal Torso-Like Coordinates Tissue Folding During
... report that the perforin-like protein Torso-like (Tsl), the key extracellular determinant for Drosophila embryonic terminal patterning, also functions to control epithelial morphogenesis. We find that tsl null mutants display a ventral cuticular hole phenotype that is independent of the loss of term ...
... report that the perforin-like protein Torso-like (Tsl), the key extracellular determinant for Drosophila embryonic terminal patterning, also functions to control epithelial morphogenesis. We find that tsl null mutants display a ventral cuticular hole phenotype that is independent of the loss of term ...
The Stem Cell Factor Receptor/c-Kit as a Drug Target in
... SHP2 [48, 49]. This makes the analysis of data from a c-Kit mutant lacking the SFK binding site difficult to interpret. As in the case of PI3-kinase, knock-in experiments have been performed with mutant c-Kit unable to interact with SFK (c-KitY567F and c-KitY567/569F) to clarify the in vivo role. Ph ...
... SHP2 [48, 49]. This makes the analysis of data from a c-Kit mutant lacking the SFK binding site difficult to interpret. As in the case of PI3-kinase, knock-in experiments have been performed with mutant c-Kit unable to interact with SFK (c-KitY567F and c-KitY567/569F) to clarify the in vivo role. Ph ...
In the prevailing view Conducitn is usually considered to act as a
... al., 2002). Therefore, it is assumed that conductin acts as a negative feedback regulator of Wnt signalling. However, it is unclear how conductin escapes upstream inhibition by activated Wnt signalling to remain active in -catenin degradation. In principle, conductin might accumulate to levels suff ...
... al., 2002). Therefore, it is assumed that conductin acts as a negative feedback regulator of Wnt signalling. However, it is unclear how conductin escapes upstream inhibition by activated Wnt signalling to remain active in -catenin degradation. In principle, conductin might accumulate to levels suff ...
Oxygen Limitation Suppresses Reactive Oxygen Species Formation
... treated or untreated samples at 60 minutes and 120 minutes after initiation of treatment. Plate counts were not performed since plating step exposes the bacteria to air where the presence of oxygen could induce hydroxyl radical-mediated killing, and cells could also have taken up norfloxacin and die ...
... treated or untreated samples at 60 minutes and 120 minutes after initiation of treatment. Plate counts were not performed since plating step exposes the bacteria to air where the presence of oxygen could induce hydroxyl radical-mediated killing, and cells could also have taken up norfloxacin and die ...
Chromosome organization and dynamics during
... heterochromatic neighborhoods in which gene expression is silenced. It has been proposed that physical interactions between gene copies located on different chromosomes may contribute to gene silencing (Lanctot et al., 2007). Effects of chromatin organization on gene expression are poorly understood ...
... heterochromatic neighborhoods in which gene expression is silenced. It has been proposed that physical interactions between gene copies located on different chromosomes may contribute to gene silencing (Lanctot et al., 2007). Effects of chromatin organization on gene expression are poorly understood ...
A Review of Centriole Activity, and Wrongful Activity, during Cell
... Following centriole duplication and separation into two pair, the younger pair moves around the nucleus to the opposite side. While this is occurring, the nuclear membrane begins to soften. The centrioles at the opposite sides of the nucleus then begin to pull the nucleus apart. As the nucleus is be ...
... Following centriole duplication and separation into two pair, the younger pair moves around the nucleus to the opposite side. While this is occurring, the nuclear membrane begins to soften. The centrioles at the opposite sides of the nucleus then begin to pull the nucleus apart. As the nucleus is be ...
Specialization of oleosins in OB dynamics during seed development
... The seed is a complex, specific structure that allows a quiescent plant embryo to cope with unfavorable germinating conditions and also permits dissemination of the species. To achieve these functions, seeds accumulate reserve compounds that will ensure the survival of the embryo and fuel the growth ...
... The seed is a complex, specific structure that allows a quiescent plant embryo to cope with unfavorable germinating conditions and also permits dissemination of the species. To achieve these functions, seeds accumulate reserve compounds that will ensure the survival of the embryo and fuel the growth ...
Organelle size control – increasing vacuole
... the net influx and efflux of membrane, or modifications of organelle shape. Changes in organellar size and/or organellar surface-tovolume ratio have been observed – e.g. for the Golgi, vacuoles, mitochondria and endosomes (Banta et al., 1988; Bevis et al., 2002; Bhave et al., 2014; Chan and Marshall ...
... the net influx and efflux of membrane, or modifications of organelle shape. Changes in organellar size and/or organellar surface-tovolume ratio have been observed – e.g. for the Golgi, vacuoles, mitochondria and endosomes (Banta et al., 1988; Bevis et al., 2002; Bhave et al., 2014; Chan and Marshall ...
The Arf and Rab11 effector FIP3 acts synergistically with ASAP1 to
... containing Rab11a, the Arf GTPase-activating protein (GAP) ASAP1 and the Arf-Rab11 effector FIP3 (also known as RAB11FIP3) (Mazelova et al., 2009; Wang et al., 2012). The rhodopsin sequence encodes at least two ciliary targeting motifs, the VxPx and the FR, and they are conserved among other ciliary ...
... containing Rab11a, the Arf GTPase-activating protein (GAP) ASAP1 and the Arf-Rab11 effector FIP3 (also known as RAB11FIP3) (Mazelova et al., 2009; Wang et al., 2012). The rhodopsin sequence encodes at least two ciliary targeting motifs, the VxPx and the FR, and they are conserved among other ciliary ...
Localisation of the Ki-67 antigen within the nucleolus
... SUMMARY The Ki-67 antigen is detected in proliferating cells in all phases of the cell division cycle. Throughout most of interphase, the Ki-67 antigen is localised within the nucleolus. To learn more about the relationship between the Ki-67 antigen and the nucleolus, we have compared the distributi ...
... SUMMARY The Ki-67 antigen is detected in proliferating cells in all phases of the cell division cycle. Throughout most of interphase, the Ki-67 antigen is localised within the nucleolus. To learn more about the relationship between the Ki-67 antigen and the nucleolus, we have compared the distributi ...
Chromosome Organization and Dynamics during Interphase, Mitosis
... dynamics not only address questions of how chromosomes behave and what mechanisms control this behavior but also examine how chromosome organization and dynamics affect gene expression and genome maintenance. A number of important studies on chromosome organization and dynamics have been conducted i ...
... dynamics not only address questions of how chromosomes behave and what mechanisms control this behavior but also examine how chromosome organization and dynamics affect gene expression and genome maintenance. A number of important studies on chromosome organization and dynamics have been conducted i ...
Small molecules that regulate lifespan: evidence for xenohormesis
... chromosomal circular forms of rDNA known as ERCs, which can replicate during S-phase but are inefficiently segregated to daughter cells. As a result, the abundance of ERCs increases exponentially in mother cells at a rate determined by cell division, until they reach more than 1000 copies. The mecha ...
... chromosomal circular forms of rDNA known as ERCs, which can replicate during S-phase but are inefficiently segregated to daughter cells. As a result, the abundance of ERCs increases exponentially in mother cells at a rate determined by cell division, until they reach more than 1000 copies. The mecha ...
Female meiosis in polo - Journal of Cell Science
... segregate the chromosomes of the male and female pronuclei. The first meiotic spindle is acentriolar and appears not to contain any centrosomal proteins such as γ-tubulin and CP190 (Theurkauf and Hawley, 1992). The spindle microtubules are initially nucleated from chromatin and require the minus end ...
... segregate the chromosomes of the male and female pronuclei. The first meiotic spindle is acentriolar and appears not to contain any centrosomal proteins such as γ-tubulin and CP190 (Theurkauf and Hawley, 1992). The spindle microtubules are initially nucleated from chromatin and require the minus end ...
Chromosome Organization and Dynamics during Interphase, Mitosis
... dynamics not only address questions of how chromosomes behave and what mechanisms control this behavior but also examine how chromosome organization and dynamics affect gene expression and genome maintenance. A number of important studies on chromosome organization and dynamics have been conducted i ...
... dynamics not only address questions of how chromosomes behave and what mechanisms control this behavior but also examine how chromosome organization and dynamics affect gene expression and genome maintenance. A number of important studies on chromosome organization and dynamics have been conducted i ...
The transplantation of nuclei from single cultured cells into
... abnormalities arising during the divisions which follow nuclear transfer. If chromosome losses take place during the early mitotic divisions of transplanted cultured-cell nuclei, the first-transfer blastulae which provide nuclei for serial transfers could contain, or sometimes consist of, cells with ...
... abnormalities arising during the divisions which follow nuclear transfer. If chromosome losses take place during the early mitotic divisions of transplanted cultured-cell nuclei, the first-transfer blastulae which provide nuclei for serial transfers could contain, or sometimes consist of, cells with ...
Chara Myosin and the Energy of Cytoplasmic Streaming
... cannot stop all myosin molecules at once. If one myosin molecule stops moving due to the glutaraldehyde fixation, it will disturb other myosin molecules following the same actin track. This small stack will affect the movement of myosin molecules on the next actin filament in the same cable. An intr ...
... cannot stop all myosin molecules at once. If one myosin molecule stops moving due to the glutaraldehyde fixation, it will disturb other myosin molecules following the same actin track. This small stack will affect the movement of myosin molecules on the next actin filament in the same cable. An intr ...