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... the levels found in the serum and within lavage fluid of the peritoneal cavity, a site not related to the infection (Fig. 1a,b). Pleural lavage fluid had significantly increased levels of both antigen specific and total IgM 11 days post infection; whereas the peritoneal cavity showed no increase in IgM ...
... the levels found in the serum and within lavage fluid of the peritoneal cavity, a site not related to the infection (Fig. 1a,b). Pleural lavage fluid had significantly increased levels of both antigen specific and total IgM 11 days post infection; whereas the peritoneal cavity showed no increase in IgM ...
Pathogen derived elicitors: searching for receptors in plants
... receptors for this vast array of elicitors is a major research challenge. Only in a very few cases has the cognate receptor for a particular elicitor been identified. Biochemical studies have resulted in the characterization of some elicitor binding proteins that may be part of the recognition compl ...
... receptors for this vast array of elicitors is a major research challenge. Only in a very few cases has the cognate receptor for a particular elicitor been identified. Biochemical studies have resulted in the characterization of some elicitor binding proteins that may be part of the recognition compl ...
Linköping University Post Print Neutralizing activity and cellular immune
... sera. Microbial infected cells that undergo apoptosis can be taken up by neighboring antigen presenting cells such as dendritic cells and allow for efficient antigen presentation on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules without infecting the antigen presenting cells [1] . T ...
... sera. Microbial infected cells that undergo apoptosis can be taken up by neighboring antigen presenting cells such as dendritic cells and allow for efficient antigen presentation on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules without infecting the antigen presenting cells [1] . T ...
Structural and Functional Comparisons of Retroviral Envelope
... particles. Env is translated as a polyprotein that is subsequently extensively post-translationally modified during trafficking through the biosynthetic pathway (reviewed for HIV in [1]). Briefly, Env is cleaved by a furin-like protease in the Golgi into its two subunits: the surface unit (SU) prote ...
... particles. Env is translated as a polyprotein that is subsequently extensively post-translationally modified during trafficking through the biosynthetic pathway (reviewed for HIV in [1]). Briefly, Env is cleaved by a furin-like protease in the Golgi into its two subunits: the surface unit (SU) prote ...
Embryonic Stem Cells: from Blastocyst to in vitro Differentiation
... Embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of the mammalian blastocyst. The first mammalian ES cell lines were derived from mouse blastocyst in 1981 from two independent groups (Evans and Kaufman, 1981; Martin, 1981). One distinct property of ES cells is that they remain diploid ...
... Embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of the mammalian blastocyst. The first mammalian ES cell lines were derived from mouse blastocyst in 1981 from two independent groups (Evans and Kaufman, 1981; Martin, 1981). One distinct property of ES cells is that they remain diploid ...
Cell Structure and Functions
... 1. The invention of the microscope made it possible for people to discover a. plants. b. skin. c. animals. d. cells. 2. Which of the following statements is part of the cell theory? a. Only plants are composed of cells. b. All cells are produced from other cells. c. Cells can be produced from nonliv ...
... 1. The invention of the microscope made it possible for people to discover a. plants. b. skin. c. animals. d. cells. 2. Which of the following statements is part of the cell theory? a. Only plants are composed of cells. b. All cells are produced from other cells. c. Cells can be produced from nonliv ...
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... heterozygous for hop alleles, the side-by-side oocytes each had four ring canals, indicating that they were derived from separate 16-cell cysts (Fig. 3I,J). These results indicate that the ability of Pak mutant germaria to encapsulate side-by-side cysts into separate follicular epithelia is due to e ...
... heterozygous for hop alleles, the side-by-side oocytes each had four ring canals, indicating that they were derived from separate 16-cell cysts (Fig. 3I,J). These results indicate that the ability of Pak mutant germaria to encapsulate side-by-side cysts into separate follicular epithelia is due to e ...
Ccbe1 regulates Vegfc-mediated induction of Vegfr3
... terminus of the protein. The protein localizes to secretory vesicles (Alders et al., 2009), and is secreted to the ECM, where it binds proteins such as collagens or vitronectin (Bos et al., 2011). Consistently, Ccbe1 functions non-cell-autonomously in zebrafish (Hogan et al., 2009a). There are no de ...
... terminus of the protein. The protein localizes to secretory vesicles (Alders et al., 2009), and is secreted to the ECM, where it binds proteins such as collagens or vitronectin (Bos et al., 2011). Consistently, Ccbe1 functions non-cell-autonomously in zebrafish (Hogan et al., 2009a). There are no de ...
Integrin inside-out signaling and
... environments. Their extracellular domains bind to ligands on the surface of other cells or in the extracellular matrix, while their cytoplasmic domains bind to cytoskeletal-associated proteins. ‘Outside-in’ signals received by cells through other receptors such as tyrosine kinases and G protein-coup ...
... environments. Their extracellular domains bind to ligands on the surface of other cells or in the extracellular matrix, while their cytoplasmic domains bind to cytoskeletal-associated proteins. ‘Outside-in’ signals received by cells through other receptors such as tyrosine kinases and G protein-coup ...
cell to cell interaction in the immune response v. target cells for
... and that a marked specific depression of the response to SRBC is maintained for ...
... and that a marked specific depression of the response to SRBC is maintained for ...
REVIEWS - Brandeis Life Sciences
... Lillie and Viktor Hamburger, as well as their scientific ‘children’, ‘grandchildren’ and more distant ‘relatives’, key principles of neural development have been elucidated (TIMELINE). Although the goal of experimental embryology seems rather simple, embryos are tiny, delicate and surprisingly compl ...
... Lillie and Viktor Hamburger, as well as their scientific ‘children’, ‘grandchildren’ and more distant ‘relatives’, key principles of neural development have been elucidated (TIMELINE). Although the goal of experimental embryology seems rather simple, embryos are tiny, delicate and surprisingly compl ...
Human Placenta Is a Potent Hematopoietic
... pivotal cells in hematologic transplantation therapies. During mouse and human development, the first HSCs are produced in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region. Subsequent to this emergence, HSCs are found in other anatomical sites of the mouse conceptus. While the mouse placenta contains abundant HSC ...
... pivotal cells in hematologic transplantation therapies. During mouse and human development, the first HSCs are produced in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region. Subsequent to this emergence, HSCs are found in other anatomical sites of the mouse conceptus. While the mouse placenta contains abundant HSC ...
A Genetically Encoded Optical Neurotechnique Probe of Membrane
... makes the signal 30-fold easier to detect. A voltage sensor encoded into DNA has the advantage that it may be introduced into an organism noninvasively and targeted to specific developmental stages, brain regions, cell types, and subcellular compartments. ...
... makes the signal 30-fold easier to detect. A voltage sensor encoded into DNA has the advantage that it may be introduced into an organism noninvasively and targeted to specific developmental stages, brain regions, cell types, and subcellular compartments. ...
Plant Cell Walls: Basics of Structure, Chemistry, Accessibility and the
... larger and longer fibrils [9]. The cellulose microfibrils are hydrophobic and can be highly crystalline, features that contribute greatly to the recalcitrance of biomass. For example, the 100 crystal face of a microfibril is more hydrophobic than the other faces and selectively binds the CBD (cellul ...
... larger and longer fibrils [9]. The cellulose microfibrils are hydrophobic and can be highly crystalline, features that contribute greatly to the recalcitrance of biomass. For example, the 100 crystal face of a microfibril is more hydrophobic than the other faces and selectively binds the CBD (cellul ...
PDF
... teloblasts (N, 0, P, and Q) generates a bandlet of blast cell progeny that merges with ipsilateral bandlets into a germinal band. Left and right germinal bands coalesce into the germinal plate which gives rise to the segmental tissues of the leech and wherein the progeny of each teloblast generate a ...
... teloblasts (N, 0, P, and Q) generates a bandlet of blast cell progeny that merges with ipsilateral bandlets into a germinal band. Left and right germinal bands coalesce into the germinal plate which gives rise to the segmental tissues of the leech and wherein the progeny of each teloblast generate a ...
Molecular Regulation of Vascular Cambium Identity and Activity
... related genes induces vascular patterning defects, highly associated with ectopic cambial activity. Results from transcriptional analysis suggested that PtCLE41A and related genes positively regulate PtWOX4 during the regulation of vascular cambium activity. By analysing gene expression patterns in ...
... related genes induces vascular patterning defects, highly associated with ectopic cambial activity. Results from transcriptional analysis suggested that PtCLE41A and related genes positively regulate PtWOX4 during the regulation of vascular cambium activity. By analysing gene expression patterns in ...
The archaeal origins of the eukaryotic translational system
... proteins contain only the archaeal-specific blocks and no bacterial-specific blocks, with the possible but unclear exception of S3p (Figure 3). In addition, the vast majority of the 67 eukaryotic-archaeal ribosomal protein homologs contain eukaryotic-specific sequence additions, many of which are ub ...
... proteins contain only the archaeal-specific blocks and no bacterial-specific blocks, with the possible but unclear exception of S3p (Figure 3). In addition, the vast majority of the 67 eukaryotic-archaeal ribosomal protein homologs contain eukaryotic-specific sequence additions, many of which are ub ...
Pertussis - vdsstream VDS
... protein about 232 kDa in size, and after cell division, its mature form is bound to the surface of the cell. FHA is also mediated by a two-partner secretion system. A very important part of this secretion pathway involves the removal of one-third of the C-terminus end of the FHA protein. The C-termi ...
... protein about 232 kDa in size, and after cell division, its mature form is bound to the surface of the cell. FHA is also mediated by a two-partner secretion system. A very important part of this secretion pathway involves the removal of one-third of the C-terminus end of the FHA protein. The C-termi ...
MERCURY-INDUCED AUTOIMMUNITY: GENETICS AND IMMUNOREGULATION Doctorial Thesis from the Department of Immunology
... not against self-molecular constitutes. Although self-tolerance is a robust phenomenon, in some individuals as well as in experimental models, the self-tolerance breaks down and as a result, a self-destructive autoimmune disease emerges. The underlying mechanisms for the development of autoimmune di ...
... not against self-molecular constitutes. Although self-tolerance is a robust phenomenon, in some individuals as well as in experimental models, the self-tolerance breaks down and as a result, a self-destructive autoimmune disease emerges. The underlying mechanisms for the development of autoimmune di ...
Urine Reflection of Changes in Blood
... biomarkers for acute illnesses such as acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are excreted into blood in large amounts in a short period of time. Plasma analysis may be more helpful to monitor progression of diseases. There are several possible reasons that more p ...
... biomarkers for acute illnesses such as acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are excreted into blood in large amounts in a short period of time. Plasma analysis may be more helpful to monitor progression of diseases. There are several possible reasons that more p ...
PDF - The Journal of Immunology
... Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) with a 24:1 N-acyl chain paired with a d18:1 sphingosine base is one such endogenous CD1d-presented iNKT cell Ag (7, 8). Expression of this endogenous glycolipid Ag can be increased by innate pattern recognition of bacterial products such as LPS in dendritic cells (DCs), al ...
... Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) with a 24:1 N-acyl chain paired with a d18:1 sphingosine base is one such endogenous CD1d-presented iNKT cell Ag (7, 8). Expression of this endogenous glycolipid Ag can be increased by innate pattern recognition of bacterial products such as LPS in dendritic cells (DCs), al ...
Notochord morphogenesis in Xenopus laevis
... ically coupled cells within a tissue. The rules of eel behavior control the mechanics of individual cells, sc that when a large number of cells are coupled to one another, we can compare the development of the simulated tissue to morphometric data from scanning electron micrographs and time-lapse re ...
... ically coupled cells within a tissue. The rules of eel behavior control the mechanics of individual cells, sc that when a large number of cells are coupled to one another, we can compare the development of the simulated tissue to morphometric data from scanning electron micrographs and time-lapse re ...
Full Text - The International Journal of Developmental Biology
... and Weissman, 2006; Vogeli et al., 2006). Angioblasts of Sabin are not often used in current literature and hemangioblasts of Murray currently have a strong connotation of cell differentiation potentials. This review uses the term blood island(s) to describe the aggregate(s) prior to the formation o ...
... and Weissman, 2006; Vogeli et al., 2006). Angioblasts of Sabin are not often used in current literature and hemangioblasts of Murray currently have a strong connotation of cell differentiation potentials. This review uses the term blood island(s) to describe the aggregate(s) prior to the formation o ...
Hair follicle transcriptome profiles during the transition from anagen
... et al., 2011). There are many differences between the primary and secondary follicles regarding morphogenesis, cycle growth, and arrangement of the hair follicles. The timing of the cyclical phases differs for cashmere and hair fibers. The growing phase of hair occurs earlier than that of cashmere, ...
... et al., 2011). There are many differences between the primary and secondary follicles regarding morphogenesis, cycle growth, and arrangement of the hair follicles. The timing of the cyclical phases differs for cashmere and hair fibers. The growing phase of hair occurs earlier than that of cashmere, ...
Forespore membrane assembly in yeast
... persists after spore maturation – unlike that of GFP-Spo3, which disappears after spore maturation (Nakamura et al., 2001). Psy1 localizes to the plasma membrane of mother cells before completion of meiosis I. Immediately after exit from meiosis I, it suddenly disappears from the plasma membrane. It ...
... persists after spore maturation – unlike that of GFP-Spo3, which disappears after spore maturation (Nakamura et al., 2001). Psy1 localizes to the plasma membrane of mother cells before completion of meiosis I. Immediately after exit from meiosis I, it suddenly disappears from the plasma membrane. It ...