Chapter 3 - HCC Learning Web
... mimic some of its effects, can cause serious physical and mental problems, may be prescribed to treat diseases such as cancer and AIDS, and – are abused by athletes to enhance performance. ...
... mimic some of its effects, can cause serious physical and mental problems, may be prescribed to treat diseases such as cancer and AIDS, and – are abused by athletes to enhance performance. ...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mutants Altered in Vacuole Function Are
... The metal ions, Cu2+/+ and Fe3+/2+ , are essential co-factors for a wide variety of enzymatic reactions. However, both metal ions are toxic when hyper-accumulated or maldistributed within cells due to their ability to generate damaging free radicals or through the displacement of other physiological ...
... The metal ions, Cu2+/+ and Fe3+/2+ , are essential co-factors for a wide variety of enzymatic reactions. However, both metal ions are toxic when hyper-accumulated or maldistributed within cells due to their ability to generate damaging free radicals or through the displacement of other physiological ...
Origin, Early Patterning, and Fate of the Mouse Epiblast
... outer cells rapidly lose their totipotence (reviewed by Pedersen10). They will essentially form the trophectoderm, which will contribute exclusively to extraembryonic structures. This is the first apparent lineage segregation in mouse development. Trophectoderm cells secrete a fluid that, trapped in ...
... outer cells rapidly lose their totipotence (reviewed by Pedersen10). They will essentially form the trophectoderm, which will contribute exclusively to extraembryonic structures. This is the first apparent lineage segregation in mouse development. Trophectoderm cells secrete a fluid that, trapped in ...
Cytokinesis in Tobacco BY-2 and Root Tip Cells: A
... cell wall between daughter cells. This process is accomplished by the formation of the phragmoplast that not only builds the new plate but spatially orients it within the cell relative to the whole plant or organ axis. The phragmoplast of higher plant cells has been described as consisting of three ...
... cell wall between daughter cells. This process is accomplished by the formation of the phragmoplast that not only builds the new plate but spatially orients it within the cell relative to the whole plant or organ axis. The phragmoplast of higher plant cells has been described as consisting of three ...
The ErbB/HER receptor protein
... Based upon the nature of the phosphorylated –OH group, these enzymes are classified as protein-serine/ threonine kinases and protein-tyrosine kinases. Hunter and co-workers [6] identified 478 typical and 40 atypical protein kinase genes in humans (total 518) that correspond to about 2% of all human ge ...
... Based upon the nature of the phosphorylated –OH group, these enzymes are classified as protein-serine/ threonine kinases and protein-tyrosine kinases. Hunter and co-workers [6] identified 478 typical and 40 atypical protein kinase genes in humans (total 518) that correspond to about 2% of all human ge ...
Early Morphogenesis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Pharynx
... cavity, and mouth into close apposition (“Contraction”). Several models can account for these cellular behaviors, and we distinguish between them by physically or genetically ablating cells within the digestive tract. These studies provide the first description of how the pharynx primordium develops ...
... cavity, and mouth into close apposition (“Contraction”). Several models can account for these cellular behaviors, and we distinguish between them by physically or genetically ablating cells within the digestive tract. These studies provide the first description of how the pharynx primordium develops ...
Neuronal body size correlates with the number of nucleoli
... Trigeminal ganglion neurons comprise three main cell body-size types. This cell size heterogeneity provides an excellent neuronal model to study the cell size-dependent organization and dynamics of the nucleoli, Cajal (coiled) bodies (CBs), and nuclear speckles of pre-mRNA splicing factors, nuclear ...
... Trigeminal ganglion neurons comprise three main cell body-size types. This cell size heterogeneity provides an excellent neuronal model to study the cell size-dependent organization and dynamics of the nucleoli, Cajal (coiled) bodies (CBs), and nuclear speckles of pre-mRNA splicing factors, nuclear ...
IFN and IL12 synergize to convert in vivo generated Th17 into Th1
... increase IL-12Rb2 expression of ex vivo isolated Th17 cells (data not shown), suggesting that Il12rb2 chain expression of Th17 cells is downregulated constitutively in vivo. Ex vivo isolated IL-171 Th cells stimulated with IL-12 did not respond by STAT4 phosphorylation, demonstrating the absence of ...
... increase IL-12Rb2 expression of ex vivo isolated Th17 cells (data not shown), suggesting that Il12rb2 chain expression of Th17 cells is downregulated constitutively in vivo. Ex vivo isolated IL-171 Th cells stimulated with IL-12 did not respond by STAT4 phosphorylation, demonstrating the absence of ...
Involvement of reactive oxygen species in lanthanum
... function in the uptake of nutrients and water and contributes to plant adaptations to abiotic stresses, and thus is also important for plant growth. Root growth and development is a complex process modulated by a variety of phytohormones and signaling molecules, with auxin playing a central role (Wa ...
... function in the uptake of nutrients and water and contributes to plant adaptations to abiotic stresses, and thus is also important for plant growth. Root growth and development is a complex process modulated by a variety of phytohormones and signaling molecules, with auxin playing a central role (Wa ...
Foamy Virus Biology and Its Application for Vector Development
... essential for infectivity but not particle release, since particles containing only Gag precursor are exported but are non-infectious and show incompletely closed capsids in ultrastructural analysis [69,70]. By contrast, particles containing only the larger cleavage product and no precursor display ...
... essential for infectivity but not particle release, since particles containing only Gag precursor are exported but are non-infectious and show incompletely closed capsids in ultrastructural analysis [69,70]. By contrast, particles containing only the larger cleavage product and no precursor display ...
Occurrence of two types of Mn-superoxide dismutase in the green
... located at an important position bridging from green algae to land plants in plant lineage. One, referred to as the land plant-type, encoded a protein whose sequence closely resembled those of mitochondrial Mn-SODs from land plants. The other, referred to as the algal-type, encoded a MnSOD similar t ...
... located at an important position bridging from green algae to land plants in plant lineage. One, referred to as the land plant-type, encoded a protein whose sequence closely resembled those of mitochondrial Mn-SODs from land plants. The other, referred to as the algal-type, encoded a MnSOD similar t ...
Early steps in cold sensing by plant cells: the role of actin
... Both DMSO and benzyl alcohol (BA) have been routinely used as a membrane rigidi®er and ¯uidizer, respectively. Fluorescence polarization of 1,6-diphenyl1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) was used to con®rm the effects of these agents on alfalfa protoplasts, but the polarization index p is inversely related to m ...
... Both DMSO and benzyl alcohol (BA) have been routinely used as a membrane rigidi®er and ¯uidizer, respectively. Fluorescence polarization of 1,6-diphenyl1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) was used to con®rm the effects of these agents on alfalfa protoplasts, but the polarization index p is inversely related to m ...
Changes in Plant Mitochondrial Electron Transport Alter Cellular
... pool can be passed to O2 via the usual cytochrome (cyt) pathway (that includes complex III, cyt c and cyt oxidase) or they may pass to oxygen via a second terminal oxidase called alternative oxidase (AOX) (Finnegan et al. 2004). The AOX pathway is non-energy conserving (i.e. it is not coupled to pro ...
... pool can be passed to O2 via the usual cytochrome (cyt) pathway (that includes complex III, cyt c and cyt oxidase) or they may pass to oxygen via a second terminal oxidase called alternative oxidase (AOX) (Finnegan et al. 2004). The AOX pathway is non-energy conserving (i.e. it is not coupled to pro ...
9700/02 - StudyGuide.PK
... (a) Name A to C. A ....................................................................................................................................... B ....................................................................................................................................... C ..... ...
... (a) Name A to C. A ....................................................................................................................................... B ....................................................................................................................................... C ..... ...
Eucalyptus SANUSHKA NAIDOO , CARSTEN KÜLHEIM
... papain cysteine protease (Bozkurt et al. 2011). Apart from effectors, it has also recently been demonstrated that small fungal RNAs are able to hijack the host’s RNA interference pathway by binding to Argonaute 1 and silencing genes involved in plant defence (Weiberg et al. 2013). Based on these exa ...
... papain cysteine protease (Bozkurt et al. 2011). Apart from effectors, it has also recently been demonstrated that small fungal RNAs are able to hijack the host’s RNA interference pathway by binding to Argonaute 1 and silencing genes involved in plant defence (Weiberg et al. 2013). Based on these exa ...
Adult stem cells and their ability to differentiate
... stem cells are capable of forming any tissue in the body, similarly to a fertilized egg which, following cleavage, produces cells which differentiate into all types of tissues. Pluripotency is the capability of the cell to create almost any type of cells in the organism, but not the entirety. Multip ...
... stem cells are capable of forming any tissue in the body, similarly to a fertilized egg which, following cleavage, produces cells which differentiate into all types of tissues. Pluripotency is the capability of the cell to create almost any type of cells in the organism, but not the entirety. Multip ...
KIR2DS1-Positive NK Cells Mediate Alloresponse against the C2
... family is expressed on NK cells and has ligand specificity for a broad range of HLA class I molecules (5). There are, however, four inhibitory KIRs that have ligand specificity for codon sequences present in only some HLA class I alleles: KIR2DL1, 2DL2, 2DL3, and 3DL1. The 2DL2 and 2DL3 receptors, w ...
... family is expressed on NK cells and has ligand specificity for a broad range of HLA class I molecules (5). There are, however, four inhibitory KIRs that have ligand specificity for codon sequences present in only some HLA class I alleles: KIR2DL1, 2DL2, 2DL3, and 3DL1. The 2DL2 and 2DL3 receptors, w ...
Determination and morphogenesis in the sea urchin embryo
... is probably driven primarily by active cell repacking. The extracellular matrix is important for this repacking to occur, but the basis of the cellular-environmental interaction is not understood. There are new tools, especially well-defined specific antibodies and recombinant DNA clones, that may b ...
... is probably driven primarily by active cell repacking. The extracellular matrix is important for this repacking to occur, but the basis of the cellular-environmental interaction is not understood. There are new tools, especially well-defined specific antibodies and recombinant DNA clones, that may b ...
Surface probe measurements of the elasticity of sectioned tissue
... of collagen was measured with 10:1 collagen/FITC-collagen mixture and compared to standard slides of known fluorescent collagen (1, 4) in order to calibrate the amount of surface-bond collagen. Attachment and accessibility to cells was also assessed using a polyclonal anti-collagen antibody that onl ...
... of collagen was measured with 10:1 collagen/FITC-collagen mixture and compared to standard slides of known fluorescent collagen (1, 4) in order to calibrate the amount of surface-bond collagen. Attachment and accessibility to cells was also assessed using a polyclonal anti-collagen antibody that onl ...
Distinct domains within Mash1 and Math1 are required
... with excess expression of each of these neural bHLH factors are induced to undergo neuronal differentiation. This neuronal differentiation activity of Mash1 and Math1 is also mimicked by Ngn1 (data not shown) and Ngn2 (Dubreuil et al., 2002). The bHLH factors require DNA binding for their neurogenic ...
... with excess expression of each of these neural bHLH factors are induced to undergo neuronal differentiation. This neuronal differentiation activity of Mash1 and Math1 is also mimicked by Ngn1 (data not shown) and Ngn2 (Dubreuil et al., 2002). The bHLH factors require DNA binding for their neurogenic ...
Anabolic Steroids
... Anemia prevention: anabolic steroids have been used when the kidneys begin to fail in chronic kidney disease to help stimulate red blood cell production and prevent anemia ...
... Anemia prevention: anabolic steroids have been used when the kidneys begin to fail in chronic kidney disease to help stimulate red blood cell production and prevent anemia ...
RNAi: a defensive RNA-silencing against viruses and transposable
... very good candidates, as they are always associated with RNA silencing and have the ability to reinitiate RNAi. However, mutants in plants and worms defective for siRNA accumulation or production are not defective for systemic silencing. Other candidates could be the long dsRNAs themselves, or the t ...
... very good candidates, as they are always associated with RNA silencing and have the ability to reinitiate RNAi. However, mutants in plants and worms defective for siRNA accumulation or production are not defective for systemic silencing. Other candidates could be the long dsRNAs themselves, or the t ...
Cell Size Distributions of Soil Bacterial and Archaeal
... (OTUs, defined by pairwise sequence similarity) was not practical. Instead, we used an open reference-based OTU picking approach implemented with the QIIME algorithm, “pick_subsampled_reference_otus_ through_otu_table.py,” which allows OTUs to be picked on a practical timescale while retaining many ...
... (OTUs, defined by pairwise sequence similarity) was not practical. Instead, we used an open reference-based OTU picking approach implemented with the QIIME algorithm, “pick_subsampled_reference_otus_ through_otu_table.py,” which allows OTUs to be picked on a practical timescale while retaining many ...