Ultrastructural studies of t /t mouse embryos
... lethal periods, (2) their nuclear inclusions, and (3) the presence or absence of mitochondrial variants. Both homozygotes can be distinguished from their litter-mates as early as the 2-cell stage by the presence of nuclear lipid droplets and excessive cytoplasmic lipid. In addition, both homozygous ...
... lethal periods, (2) their nuclear inclusions, and (3) the presence or absence of mitochondrial variants. Both homozygotes can be distinguished from their litter-mates as early as the 2-cell stage by the presence of nuclear lipid droplets and excessive cytoplasmic lipid. In addition, both homozygous ...
Synthesis of RNA by Separated Heads and Tails from Bovine
... that the RNA synthesis observed in whole ejaculated spermatozoa is predominantly of mitochondrial origin. The results presented here from isolated tails closely agree with those we have previously reported for whole spermatozoa, suggesting observed ...
... that the RNA synthesis observed in whole ejaculated spermatozoa is predominantly of mitochondrial origin. The results presented here from isolated tails closely agree with those we have previously reported for whole spermatozoa, suggesting observed ...
Barbiturates Directly Inhibit the Calmodulin/Calcineurin Complex: a
... hypertension after brain injury but their application is associated with a profound increase in the infection rate. The mechanism of barbiturate-induced failure of protective immunity is still unknown. We provide evidence that nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), an essential transcription fa ...
... hypertension after brain injury but their application is associated with a profound increase in the infection rate. The mechanism of barbiturate-induced failure of protective immunity is still unknown. We provide evidence that nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), an essential transcription fa ...
PDF Datastream - Brown Digital Repository
... localize to the OM or extracellular space, which accounted for ~77% of the total relative abundance in the OM fraction. In addition, biotinylation of bacterial surface-exposed proteins has been applied as an alternative approach to characterize bacterial membrane subproteome. Labeled proteins were p ...
... localize to the OM or extracellular space, which accounted for ~77% of the total relative abundance in the OM fraction. In addition, biotinylation of bacterial surface-exposed proteins has been applied as an alternative approach to characterize bacterial membrane subproteome. Labeled proteins were p ...
bZIP transcription factor interactions regulate DIF
... downstream of the DIF-1 signal. Instead of directly regulating the expression of DIF-1 target genes, DimA would be required for the activation of genes that permit cells to respond to DIF-1, such as the DIF-1 signal transduction machinery. (2) DimA activity is regulated by heterodimerisation with ot ...
... downstream of the DIF-1 signal. Instead of directly regulating the expression of DIF-1 target genes, DimA would be required for the activation of genes that permit cells to respond to DIF-1, such as the DIF-1 signal transduction machinery. (2) DimA activity is regulated by heterodimerisation with ot ...
Part Ⅰ The Sensory Organs
... ⑵ Fenestra vestibuli covered by base of stapes ⑶ Fenestra cochleae covered by secondary tympanic membrane ⑷ Prominence of facial canal containing the facial nerve ...
... ⑵ Fenestra vestibuli covered by base of stapes ⑶ Fenestra cochleae covered by secondary tympanic membrane ⑷ Prominence of facial canal containing the facial nerve ...
Vaucheria
... Ans. Vaucheria possesses all the essentials of a multicellular organism, but the cytoplasm and the numerous nuclei are not partitioned into distinct cells. The septa remain suppressed in the vegetative condition. They appear only during the formation of reproductive organs, or when the filament is i ...
... Ans. Vaucheria possesses all the essentials of a multicellular organism, but the cytoplasm and the numerous nuclei are not partitioned into distinct cells. The septa remain suppressed in the vegetative condition. They appear only during the formation of reproductive organs, or when the filament is i ...
Lats kinase is involved in the intestinal apical
... function in protein trafficking. E. coli strains containing each RNAi clone were obtained from the RNAi library (J. Ahringer, Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Cambridge, UK). For the exocyst complex gene RNAi, sec-3, sec-8, sec-10, sec-15 and exoc-7 clones from the RNAi library we ...
... function in protein trafficking. E. coli strains containing each RNAi clone were obtained from the RNAi library (J. Ahringer, Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Cambridge, UK). For the exocyst complex gene RNAi, sec-3, sec-8, sec-10, sec-15 and exoc-7 clones from the RNAi library we ...
Correlating ribosome function with high
... a billion proteins. Proteins are constantly being degraded, and simultaneous production of proteins is therefore required. Hence, typical mammalian cells can contain more than a million ribosomes (the ‘factories’ that translate the genetic code into proteins). Even bacterial cells contain 100 000 r ...
... a billion proteins. Proteins are constantly being degraded, and simultaneous production of proteins is therefore required. Hence, typical mammalian cells can contain more than a million ribosomes (the ‘factories’ that translate the genetic code into proteins). Even bacterial cells contain 100 000 r ...
Enhancers as non-coding RNA transcription units: recent
... and RNA regulatory elements in the genome that far outnumber protein-coding genes1,2 presents a dramatically altered view of the transcriptional circuits. Intriguingly, regulatory DNA regions are now often found to act as transcription units, as exemplified by the widespread transcription observed a ...
... and RNA regulatory elements in the genome that far outnumber protein-coding genes1,2 presents a dramatically altered view of the transcriptional circuits. Intriguingly, regulatory DNA regions are now often found to act as transcription units, as exemplified by the widespread transcription observed a ...
PDF
... The competence to undergo fertilization and early embryonic development is not acquired by mammalian oocytes until the completion of a final phase of differentiation immediately before ovulation. During this phase, referred to as the maturation period, many intracellular changes occur, including a r ...
... The competence to undergo fertilization and early embryonic development is not acquired by mammalian oocytes until the completion of a final phase of differentiation immediately before ovulation. During this phase, referred to as the maturation period, many intracellular changes occur, including a r ...
The N-Terminal Domain of ERK1 Accounts for the Functional
... GFP-ERK1), indicating that facilitated diffusion was occurring for ERK1 as well as for ERK2. In some cases we have measured the fluorescence recovery in the same cell before and after stimulation (figure 2D). Each cell is plotted according to the level of nuclear accumulation (see Methods) and the t ...
... GFP-ERK1), indicating that facilitated diffusion was occurring for ERK1 as well as for ERK2. In some cases we have measured the fluorescence recovery in the same cell before and after stimulation (figure 2D). Each cell is plotted according to the level of nuclear accumulation (see Methods) and the t ...
Chapter 4 - A Tour of the Cell 08-09
... • The nucleus is separated from the cytoplasm by the nuclear envelope. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... • The nucleus is separated from the cytoplasm by the nuclear envelope. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
Nuclear-fallout, a Drosophila protein that cycles from the cytoplasm
... microtubule-based centrioles surrounded by an electron-dense pericentriolar material. Each centriole consists of a ring of microtubule triplets arranged in a short cylinder. Among cytoplasmic organelles, centrosomes are unique because they are precisely duplicated with each division cycle. In additi ...
... microtubule-based centrioles surrounded by an electron-dense pericentriolar material. Each centriole consists of a ring of microtubule triplets arranged in a short cylinder. Among cytoplasmic organelles, centrosomes are unique because they are precisely duplicated with each division cycle. In additi ...
The Panicum mosaic virus-like 3` cap
... revolutionized the thinking of the field (13). For the first time, it explicitly stated the way in which biological information flowed from nucleic acids to proteins, solidifying the assumptions that scientists had held while discussing the theories for protein expression from genes (14). It stated: ...
... revolutionized the thinking of the field (13). For the first time, it explicitly stated the way in which biological information flowed from nucleic acids to proteins, solidifying the assumptions that scientists had held while discussing the theories for protein expression from genes (14). It stated: ...
A B23-interacting sequence as a tool to visualize protein interactions
... The architecture of the nucleus is complex and the nuclear functions are precisely located in the nuclear volume. Morphologically distinct structures or nuclear bodies are present. They correspond to specialized domains implicated in essential processes such as transcription and splicing (Matera, 19 ...
... The architecture of the nucleus is complex and the nuclear functions are precisely located in the nuclear volume. Morphologically distinct structures or nuclear bodies are present. They correspond to specialized domains implicated in essential processes such as transcription and splicing (Matera, 19 ...
Comparison of modeling options for the mRNA Life cycle
... transcription process, which produces copies of the genetic information in the form of mRNA molecules. The mRNA molecules are then transcribed into proteins, which are the machines that carry out all the functions in a living organism. The level of the single proteins is what determines the phenotyp ...
... transcription process, which produces copies of the genetic information in the form of mRNA molecules. The mRNA molecules are then transcribed into proteins, which are the machines that carry out all the functions in a living organism. The level of the single proteins is what determines the phenotyp ...
Runions et al - Oxford Academic
... activated, its movement can subsequently be tracked by time-lapse imaging. The Golgi apparatus was marked at the same time using a construct consisting of the transmembrane domain of a rat sialyl transferase (Boevink et al., 1998) fused to red fluorescent protein (mRFP). Two different software appro ...
... activated, its movement can subsequently be tracked by time-lapse imaging. The Golgi apparatus was marked at the same time using a construct consisting of the transmembrane domain of a rat sialyl transferase (Boevink et al., 1998) fused to red fluorescent protein (mRFP). Two different software appro ...
p53-associated 3 exonuclease activity in nuclear and cytoplasmic
... LCC2 cells, carrying high levels of wtp53, exhibit an enhanced exonuclease activity (57%) in comparison to those expressing either a lower level of p53 in MCF-7 (12%) or the mutant p53 in MDA cells. It should be noted that the fractionation procedure was performed in parallel with all cell lines use ...
... LCC2 cells, carrying high levels of wtp53, exhibit an enhanced exonuclease activity (57%) in comparison to those expressing either a lower level of p53 in MCF-7 (12%) or the mutant p53 in MDA cells. It should be noted that the fractionation procedure was performed in parallel with all cell lines use ...
Doehrty-McMahon 2009
... to the clarity beginning to emerge from studies of endocytic events, we urge abandonment of the term RME because methods are readily available to easily dissect the method(s) of endocytosis used for the cargo of interest; a scheme for endocytic classification can be found in Reference 6 (see also Fig ...
... to the clarity beginning to emerge from studies of endocytic events, we urge abandonment of the term RME because methods are readily available to easily dissect the method(s) of endocytosis used for the cargo of interest; a scheme for endocytic classification can be found in Reference 6 (see also Fig ...
Characterization of rat epimorphin/syntaxin 2 expression suggests a
... previously in elegant endodermal-mesenchymal coculture and implantation experiments (24, 25). Investigators have begun to identify the specific mesenchymal molecules required for appropriate morphogenesis. For example, hepatocyte growth factor is produced and secreted by mesenchyme and interacts wit ...
... previously in elegant endodermal-mesenchymal coculture and implantation experiments (24, 25). Investigators have begun to identify the specific mesenchymal molecules required for appropriate morphogenesis. For example, hepatocyte growth factor is produced and secreted by mesenchyme and interacts wit ...
AA-tRNA - Studentportalen
... includes eIF5 and eIF5B as well. eIF2 brings MettRNAi into the initiation complex. 2.) Formation of the complex between mRNA and the initiation factor IF4F. eIF4F is composed of 4E, 4G and 4A. 3.) The binding of eIF4F:mRNA to the 43S complex through the interaction between eIF4G and eIF3 is followed ...
... includes eIF5 and eIF5B as well. eIF2 brings MettRNAi into the initiation complex. 2.) Formation of the complex between mRNA and the initiation factor IF4F. eIF4F is composed of 4E, 4G and 4A. 3.) The binding of eIF4F:mRNA to the 43S complex through the interaction between eIF4G and eIF3 is followed ...
Cell nucleus
In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotes usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types have no nuclei, and a few others have many.Cell nuclei contain most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes. The genes within these chromosomes are the cell's nuclear genome. The function of the nucleus is to maintain the integrity of these genes and to control the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression—the nucleus is, therefore, the control center of the cell. The main structures making up the nucleus are the nuclear envelope, a double membrane that encloses the entire organelle and isolates its contents from the cellular cytoplasm, and the nucleoskeleton (which includes nuclear lamina), a network within the nucleus that adds mechanical support, much like the cytoskeleton, which supports the cell as a whole.Because the nuclear membrane is impermeable to large molecules, nuclear pores are required that regulate nuclear transport of molecules across the envelope. The pores cross both nuclear membranes, providing a channel through which larger molecules must be actively transported by carrier proteins while allowing free movement of small molecules and ions. Movement of large molecules such as proteins and RNA through the pores is required for both gene expression and the maintenance of chromosomes. The interior of the nucleus does not contain any membrane-bound sub compartments, its contents are not uniform, and a number of sub-nuclear bodies exist, made up of unique proteins, RNA molecules, and particular parts of the chromosomes. The best-known of these is the nucleolus, which is mainly involved in the assembly of ribosomes. After being produced in the nucleolus, ribosomes are exported to the cytoplasm where they translate mRNA.