The complex life of simple sphingolipids
... sphingoid bases. These bases serve as substrates for the sphingosine kinases that form S1P. Sphingolipid metabolism can be regulated at multiple levels, including through the control of enzyme expression, post-translational modifications and allosteric mechanisms. Some of these are celltype specific ...
... sphingoid bases. These bases serve as substrates for the sphingosine kinases that form S1P. Sphingolipid metabolism can be regulated at multiple levels, including through the control of enzyme expression, post-translational modifications and allosteric mechanisms. Some of these are celltype specific ...
Insights into the Role of Specific Lipids in the
... Sperling and Heinz, 2003), suggests that plant DRMs might exhibit some specific structural features. In particular, plant DRMs have been shown to contain several sterol molecules, as represented by 24-methylcholesterol, sitosterol, and stigmasterol, instead of one major sterol (cholesterol or ergost ...
... Sperling and Heinz, 2003), suggests that plant DRMs might exhibit some specific structural features. In particular, plant DRMs have been shown to contain several sterol molecules, as represented by 24-methylcholesterol, sitosterol, and stigmasterol, instead of one major sterol (cholesterol or ergost ...
Liquid-Tissue Mechanics in Amphibian Gastrulation: Germ
... Surface tension is the force within (tan- Holtfreter (1955) reported that, in fused gent to) a liquid interface which opposes pairs of fragments of gastrula and neurula any increase in its surface area, if cell subsurface germ layers, endoderm tends to aggregates behave like liquid droplets, surroun ...
... Surface tension is the force within (tan- Holtfreter (1955) reported that, in fused gent to) a liquid interface which opposes pairs of fragments of gastrula and neurula any increase in its surface area, if cell subsurface germ layers, endoderm tends to aggregates behave like liquid droplets, surroun ...
REVIEW - The Journal of Cell Biology
... space between the outer and the inner mitochondrial membranes can be found in references 2 and 40. The sites of synthesis of these enzymes have not been defined but, presumably, these enzymes are made on cytoplasmic ribosomes. C. INNER MEMBRANES: The inner mitochondrial membrane accounts for about o ...
... space between the outer and the inner mitochondrial membranes can be found in references 2 and 40. The sites of synthesis of these enzymes have not been defined but, presumably, these enzymes are made on cytoplasmic ribosomes. C. INNER MEMBRANES: The inner mitochondrial membrane accounts for about o ...
DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide), a potent inducer of
... Attempts to detect such small RNAs of the first exon are shown in Figure 6. In Figure 6A, a Northern blot containing RNA of uninduced cells and of cells treated with DMSO for one hour was hybridized with a first exon probe. Apparently, no small RNAs of the first exon could be detected in DMSO treate ...
... Attempts to detect such small RNAs of the first exon are shown in Figure 6. In Figure 6A, a Northern blot containing RNA of uninduced cells and of cells treated with DMSO for one hour was hybridized with a first exon probe. Apparently, no small RNAs of the first exon could be detected in DMSO treate ...
The Chemical & Physical Structure of Merino Wool
... Figure 4. The ionic groups also control the dyeing behaviour of the fibre, as a result of their interactions with negatively charged dye molecules. The Physical Structure of Wool ...
... Figure 4. The ionic groups also control the dyeing behaviour of the fibre, as a result of their interactions with negatively charged dye molecules. The Physical Structure of Wool ...
Basophils and Autoreactive IgE in the Pathogenesis of
... 1 in 1,000 in the United States, thus lupus prevention and treatment is an important international challenge. Environmental and/or genetic factors as contributors to development or severity of disease are evident but their roles are poorly understood. For example, approximately 90% of SLE patients a ...
... 1 in 1,000 in the United States, thus lupus prevention and treatment is an important international challenge. Environmental and/or genetic factors as contributors to development or severity of disease are evident but their roles are poorly understood. For example, approximately 90% of SLE patients a ...
Full Text - The Journal of Immunology
... Previous studies have demonstrated an association between bacterial invasion and epithelial cytokine production (1, 26, 29). Cytochalasin D, a drug that inhibits internalization but does not affect bacterial adherence (9), was used to prevent bacterial invasion of bladder epithelial cells. Cytochala ...
... Previous studies have demonstrated an association between bacterial invasion and epithelial cytokine production (1, 26, 29). Cytochalasin D, a drug that inhibits internalization but does not affect bacterial adherence (9), was used to prevent bacterial invasion of bladder epithelial cells. Cytochala ...
RNA-binding proteins
... RBP homologues in other species can provide insights into RBP function in C. elegans. In addition, functional studies of the C. elegans RBPs may reveal unexpected roles for the conserved RBPs. For example, mammalian Y14 is a component of the exon-junction complex that mediates nonsense-mediated mRNA ...
... RBP homologues in other species can provide insights into RBP function in C. elegans. In addition, functional studies of the C. elegans RBPs may reveal unexpected roles for the conserved RBPs. For example, mammalian Y14 is a component of the exon-junction complex that mediates nonsense-mediated mRNA ...
TESI DOCTORAL NEUROKININ-1 RECEPTOR: STRATEGIES OF EXPRESSION, PURIFICATION AND REFOLDING
... precursors by the action of specific processing proteases. Typical cleavage points are Lys-Arg, Arg-Arg, and Arg-Lys doublets and the cleavage is carried out by six groups of proteolytic enzymes called convertases (Steiner et al., 1992). Like all other neurotransmitters, neuronal tachykinins are rel ...
... precursors by the action of specific processing proteases. Typical cleavage points are Lys-Arg, Arg-Arg, and Arg-Lys doublets and the cleavage is carried out by six groups of proteolytic enzymes called convertases (Steiner et al., 1992). Like all other neurotransmitters, neuronal tachykinins are rel ...
Lactic acid excretion by Streptococcus mutans
... Carlsson, 1975). The enzymic mechanisms of this shift in fermentation patterns are well understood (Carlsson, ...
... Carlsson, 1975). The enzymic mechanisms of this shift in fermentation patterns are well understood (Carlsson, ...
A Division-Dependent Compartmental Model for Computing Cell
... parameters with which a population of dividing cells can be described. In particular, information such as average rates of division and cell viability are essential to the analysis of the effects of changing experimental conditions (e.g., differences in donors, differences between diseased and healt ...
... parameters with which a population of dividing cells can be described. In particular, information such as average rates of division and cell viability are essential to the analysis of the effects of changing experimental conditions (e.g., differences in donors, differences between diseased and healt ...
Lactic acid excretion by Streptococcus mutans
... Carlsson, 1975). The enzymic mechanisms of this shift in fermentation patterns are well understood (Carlsson, ...
... Carlsson, 1975). The enzymic mechanisms of this shift in fermentation patterns are well understood (Carlsson, ...
DNA Topoisomerase II Must Act at Mitosis to Prevent Nondisjunction
... topoisomerases also catalyze topoisomerization, their mechanism involves a single-strand nick rather than a doublestrand break (26). In contrast, type II topoisomerases act by making a double-strand break, passing another double strand through the break, and then resealing it (2, 21). Thus, in addit ...
... topoisomerases also catalyze topoisomerization, their mechanism involves a single-strand nick rather than a doublestrand break (26). In contrast, type II topoisomerases act by making a double-strand break, passing another double strand through the break, and then resealing it (2, 21). Thus, in addit ...
Purine nucleosides: endogenous neuroprotectants in hypoxic brain
... sine), adenosine kinase (phosphorylates adenosine to 5¢AMP) and nucleoside transporters, are responsible for an extremely short half-life of adenosine in circulation (Fredholm et al. 2001a, 2011; Eltzschig 2009) and therefore some of its effects, are apparently due to its metabolites as was reported ...
... sine), adenosine kinase (phosphorylates adenosine to 5¢AMP) and nucleoside transporters, are responsible for an extremely short half-life of adenosine in circulation (Fredholm et al. 2001a, 2011; Eltzschig 2009) and therefore some of its effects, are apparently due to its metabolites as was reported ...
Tetramer Staining T Cells with Optimized HLA Class II + CD4
... staining of in vitro-stimulated CD4⫹ T cell lines and clones (9 – 16). Despite these advances, the direct detection of Ag-specific CD4⫹ T cells in PBMC remained difficult, mainly because the cells are rare in peripheral blood (17–20). Virtually all studies reporting MHCII tetramer staining used high ...
... staining of in vitro-stimulated CD4⫹ T cell lines and clones (9 – 16). Despite these advances, the direct detection of Ag-specific CD4⫹ T cells in PBMC remained difficult, mainly because the cells are rare in peripheral blood (17–20). Virtually all studies reporting MHCII tetramer staining used high ...
Apolipophorins and insects immune response
... helices 2 and 3 and helices 4 and 5. The resulting exposure of its interior permits formation of a stable interaction with hydrophobic patches on lipophorin particles which appear as a function of DAG enrichment. In turn, Kawooya et al. (1986) have proposed that M. sexta apoLp-III recognizes potenti ...
... helices 2 and 3 and helices 4 and 5. The resulting exposure of its interior permits formation of a stable interaction with hydrophobic patches on lipophorin particles which appear as a function of DAG enrichment. In turn, Kawooya et al. (1986) have proposed that M. sexta apoLp-III recognizes potenti ...
Molecular analysis of Physarum haemagglutinin I
... The slime mould is a suitable organism for the study of cell growth and development at the biochemical and molecular levels. It has been reported that the expression of numerous genes is regulated during the Physarum life cycle (Schreckenbach & Werenskiold, 1986). The expression of haemagglutinins i ...
... The slime mould is a suitable organism for the study of cell growth and development at the biochemical and molecular levels. It has been reported that the expression of numerous genes is regulated during the Physarum life cycle (Schreckenbach & Werenskiold, 1986). The expression of haemagglutinins i ...
File
... microtubules in a cilia and flagella are generated. – Plant cells lack MTOCs and their microtubules are organized around the surface of the nucleus. ...
... microtubules in a cilia and flagella are generated. – Plant cells lack MTOCs and their microtubules are organized around the surface of the nucleus. ...
Protein transport across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane
... Sec61 ⁄ SecY complex forms the pore [2]. The translocation of a secretory protein begins with insertion of a loop into the channel, such that the signal sequence is intercalated into the walls of the channel and the segment distal to it is inserted into the pore proper (Figs 1–3). In a first step, th ...
... Sec61 ⁄ SecY complex forms the pore [2]. The translocation of a secretory protein begins with insertion of a loop into the channel, such that the signal sequence is intercalated into the walls of the channel and the segment distal to it is inserted into the pore proper (Figs 1–3). In a first step, th ...
Localization and distribution of nickel and other elements in in
... the activity and quantity of the key enzyme of various metabolic pathways. These effects may be closely related to the accumulation of heavy metals and the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants, including superoxide radical (O2•−), hydroxyl radical (•OH) and hydrogen peroxi ...
... the activity and quantity of the key enzyme of various metabolic pathways. These effects may be closely related to the accumulation of heavy metals and the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants, including superoxide radical (O2•−), hydroxyl radical (•OH) and hydrogen peroxi ...
Control of cell pattern in the neural tube: regulation of cell
... screen an E2.5 chick spinal cord cDNA library and to define a clone containing a 3.5 kb insert with an open reading frame (ORF) that encoded a protein of 427 amino acids (Figure 1). The predicted amino acid sequence identifies this protein, dsl-1, as a novel member of the TGFP superfamily. The N-ter ...
... screen an E2.5 chick spinal cord cDNA library and to define a clone containing a 3.5 kb insert with an open reading frame (ORF) that encoded a protein of 427 amino acids (Figure 1). The predicted amino acid sequence identifies this protein, dsl-1, as a novel member of the TGFP superfamily. The N-ter ...
Experimental conditions affect the site of tetrazolium
... The reduction of tetrazolium salts to coloured formazans is often used as an indicator of cell metabolism during microbiology studies, although the reduction mechanisms have never clearly been established in bacteria. The objective of the present study was to identify the reduction mechanisms of tet ...
... The reduction of tetrazolium salts to coloured formazans is often used as an indicator of cell metabolism during microbiology studies, although the reduction mechanisms have never clearly been established in bacteria. The objective of the present study was to identify the reduction mechanisms of tet ...
Molecular analysis of Physarum haemagglutinin I
... The slime mould is a suitable organism for the study of cell growth and development at the biochemical and molecular levels. It has been reported that the expression of numerous genes is regulated during the Physarum life cycle (Schreckenbach & Werenskiold, 1986). The expression of haemagglutinins i ...
... The slime mould is a suitable organism for the study of cell growth and development at the biochemical and molecular levels. It has been reported that the expression of numerous genes is regulated during the Physarum life cycle (Schreckenbach & Werenskiold, 1986). The expression of haemagglutinins i ...
LPS- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa- mediated activation of
... thus contributing to the defense against microbial pathogens (Sica & Mantovani, 2012). However, an excessive inflammatory response by M1 macrophages, which is a hallmark of chronic infections with persistent pathogens, such as P. aeruginosa, is also reported to cause tissue damage, to lead to functi ...
... thus contributing to the defense against microbial pathogens (Sica & Mantovani, 2012). However, an excessive inflammatory response by M1 macrophages, which is a hallmark of chronic infections with persistent pathogens, such as P. aeruginosa, is also reported to cause tissue damage, to lead to functi ...