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Detergent-Insoluble Membrane Compartment CD20 Required for Its
Detergent-Insoluble Membrane Compartment CD20 Required for Its

... loops. Complete digestion of extracellular regions would be expected to result in either 8- or 15-kDa N-terminal fragments depending on whether the polypeptide is exposed at the cell surface on the carboxyl side of TM1. For these studies we used both trypsin, which cuts specifically on the carboxyli ...
The role of the secondary cell wall in plant resistance to pathogens
The role of the secondary cell wall in plant resistance to pathogens

... fungus P. cucumerina, the vascular bacterium R. solanacearum and the vascular oomycete Pythium irregulare (Table 1; Godiard et al., 2003; Llorente et al., 2005; Adie et al., 2007). The enhanced susceptibility to P. cucumerina and the cell wall features of the er mutant, including its reduced xylose ...
Increased root hair density by loss of WRKY6 in Arabidopsis
Increased root hair density by loss of WRKY6 in Arabidopsis

... are found in different species, with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana having a simple, regular pattern ideally suited for genetic dissection of the underlying genetics (Datta et al., 2011). Root hairs provide a competitive advantage to Arabidopsis thaliana (Bates & Lynch, 2001) and barley (Gahoo ...
the fine-tuning of the endomembrane system
the fine-tuning of the endomembrane system

... Chapter 5 addresses the putative regulatory mechanisms of membrane fusion with the symbiosome membrane. During the formation of infected cell new protrusions of the plasma membrane (infection threads, cell wall-free unwalled droplets and symbiosomes) are formed. These separate the bacteria from the ...
Journal of Bacteriology
Journal of Bacteriology

... with the analysis of lysozyme-degraded murein sacculi, which shows that mainly tetrapeptides and a small amount of tripeptides are found (33). Besides the transpeptidase, the D-alanine carboxypeptidase I (16) may also play a role in the formation of tetrapeptide from pentapeptide. Both enzymes are s ...
Keystone Exam Study Guide
Keystone Exam Study Guide

... DNA and Chromosomes – Cell Reproduction, Heredity, and Protein Synthesis Cell Reproduction (Unit 8) BIO.B.1.1 Describe the three stages of the cell cycle: interphase, nuclear division, cytokinesis. ...
Cytoplasmic streaming in plants
Cytoplasmic streaming in plants

... www.sciencedirect.com ...
Immune complexes formed following the binding of
Immune complexes formed following the binding of

Slits affect the timely migration of neural crest cells via robo receptor
Slits affect the timely migration of neural crest cells via robo receptor

... HH14–15 were electroporated with control GFP (A, C, E) or mSlit1 (B, F), hSlit2 (D) plasmids and incubated for 24 hpe (A, B arrows point to forelimb area) or 48 hpe (C–F arrows point to hindlimb area). Cells were visualized with anti-GFP or anti-myc for Slit1. Neural crest cells expressing Slit1 or ...
hematopoietic stem cells: to be or notch to be
hematopoietic stem cells: to be or notch to be

... of the Notch pathway in the different stages of HSC ontology from embryonic life to fetal and adult bone marrow stem cells. In addition, we will briefly examine other systems where Notch regulates specific stem cell capacities, in an attempt to understand how Notch functions in Stem Cell Biology. ...
Endocytic membrane fusion and buckling
Endocytic membrane fusion and buckling

... partly due to difficulties in identifying the stage of cell progression through telophase. Although cells progress from metaphase to telophase in 20–30 minutes, telophase often lasts up to 2–3 hours before daughter cells undergo their final separation. Traditionally, after the formation of a contrac ...
Cell Alloimmunization Hemin Controls T Cell Polarization in Sickle
Cell Alloimmunization Hemin Controls T Cell Polarization in Sickle

... of alloimmunization and identification of risk factors for alloimmunization in patients with SCD. Genetic as well as acquired patient-related factors are likely to influence the process of alloimmunization (3). We recently reported reduced peripheral regulatory T cell (Treg) and B cell suppressive f ...
Copyright Information of the Article Published Online TITLE Dynamic
Copyright Information of the Article Published Online TITLE Dynamic

Biology - Fairfield Area School District
Biology - Fairfield Area School District

... Unit Essential Question(s): 1. What is cell theory? 2. What is the structure and function of eukaryote organelles? 3. What is the structure and function of the cell membrane? 4. What are the similarities and differences between diffusion and osmosis? 5. How does the cell use active transport, endocy ...
Regulation of Metabolic Events during Embryo Development
Regulation of Metabolic Events during Embryo Development

... biochemical events that are involved in regulation of embryo development in Norway spruce. Embryogenesis involves coordination of multicellular patterning events which are critical for establishment of the apical-basal plan of the plant. Due to similarities with zygotic embryogenesis, the process of ...
Enhancement of Murine Lymphokine-activated Killer Cell Activity by
Enhancement of Murine Lymphokine-activated Killer Cell Activity by

... (12, 13). Because it is weakly immunogenic and highly tumorigenic, the major biological characteristics mimicking that of human disease, JC is a more suitable model for experimental immunotherapy than other chemically or virally induced mam mary tumor models. Using JC as the target, we have demon st ...
Figures and figure supplements
Figures and figure supplements

ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation:   GENETIC REGULATION OF AUTOPHAGIC CELL... Sudeshna Dutta, Doctor of Philosophy, 2008
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: GENETIC REGULATION OF AUTOPHAGIC CELL... Sudeshna Dutta, Doctor of Philosophy, 2008

... grateful for what he has done for me. My cordial thank to my committee member and MOCB program director Dr. Leslie Pick for her guidance and support. I am also grateful to my other committee members: Dr. Louisa Wu for her suggestions and encouragements, Dr. Stephen Mount for his guidance and advice, ...
Building and Breaking Bridges between Sister Chromatids
Building and Breaking Bridges between Sister Chromatids

... tension, which is counteracted by cohesion between the sisters. No tension is generated if both sister kinetochores have been attached to microtubules from the same pole, known as syntelic attachment. (B) The cohesin cycle. Cohesin complexes are loaded onto chromosomes before the onset of DNA replic ...
A Pd8 Tetrafacial Molecular Barrel as Carrier for Water Insoluble
A Pd8 Tetrafacial Molecular Barrel as Carrier for Water Insoluble

... etal−ligand coordination driven self-assembly has evolved as a powerful approach to achieve discrete nanometer-sized molecular architectures.1 After the successful synthesis of the famous “molecular square” in 1990 via this approach, the next two decades have seen a tremendous growth in this field wi ...
Life, Death, and Cell Proliferation
Life, Death, and Cell Proliferation

Regulation of the initiation of chromosomal replication in bacteria
Regulation of the initiation of chromosomal replication in bacteria

... to be more intricate in organisms that undergo a complex life cycle or in those that have to adapt to highly fluctuating environmental conditions. Under unfavourable conditions, the growth rate should be reduced and/or the bacteria should undergo morphological changes. In these organisms the decisio ...
Distinct Cellular Expression Pattern of Annexins in Hydra vulgaris
Distinct Cellular Expression Pattern of Annexins in Hydra vulgaris

... A hydra has a simple body plan. It is essentially a tube with a head at one end and a foot at the other. The head consists of the hypostome, a domelike mouth structure surrounded by a ring of tentacles. The foot is a disc of cells that secrete a sticky substance which anchors the animal to surfaces. ...
TNF-induced endothelial barrier disruption: beyond actin and Rho
TNF-induced endothelial barrier disruption: beyond actin and Rho

... TNF, also known as TNFα, is a cytokine with pleiotropic effects in many cell types that is expressed as a type II transmembrane protein mainly by macrophages, dendritic cells and T-cells (3, 4). Upon arrival at the plasma membrane, some of the TNF molecules are shed by the metalloproteinase TNFα-con ...
What is bad in cancer is good in the embryo: Importance of EMT in
What is bad in cancer is good in the embryo: Importance of EMT in

... membrane [35]. Over-expression of Cad6B caused an ectopic loss of polarity, as demonstrated by disruption of ZO-1 expression that lead to a general lack of epithelial integrity. However, the mesenchymal cells were not able to break through the basement membrane but instead accumulated in the lumen o ...
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Cell growth

The term cell growth is used in the contexts of cell development and cell division (reproduction). When used in the context of cell division, it refers to growth of cell populations, where a cell, known as the ""mother cell"", grows and divides to produce two ""daughter cells"" (M phase). When used in the context of cell development, the term refers to increase in cytoplasmic and organelle volume (G1 phase), as well as increase in genetic material (G2 phase) following the replication during S phase.
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