Analysis of the Golgi Apparatus in Arabidopsis Seed
... network (TGN) was small, compared with other stages of development (Figure 1B). In many cases, the Golgi appeared cupshaped, with the TGN on the concave surface. During mucilage secretion (7 DPA), seed coat epidermal cells had well-developed, ring-shaped mucilage pockets between the plasma membrane ...
... network (TGN) was small, compared with other stages of development (Figure 1B). In many cases, the Golgi appeared cupshaped, with the TGN on the concave surface. During mucilage secretion (7 DPA), seed coat epidermal cells had well-developed, ring-shaped mucilage pockets between the plasma membrane ...
hsf2a.zip
... two isoforms, HSF2A and HSF2B, which arise from alternative splicing of a common hsf2 gene. Under basal conditions, both HSF2 isoforms are ineffective in activating the hsp70 transcription. However, heat shock differentially activates HSF2A in vivo. This phenomenon appears to be physiologically sign ...
... two isoforms, HSF2A and HSF2B, which arise from alternative splicing of a common hsf2 gene. Under basal conditions, both HSF2 isoforms are ineffective in activating the hsp70 transcription. However, heat shock differentially activates HSF2A in vivo. This phenomenon appears to be physiologically sign ...
Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Plant Cell Interactions and Activities
... Schilperoort 1992, Newell 2000). Using such modified strains and appropriate selectable markers, the host range over which DNA can be transferred now includes species ranging from other bacteria, fungi, virtually all classes of plants, and even to some mammalian cells (Lacroix et al. 2006). The inten ...
... Schilperoort 1992, Newell 2000). Using such modified strains and appropriate selectable markers, the host range over which DNA can be transferred now includes species ranging from other bacteria, fungi, virtually all classes of plants, and even to some mammalian cells (Lacroix et al. 2006). The inten ...
FORMATION OF THE SCAPULAR PART OF THE PECTORAL
... cleithrum is represented by a narrow bone band at the frontal margin of the suprascapula and, therefore, its shape differ from that in adult fire-bellied toads. DISCUSSION Braus (1909) described two mesenchymal condensations within the scapular part of pectoral girdle in yellow-bellied toad: one of ...
... cleithrum is represented by a narrow bone band at the frontal margin of the suprascapula and, therefore, its shape differ from that in adult fire-bellied toads. DISCUSSION Braus (1909) described two mesenchymal condensations within the scapular part of pectoral girdle in yellow-bellied toad: one of ...
Full Text - Global Science Books
... REFERENCES........................................................................................................................................................................................... 223 ...
... REFERENCES........................................................................................................................................................................................... 223 ...
Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Plant Cell - igem
... Schilperoort 1992, Newell 2000). Using such modified strains and appropriate selectable markers, the host range over which DNA can be transferred now includes species ranging from other bacteria, fungi, virtually all classes of plants, and even to some mammalian cells (Lacroix et al. 2006). The inte ...
... Schilperoort 1992, Newell 2000). Using such modified strains and appropriate selectable markers, the host range over which DNA can be transferred now includes species ranging from other bacteria, fungi, virtually all classes of plants, and even to some mammalian cells (Lacroix et al. 2006). The inte ...
Gram`s staining - Micro-Rao
... Propionibacterium have cell walls particularly sensitive to breakage during cell division, resulting in Gram-negative staining of these cells. In cultures of Bacillus, and Clostridium a decrease in peptidoglycan thickness during cell growth may cause some of them to appear Gram negative. Certain gro ...
... Propionibacterium have cell walls particularly sensitive to breakage during cell division, resulting in Gram-negative staining of these cells. In cultures of Bacillus, and Clostridium a decrease in peptidoglycan thickness during cell growth may cause some of them to appear Gram negative. Certain gro ...
LIU-THESIS - eCommons@USASK
... system to examine the role of the apoplast in intracellular freezing avoidance. Since intracellular freezing avoidance is critical to both sensitive and resistant plants, non-acclimated and cold acclimated onion tissue was compared. The large 250 (length) x 50 (width) x 90 µm (thickness) intact sing ...
... system to examine the role of the apoplast in intracellular freezing avoidance. Since intracellular freezing avoidance is critical to both sensitive and resistant plants, non-acclimated and cold acclimated onion tissue was compared. The large 250 (length) x 50 (width) x 90 µm (thickness) intact sing ...
Enzymatic reduction of disulfide bonds in lysosomes
... eduction, oxidation, and isomerization of protein disulfide bonds in the cytosol and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of eukaryotic cells are carried out by enzymes of the thioredoxin family (1). Protein disulfide isomerase and related molecules catalyze the formation and isomerization of protein disulfid ...
... eduction, oxidation, and isomerization of protein disulfide bonds in the cytosol and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of eukaryotic cells are carried out by enzymes of the thioredoxin family (1). Protein disulfide isomerase and related molecules catalyze the formation and isomerization of protein disulfid ...
ROLE OF SPINDLE MICROTUBULES IN THE
... the mechanisms that control the timing of cell cycle events. Eggs are treated for 4 min with Colcemid at prophase of the first mitosis. No microtubules are assembled for at least 3 h, and the eggs do not divide. These eggs show repeated cycles of nuclear envelope breakdown (NEB) and nuclear envelope ...
... the mechanisms that control the timing of cell cycle events. Eggs are treated for 4 min with Colcemid at prophase of the first mitosis. No microtubules are assembled for at least 3 h, and the eggs do not divide. These eggs show repeated cycles of nuclear envelope breakdown (NEB) and nuclear envelope ...
Signaling Mechanisms That Regulate Smooth Muscle Cell
... activity play a major role in the regulation of SMC differentiation. Hendrix et al demonstrated that myocardin mRNA expression was significantly reduced in rat carotid arteries following wire injury in a time course that closely paralleled the downregulation of SMC differentiation marker gene expres ...
... activity play a major role in the regulation of SMC differentiation. Hendrix et al demonstrated that myocardin mRNA expression was significantly reduced in rat carotid arteries following wire injury in a time course that closely paralleled the downregulation of SMC differentiation marker gene expres ...
The avian organizer
... streak expressing also organizer markers. (Streit et al., 1998). This finding was at first sight unexpected after the identification of chordin as a bona fide neural inducer in Xenopus (Kessel and Pera, 1998). It appears that neural inducing factors are not yet expressed in or near Koller’s sickle. ...
... streak expressing also organizer markers. (Streit et al., 1998). This finding was at first sight unexpected after the identification of chordin as a bona fide neural inducer in Xenopus (Kessel and Pera, 1998). It appears that neural inducing factors are not yet expressed in or near Koller’s sickle. ...
Macrophages but Not MyD88, in Bacteria
... http://www.jimmunol.org/content/173/5/3320.full#ref-list-1 Information about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: http://jimmunol.org/subscription ...
... http://www.jimmunol.org/content/173/5/3320.full#ref-list-1 Information about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: http://jimmunol.org/subscription ...
Spherical particles of halophilic archaea correlate with exposure to
... ancient sediments (Radax et al., 2001; Fish et al., 2002), repeated isolations from the same site (Stan-Lotter et al., 1999), and recent reports of successful haloarchaeal cultivations from well-dated bore cores (Schubert et al., 2010; Gramain et al., 2011) supported the presence of biological mater ...
... ancient sediments (Radax et al., 2001; Fish et al., 2002), repeated isolations from the same site (Stan-Lotter et al., 1999), and recent reports of successful haloarchaeal cultivations from well-dated bore cores (Schubert et al., 2010; Gramain et al., 2011) supported the presence of biological mater ...
Hedgehog signaling and yolk sac angiogenesis
... islands (arrows, Fig. 1A). The position of the Ptch-expressing cells in a layer surrounding the blood island suggests that they could be endothelial, mesothelial or perhaps vascular smooth muscle cells. We therefore examined the expression of molecular markers for these cell types in both R1 Ptch-la ...
... islands (arrows, Fig. 1A). The position of the Ptch-expressing cells in a layer surrounding the blood island suggests that they could be endothelial, mesothelial or perhaps vascular smooth muscle cells. We therefore examined the expression of molecular markers for these cell types in both R1 Ptch-la ...
ORDINARy DIFFERENTIAL EqUATIONS AND CELLULAR
... Definition and properties of ABMs The range of agent interactions: • global interaction (every agent interacts with every other agent); • local interaction (every agent only interacts with a local neighborhood of other agents); • local interaction with some degree of global reach (e.g., small-world ...
... Definition and properties of ABMs The range of agent interactions: • global interaction (every agent interacts with every other agent); • local interaction (every agent only interacts with a local neighborhood of other agents); • local interaction with some degree of global reach (e.g., small-world ...
Coordination of peptidoglycan synthesis and outer membrane
... for viability. Several prominent classes of antibiotics (e.g., β-lactams and glycopeptides) inhibit PG synthesis, causing lysis and cell death (Schneider and Sahl, 2010). In Gram-negative bacteria, the outer membrane (OM), an asymmetric bilayer of phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides, surrounds the ...
... for viability. Several prominent classes of antibiotics (e.g., β-lactams and glycopeptides) inhibit PG synthesis, causing lysis and cell death (Schneider and Sahl, 2010). In Gram-negative bacteria, the outer membrane (OM), an asymmetric bilayer of phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides, surrounds the ...
Glucose-6-phosphate Metabolic Preferential Destinations
... Background: The oviduct is a dynamic organ which facilitates gamete function, fertilization and embryo development. This organ is covered by an epithelium containing ciliated and non-ciliated cells. Secretions of non-ciliated cells compose the oviduct fluid, which will nourish the early embryo. Duri ...
... Background: The oviduct is a dynamic organ which facilitates gamete function, fertilization and embryo development. This organ is covered by an epithelium containing ciliated and non-ciliated cells. Secretions of non-ciliated cells compose the oviduct fluid, which will nourish the early embryo. Duri ...
Characterization of transport systems for cysteine, lysine, alanine
... For autoradiographic detection of the sites of radiolabeled AA uptake, the slides were dipped in Ilford L4 gel emulsion, air dried, and exposed at 4°C in a lightproof box with silica gel desiccant. The length of exposure for 35S-Cys, 3H-Leu, 3H-Ala, and 3H-Lys was 9, 11, 12, and 21 d, respectively. ...
... For autoradiographic detection of the sites of radiolabeled AA uptake, the slides were dipped in Ilford L4 gel emulsion, air dried, and exposed at 4°C in a lightproof box with silica gel desiccant. The length of exposure for 35S-Cys, 3H-Leu, 3H-Ala, and 3H-Lys was 9, 11, 12, and 21 d, respectively. ...
Formation of Enzymes of Autotrophic Metabolism
... Organism. Alcaligenes eutrophus strain H16 (ATCC 17699, DSM 428) was used throughout this study. Media and growth conditions. The medium of Schlegel et al. (196 1) was used for precultures and cultures up to volumes of 300 ml for autotrophic and heterotrophic growth in 1 1 baffled Erlenmeyer flasks. ...
... Organism. Alcaligenes eutrophus strain H16 (ATCC 17699, DSM 428) was used throughout this study. Media and growth conditions. The medium of Schlegel et al. (196 1) was used for precultures and cultures up to volumes of 300 ml for autotrophic and heterotrophic growth in 1 1 baffled Erlenmeyer flasks. ...
E-cadherin controls β-catenin and NF
... 480 cells the activity of the fibronectin and LEF1 promoters was upregulated by co-expression of VP16-Rel (supplementary material Fig. S4), a fusion chimera containing the Rel DNA-binding domain of NF-κB-p65 and the transactivator domain of VP-16. We checked with ChIP experiments whether binding of ...
... 480 cells the activity of the fibronectin and LEF1 promoters was upregulated by co-expression of VP16-Rel (supplementary material Fig. S4), a fusion chimera containing the Rel DNA-binding domain of NF-κB-p65 and the transactivator domain of VP-16. We checked with ChIP experiments whether binding of ...
CARON, DAVID A., KAREN G. PORTER, AND ROBERT W
... ing this growth phase, chloroplast autofluorescence became readily apparent by epifluorescence microscopy, and clumping of the cells was visible macroscopically. Algal cells in the inorganic medium without bacteria remained autofluorescent and viable in the light, but changes in population density w ...
... ing this growth phase, chloroplast autofluorescence became readily apparent by epifluorescence microscopy, and clumping of the cells was visible macroscopically. Algal cells in the inorganic medium without bacteria remained autofluorescent and viable in the light, but changes in population density w ...
Slits affect the timely migration of neural crest cells via robo receptor
... reduced Slit expression is associated with more aggressive cancer types. Furthermore, Slit2 was found to regulate beta-catenin expression, which is critical during cell migration transitions (Kim et al., 2008; Prasad et al., 2008; Tseng et al., 2010). Altogether these data suggested that Slit-Robo i ...
... reduced Slit expression is associated with more aggressive cancer types. Furthermore, Slit2 was found to regulate beta-catenin expression, which is critical during cell migration transitions (Kim et al., 2008; Prasad et al., 2008; Tseng et al., 2010). Altogether these data suggested that Slit-Robo i ...
Electron Tomographic Analysis of Somatic Cell Plate Formation in
... accumulates thereafter, reaching a maximum during the late PFS stage, when most cell plate growth is completed. ...
... accumulates thereafter, reaching a maximum during the late PFS stage, when most cell plate growth is completed. ...
Extended PDF
... To investigate this hypothesis, we visualized exopolysaccharide by fluorescence microscopy by using a conjugate of the carbohydrate-binding protein concanavalin A with Texas red (Figure 3) (McSwain et al., 2005). As evidence of specificity, the conjugate decorated wild-type cells but not cells from ...
... To investigate this hypothesis, we visualized exopolysaccharide by fluorescence microscopy by using a conjugate of the carbohydrate-binding protein concanavalin A with Texas red (Figure 3) (McSwain et al., 2005). As evidence of specificity, the conjugate decorated wild-type cells but not cells from ...
Cell culture
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.