Chapter 3—Cells
... Which of the following statements is not part of the cell theory? Animals and plants share the same kinds of cells. All organisms are made up of one or more cells. The cell is the basic unit of all living things. All cells come from existing cells. ...
... Which of the following statements is not part of the cell theory? Animals and plants share the same kinds of cells. All organisms are made up of one or more cells. The cell is the basic unit of all living things. All cells come from existing cells. ...
Cleavage Furrow Establishment—A Preliminary to Cylindrical
... division mechanism, and investigations concerning its nature are relatively recent. We have no information concerning the constitution of the stimulus, and detailed information will probably await a clearer conception of the physico-chemical basis of the functioning division mechanism. Experimentati ...
... division mechanism, and investigations concerning its nature are relatively recent. We have no information concerning the constitution of the stimulus, and detailed information will probably await a clearer conception of the physico-chemical basis of the functioning division mechanism. Experimentati ...
A Family of Abundant Plasma Membrane
... Gaithersburg, MD) for ease of handling. Suspension cells and organized tissues were dehydrated and embedded in L. R. White resin (London Resin Co., Basingtoke, England) at sub-zero temperatures (Wells, 1985), with the exception that the 1:1 ethanol/resin mixture was cooled to only -20°C. Sections we ...
... Gaithersburg, MD) for ease of handling. Suspension cells and organized tissues were dehydrated and embedded in L. R. White resin (London Resin Co., Basingtoke, England) at sub-zero temperatures (Wells, 1985), with the exception that the 1:1 ethanol/resin mixture was cooled to only -20°C. Sections we ...
Agrin is required for survival and function of
... We took advantage of agrin knockout mice to investigate the functions of agrin in monocytes and macrophages. To overcome the neonatal lethality of agrin knockout mice because of neuromuscular synapse dysfunctions,18 we used mice that are null for all agrin isoforms but carry a transgene that increas ...
... We took advantage of agrin knockout mice to investigate the functions of agrin in monocytes and macrophages. To overcome the neonatal lethality of agrin knockout mice because of neuromuscular synapse dysfunctions,18 we used mice that are null for all agrin isoforms but carry a transgene that increas ...
Document
... All living things are made up of cells. The structures of different types of cells are related to their functions. Animal cells and plant cells have features in common, such as a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes. Plant and algal cells also have a cell wall, and often hav ...
... All living things are made up of cells. The structures of different types of cells are related to their functions. Animal cells and plant cells have features in common, such as a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes. Plant and algal cells also have a cell wall, and often hav ...
ELI1 regulates cell expansion and secondary wall
... cellular contents (Wardrop, 1981; O’Brien, 1981). The expression of specific genes associated with different stages of xylogenesis has been catalogued in differentiating Zinnia mesophyll cells. For example, genes encoding proteins involved in remodeling the endomembrane system in preparation for sec ...
... cellular contents (Wardrop, 1981; O’Brien, 1981). The expression of specific genes associated with different stages of xylogenesis has been catalogued in differentiating Zinnia mesophyll cells. For example, genes encoding proteins involved in remodeling the endomembrane system in preparation for sec ...
Tolerance of Immobilized Yeast Cells in Imidazolium
... R-chain. [BMim][PF6] possessed the best biocompatibility compared to the other ILs. The relative activity retention of yeast cells pretreated with [BMim][PF6] for 12 h reached up to 70 %. The results are consistent with the previously published work about Gram-positive Lactobacillus kefir in biphasi ...
... R-chain. [BMim][PF6] possessed the best biocompatibility compared to the other ILs. The relative activity retention of yeast cells pretreated with [BMim][PF6] for 12 h reached up to 70 %. The results are consistent with the previously published work about Gram-positive Lactobacillus kefir in biphasi ...
Mechanisms of Cross Talk between Gibberellin and Other Hormones1
... used as an experimental system to study the interaction between GA and ABA. The a-amylase promoter contains a GA response element, required for both its activation by GA and suppression by ABA (Rogers Figure 1. GA interacts positively and negatively with other plant hormones throughout the plant’s l ...
... used as an experimental system to study the interaction between GA and ABA. The a-amylase promoter contains a GA response element, required for both its activation by GA and suppression by ABA (Rogers Figure 1. GA interacts positively and negatively with other plant hormones throughout the plant’s l ...
Chpt17_TxnlRegLambda.doc
... (1) The product of the int gene is required for integration into the host chromosome, using the att (attachment) site that is adjacent to int. The products of the xis and int genes are required for excision of the prophage, again using the adjacent att site. (2) The products of red and gam (gamma) a ...
... (1) The product of the int gene is required for integration into the host chromosome, using the att (attachment) site that is adjacent to int. The products of the xis and int genes are required for excision of the prophage, again using the adjacent att site. (2) The products of red and gam (gamma) a ...
Integrins and cell differentiation
... ECM could prevent endocytosis and degradation of the ligandreceptor complexes (Flaumenhaft and Rifkin, 1992). ...
... ECM could prevent endocytosis and degradation of the ligandreceptor complexes (Flaumenhaft and Rifkin, 1992). ...
Mast cells and dendritic cells form synapses that facilitate antigen
... nodes, and Th2 polarization (Caron et al., 2001a; Mazzoni et al., 2006; Suto et al., 2006; Shelburne et al., 2009; Dawicki et al., 2010; Reuter et al., 2010; de Vries et al., 2011). Communication between MCs and DCs has also been shown to regulate other lymphocytes including T cells and B cells (Sko ...
... nodes, and Th2 polarization (Caron et al., 2001a; Mazzoni et al., 2006; Suto et al., 2006; Shelburne et al., 2009; Dawicki et al., 2010; Reuter et al., 2010; de Vries et al., 2011). Communication between MCs and DCs has also been shown to regulate other lymphocytes including T cells and B cells (Sko ...
A transcriptional blueprint for a spiral-cleaving
... the Platynereis genome has retained ancestral complements for gene families and gene structure, like the wnt family, with 12 of 13 ancient wnt genes conserved in Platynereis [10, 11]. Furthermore, another comparative study analyzing exon-intron structure shows that Platynereis genes are more similar ...
... the Platynereis genome has retained ancestral complements for gene families and gene structure, like the wnt family, with 12 of 13 ancient wnt genes conserved in Platynereis [10, 11]. Furthermore, another comparative study analyzing exon-intron structure shows that Platynereis genes are more similar ...
Human skin cells support thymus- independent T cell development
... determining the TCR repertoire of developing thymocytes (22). If epithelial cells in skin cell cultures are mediating positive selection, different skin donors would be expected to produce different patterns of oligoclonality. We have found that T cells developing from the same HPC inoculum in cultu ...
... determining the TCR repertoire of developing thymocytes (22). If epithelial cells in skin cell cultures are mediating positive selection, different skin donors would be expected to produce different patterns of oligoclonality. We have found that T cells developing from the same HPC inoculum in cultu ...
Stochastic Responses May Allow Genetically Diverse Cell
... stimulate T cells weakly than strongly, as noted above [6,17]. Therefore, the expected cost of activating for very weak stimuli is higher than for very strong stimuli. For simplicity, we initially assume the expected cost for activation is a strictly decreasing function of the stimulus strength x, w ...
... stimulate T cells weakly than strongly, as noted above [6,17]. Therefore, the expected cost of activating for very weak stimuli is higher than for very strong stimuli. For simplicity, we initially assume the expected cost for activation is a strictly decreasing function of the stimulus strength x, w ...
(From tl~ Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute far Medical
... system so that this will be discussed first and in more detail. Table I shows that at a mustard concentration of 0.8 X 10-8 ~ the phage formation is still 50 per cent or more of the untreated control but the number of organisms which can multiply in a veal-peptone infusion has decreased from 1 X l0 ...
... system so that this will be discussed first and in more detail. Table I shows that at a mustard concentration of 0.8 X 10-8 ~ the phage formation is still 50 per cent or more of the untreated control but the number of organisms which can multiply in a veal-peptone infusion has decreased from 1 X l0 ...
A family of abundant plasma membrane
... Gaithersburg, MD) for ease of handling. Suspension cells and organized tissues were dehydrated and embedded in L. R. White resin (London Resin Co., Basingtoke, England) at sub-zero temperatures (Wells, 1985), with the exception that the 1:1 ethanol/resin mixture was cooled to only -20°C. Sections we ...
... Gaithersburg, MD) for ease of handling. Suspension cells and organized tissues were dehydrated and embedded in L. R. White resin (London Resin Co., Basingtoke, England) at sub-zero temperatures (Wells, 1985), with the exception that the 1:1 ethanol/resin mixture was cooled to only -20°C. Sections we ...
The function of genomes in bioenergetic organelles
... retention. The number of times that a Synechocystis functional category is represented by a gene in cpDNA, divided by the number of genes in that category in Synechocystis itself. Cat Ret = cp/Syn. For example, Synechocystis has 84 genes for amino-acid biosynthesis, 10 of which are still present in ...
... retention. The number of times that a Synechocystis functional category is represented by a gene in cpDNA, divided by the number of genes in that category in Synechocystis itself. Cat Ret = cp/Syn. For example, Synechocystis has 84 genes for amino-acid biosynthesis, 10 of which are still present in ...
T Cell Proliferation Induced by Autologous Non
... non-T cells in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction. This reaction generates regulatory T cells in vitro and may reflect immune regulatory pathways in vivo, but the antigenic peptides recognized remain uncharacterized. We revisited this issue in light of the importance of apoptosis in immune reg ...
... non-T cells in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction. This reaction generates regulatory T cells in vitro and may reflect immune regulatory pathways in vivo, but the antigenic peptides recognized remain uncharacterized. We revisited this issue in light of the importance of apoptosis in immune reg ...
Chapter 7: Cellular Structure and Function - Bellbrook
... Look again at Figure 7.4 and compare the types of cells. You can see why scientists place them into two broad categories that are based on internal structures. Both have a plasma membrane, but one cell contains many distinct internal structures called organelles—specialized structures that carry ou ...
... Look again at Figure 7.4 and compare the types of cells. You can see why scientists place them into two broad categories that are based on internal structures. Both have a plasma membrane, but one cell contains many distinct internal structures called organelles—specialized structures that carry ou ...
Active cell migration drives the unilateral movements
... Cell tracking was performed using the tracking module of the Volocity programme (Improvision). Eight cells were manually outlined using a graphics tablet and their centroids calculated at each time point. The path taken by cells was generated using Volocity. Data on the positions of the cells were i ...
... Cell tracking was performed using the tracking module of the Volocity programme (Improvision). Eight cells were manually outlined using a graphics tablet and their centroids calculated at each time point. The path taken by cells was generated using Volocity. Data on the positions of the cells were i ...
AtCHIP functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase of protein phosphatase
... ligase activity in vitro. AtCHIP transcripts were upregulated by several stress treatments including low and high temperatures. However, increased AtCHIP expression was not correlated with increased stress tolerance; in fact, overexpression of AtCHIP in Arabidopsis rendered plants more sensitive to ...
... ligase activity in vitro. AtCHIP transcripts were upregulated by several stress treatments including low and high temperatures. However, increased AtCHIP expression was not correlated with increased stress tolerance; in fact, overexpression of AtCHIP in Arabidopsis rendered plants more sensitive to ...
comparison of tgf/bmp superfamily pathways signaled by bmp
... and TIMP was not at all changed. DBP increased cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor P21/Waf1/Cip1 by 160%, whereas it was decreased (30%) by rhBMP -2. It is possible that DBP's inhibition of proliferation may contribute to its effects to promote differentiation. Cbfa1 was highly expressed in target hDF ...
... and TIMP was not at all changed. DBP increased cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor P21/Waf1/Cip1 by 160%, whereas it was decreased (30%) by rhBMP -2. It is possible that DBP's inhibition of proliferation may contribute to its effects to promote differentiation. Cbfa1 was highly expressed in target hDF ...
Transfected Connexin45 Alters Gap Junction Permeability in Cells
... introduction of Cx45 into ROS cells would alter intercellular communication. This enabled us to examine consequences of expressing multiple connexins in a single cell and to determine whether these two connexins were capable of interaction. ROS cells were stably transfected with either full-length C ...
... introduction of Cx45 into ROS cells would alter intercellular communication. This enabled us to examine consequences of expressing multiple connexins in a single cell and to determine whether these two connexins were capable of interaction. ROS cells were stably transfected with either full-length C ...
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... nature of these structures and their role in tethering virus particles at the plasma membrane remain to be clarified. Studies using an artificial ―tetherin‖ have demonstrated that it is the unique topology of tetherin, rather than the amino acid sequence, that confers its virus-tethering ability [19 ...
... nature of these structures and their role in tethering virus particles at the plasma membrane remain to be clarified. Studies using an artificial ―tetherin‖ have demonstrated that it is the unique topology of tetherin, rather than the amino acid sequence, that confers its virus-tethering ability [19 ...
T Cell Interstitial Migration: Motility Cues from the Inflamed Tissue for
... Effector T cells exit the inflamed vasculature into an environment shaped by tissue-specific structural configurations and inflammation-imposed extrinsic modifications. Once within interstitial spaces of non-lymphoid tissues, T cells migrate in an apparent random, non-directional, fashion. Efficient ...
... Effector T cells exit the inflamed vasculature into an environment shaped by tissue-specific structural configurations and inflammation-imposed extrinsic modifications. Once within interstitial spaces of non-lymphoid tissues, T cells migrate in an apparent random, non-directional, fashion. Efficient ...