THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
... Each alveoli wall usually lies between two neighbouring alveoli and is called an inter-alveolar septum. An alveolar septum consists of two thin squamous epithelial layers between which lie capillaries, fibroblasts, elastic and reticular fibers and macrophages. The capillaries and the connectiv ...
... Each alveoli wall usually lies between two neighbouring alveoli and is called an inter-alveolar septum. An alveolar septum consists of two thin squamous epithelial layers between which lie capillaries, fibroblasts, elastic and reticular fibers and macrophages. The capillaries and the connectiv ...
Tissues PowerPoint
... • Connective tissue remains mitotic and forms repair (scar) tissue • With some exceptions, muscle tissue becomes amitotic by the end of puberty • Nervous tissue becomes amitotic shortly after birth. © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... • Connective tissue remains mitotic and forms repair (scar) tissue • With some exceptions, muscle tissue becomes amitotic by the end of puberty • Nervous tissue becomes amitotic shortly after birth. © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Generation of Intersubtype Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
... in CD4-positive cells. The characterization of biological properties of those recombinant viruses demonstrated viral production occurring only during a transient peak early on infection and that they are not able to down-regulate the expression of CD4 receptor on the cell surface. We also report the ...
... in CD4-positive cells. The characterization of biological properties of those recombinant viruses demonstrated viral production occurring only during a transient peak early on infection and that they are not able to down-regulate the expression of CD4 receptor on the cell surface. We also report the ...
Human Reproduction
... Clitoris-small, sensitive organ in front of the vagina Coitus-synonym for sexual intercourse Conception-fertilization of an egg cell by a sperm cell Corpus Luteum - After ovulation, this crater-like structure produces progesterone and estrogen. The corpus luteum is the old RUPTURED GRAFFIAN follicle ...
... Clitoris-small, sensitive organ in front of the vagina Coitus-synonym for sexual intercourse Conception-fertilization of an egg cell by a sperm cell Corpus Luteum - After ovulation, this crater-like structure produces progesterone and estrogen. The corpus luteum is the old RUPTURED GRAFFIAN follicle ...
AP & Regents Biology
... Plant cell types in tissues Sclerenchyma very thick, lignified secondary walls = support rigid cells that can’t elongate dead at functional maturity ...
... Plant cell types in tissues Sclerenchyma very thick, lignified secondary walls = support rigid cells that can’t elongate dead at functional maturity ...
Photosynthesis
... - The brain is in the cranial cavity, and - The spinal cord is in the vertebral cavity Ventral cavity/ anterior (toward the front) is divided by the diaphragm into - The thoracic cavity (includes heart and lungs) and - The abdominal cavity (most other internal organs) - The pelvic cavity ...
... - The brain is in the cranial cavity, and - The spinal cord is in the vertebral cavity Ventral cavity/ anterior (toward the front) is divided by the diaphragm into - The thoracic cavity (includes heart and lungs) and - The abdominal cavity (most other internal organs) - The pelvic cavity ...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
... with commonly used basic aniline dyes , such as these used in the Gram stain . 4. These organisms resist decolorization by acidified alcohol (3% hydrochloric acid ) after prolonged application of a basic fuchsin dye or with heating of this dye following its application . 5. This important property o ...
... with commonly used basic aniline dyes , such as these used in the Gram stain . 4. These organisms resist decolorization by acidified alcohol (3% hydrochloric acid ) after prolonged application of a basic fuchsin dye or with heating of this dye following its application . 5. This important property o ...
zjawisko oddzia*ywania allelopatycznego sinic i glonów w
... Poland (Latała 2003; Latała et al. 2006). Tests on the “batch cultures” were carried out in 100 ml glass Erlenmeyer flasks containing sterilized f/2 medium (Guillard 1975). The media were prepared from Baltic water with salinity of about 8 psu, which was filtered through glass fiber filters (Whatman ...
... Poland (Latała 2003; Latała et al. 2006). Tests on the “batch cultures” were carried out in 100 ml glass Erlenmeyer flasks containing sterilized f/2 medium (Guillard 1975). The media were prepared from Baltic water with salinity of about 8 psu, which was filtered through glass fiber filters (Whatman ...
T cell responses to Chlamydia trachomatis
... There is significant data demonstrating that both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are involved in controlling C. trachomatis infection. In human and animal models, both T cell subsets are detected at the site of C. trachomatis infection [8–10]. In addition, adoptive transfer of either immune splenocytes or C. ...
... There is significant data demonstrating that both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are involved in controlling C. trachomatis infection. In human and animal models, both T cell subsets are detected at the site of C. trachomatis infection [8–10]. In addition, adoptive transfer of either immune splenocytes or C. ...
The identification of mature and immature leucocytes in
... Clusters of azurophilic granules may be seen (see note). Nucleus: Round, dense chromatin. Nucleus may be clefted. Nucleoli are occasionally visible in mature lymphocytes. Note: In high magnification, the cytoplasmic cluster of dark granules in the lymphocyte in picture 3 actually seem to lie in a ’v ...
... Clusters of azurophilic granules may be seen (see note). Nucleus: Round, dense chromatin. Nucleus may be clefted. Nucleoli are occasionally visible in mature lymphocytes. Note: In high magnification, the cytoplasmic cluster of dark granules in the lymphocyte in picture 3 actually seem to lie in a ’v ...
Demonstration by single-cell PCR that Reed–Sternberg cells and
... the standard B95.8 genome (Table 2). Interestingly, these point mutations in the LMP-1 gene have already been described in HD and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (Knecht et al., 1993). As suggested in a previous report (Meggetto et al., 1997), the results of the present study further support the suggestion ...
... the standard B95.8 genome (Table 2). Interestingly, these point mutations in the LMP-1 gene have already been described in HD and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (Knecht et al., 1993). As suggested in a previous report (Meggetto et al., 1997), the results of the present study further support the suggestion ...
Fertilization & Development
... The embryo develops in the uterus. The eggs of mammals have little yolk and are therefore very small. Within the uterus, an organ called the placenta is formed from the embryonic and maternal tissues. The placenta is where the exchange of respiratory gases, nutrients, and wastes occurs between the m ...
... The embryo develops in the uterus. The eggs of mammals have little yolk and are therefore very small. Within the uterus, an organ called the placenta is formed from the embryonic and maternal tissues. The placenta is where the exchange of respiratory gases, nutrients, and wastes occurs between the m ...
Strategies and New Developments in the Generation of Patient-Specific Pluripotent Stem Cells Yamanaka, REVIEW (2007) Cell Stem Cell 1. July 2007 pp 39- 49.
... the pluripotency of hybrid cells. The final proof of complete reprogramming would be to show that such hybrid cells remain pluripotent even after removal of all of the ES cell-derived chromosomes. Rejection upon implantation remains an issue with hybrid cells because of the ES cell-derived chromosom ...
... the pluripotency of hybrid cells. The final proof of complete reprogramming would be to show that such hybrid cells remain pluripotent even after removal of all of the ES cell-derived chromosomes. Rejection upon implantation remains an issue with hybrid cells because of the ES cell-derived chromosom ...
Article - Research | www.stowers.org
... to the MF. This suggests that the MF response is distributed over the entire anterior compartment of the developing eye. In addition, optical sagittal sections (Figure 1D) revealed that, in the anterior compartment, cells become increasingly taller along the anterior-posterior axis; cells in the ant ...
... to the MF. This suggests that the MF response is distributed over the entire anterior compartment of the developing eye. In addition, optical sagittal sections (Figure 1D) revealed that, in the anterior compartment, cells become increasingly taller along the anterior-posterior axis; cells in the ant ...
Human induced pluripotent stem cells derived hepatocytes: rising
... Another prospective area of using iPSC-hepatocytes is the drug development. Hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity are two principal causes of drug failure in preclinical development (Rubin, 2008). Isolated primary human hepatocytes are the current “gold standard” in vitro model for drug metabolism and t ...
... Another prospective area of using iPSC-hepatocytes is the drug development. Hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity are two principal causes of drug failure in preclinical development (Rubin, 2008). Isolated primary human hepatocytes are the current “gold standard” in vitro model for drug metabolism and t ...
Cytokines T Cells: Role of CD86 and
... Unlike classical ␣ T cells, V␦2 T cells are endowed with the capacity to interact with low molecular mass phosphate-containing nonprocessed Ags, such as pyrophosphomonoesters (6) and alkylamines (7). Recognition of these antigenic compounds is TCR mediated but does not require presentation by conve ...
... Unlike classical ␣ T cells, V␦2 T cells are endowed with the capacity to interact with low molecular mass phosphate-containing nonprocessed Ags, such as pyrophosphomonoesters (6) and alkylamines (7). Recognition of these antigenic compounds is TCR mediated but does not require presentation by conve ...
B. - Genetics
... environmental conditions and acquisition of novel phenotypic traits. Several mechanisms exist to ensure stability and to prevent variation: recombination and DNA repair prevent mutation; the effects of mutation on protein structure are minimized by codon redundancy; gene expression and enzyme activi ...
... environmental conditions and acquisition of novel phenotypic traits. Several mechanisms exist to ensure stability and to prevent variation: recombination and DNA repair prevent mutation; the effects of mutation on protein structure are minimized by codon redundancy; gene expression and enzyme activi ...
Fig. 3D - Journal of Cell Science
... shRNA cells with a red fluorescent dye (CMTPX) and mixed them with normal MDCK cells at a ratio of 1:10. The mixture of cells was cultured in the absence of tetracycline until a monolayer was formed. We then added tetracycline to induce knockdown of Scribble and followed the fate of Scribble-knockdo ...
... shRNA cells with a red fluorescent dye (CMTPX) and mixed them with normal MDCK cells at a ratio of 1:10. The mixture of cells was cultured in the absence of tetracycline until a monolayer was formed. We then added tetracycline to induce knockdown of Scribble and followed the fate of Scribble-knockdo ...
Heat Shock Response and Protein Degradation
... that HSF2 may have target genes distinct from those of HSF1, as well as differing specificities for common target genes. These speculations have been corroborated by various recent observations. Analyses of the transcriptional properties of human HSF1 and HSF2 in yeast have identified differences in ...
... that HSF2 may have target genes distinct from those of HSF1, as well as differing specificities for common target genes. These speculations have been corroborated by various recent observations. Analyses of the transcriptional properties of human HSF1 and HSF2 in yeast have identified differences in ...
Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells: Implications for theTreatment of
... biological properties of pancreatic cancer stem cells from primary human pancreatic cancers. A good place to start is to perform global gene profiling of pancreatic cancer stem cells compared with nontumorigenic pancreatic cancer cells and normal pancreatic epithelial cells to understand the signali ...
... biological properties of pancreatic cancer stem cells from primary human pancreatic cancers. A good place to start is to perform global gene profiling of pancreatic cancer stem cells compared with nontumorigenic pancreatic cancer cells and normal pancreatic epithelial cells to understand the signali ...
7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
... proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell. Lysosomes also break down organelles that have outlived their usefulness. Slide 26 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
... proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell. Lysosomes also break down organelles that have outlived their usefulness. Slide 26 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
Phosphorylation of initiation factor2 is required for
... of the exchange of eIF2-bound GDP for GTP. As GTP binding to eIF2 is a prerequisite to Met-tRNAi binding, phosphorylation of eIF2a effectively inhibits eIF2 recycling and consequently inhibits additional translation initiation steps (reviewed in [4]). The control mechanisms that govern the rate of g ...
... of the exchange of eIF2-bound GDP for GTP. As GTP binding to eIF2 is a prerequisite to Met-tRNAi binding, phosphorylation of eIF2a effectively inhibits eIF2 recycling and consequently inhibits additional translation initiation steps (reviewed in [4]). The control mechanisms that govern the rate of g ...
Anatomy, Ultrastructure and Physiology of Hornwort Stomata
... dominant life stage of homworts. The gametophyte is a simple thallus, superficially resembling that of simple thalliod liverworts. The sporophyte consists of a foot embedded in the gametophyte and a long cylindrical sporangium. A basal meristem indeterminately produces new cells throughout the growi ...
... dominant life stage of homworts. The gametophyte is a simple thallus, superficially resembling that of simple thalliod liverworts. The sporophyte consists of a foot embedded in the gametophyte and a long cylindrical sporangium. A basal meristem indeterminately produces new cells throughout the growi ...
The Prokaryotes
... These are biliproteins, or phycobilins. One type of biliprotein common to blue-greens is phycocyanin, a blue pigment, which absorbs light energy maximally at 625Ð630 nm, towards the red end of the visible spectrum. Cyanobacteria which have both chlorophyll a and phycocyanin are typically blue-green ...
... These are biliproteins, or phycobilins. One type of biliprotein common to blue-greens is phycocyanin, a blue pigment, which absorbs light energy maximally at 625Ð630 nm, towards the red end of the visible spectrum. Cyanobacteria which have both chlorophyll a and phycocyanin are typically blue-green ...
Cell culture
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.