Cagnac, O., Leterrier, M., Yeager, M. and Blumwald, E. (2007).
... ence of Nha1p, a plasma membrane-bound Na⫹/H⫹ antiporter (4, 5). Nha1p plays a role in pH regulation and also cell cycle regulation (6) and catalyzes the transport of Na⫹ and K⫹ with similar affinity (Km ⬇ 12 mM). Similar to the 1Na⫹/2H⫹ bacterial antiporters (7), Nha1p activity is electrogenic and ...
... ence of Nha1p, a plasma membrane-bound Na⫹/H⫹ antiporter (4, 5). Nha1p plays a role in pH regulation and also cell cycle regulation (6) and catalyzes the transport of Na⫹ and K⫹ with similar affinity (Km ⬇ 12 mM). Similar to the 1Na⫹/2H⫹ bacterial antiporters (7), Nha1p activity is electrogenic and ...
- Mochtar Riady Institute
... Impact of the domains on MDDC function in vitro HLA-DR and CD11c were then used for further MDDC characterization. In the presence of 0.091 µM D2-AFP or D3-AFP, MDDC culture failed to up-regulate HLADR. In contrast, 0.091 µM D1-AFP treated MDDC culture showed high level of HLADR expression. The effe ...
... Impact of the domains on MDDC function in vitro HLA-DR and CD11c were then used for further MDDC characterization. In the presence of 0.091 µM D2-AFP or D3-AFP, MDDC culture failed to up-regulate HLADR. In contrast, 0.091 µM D1-AFP treated MDDC culture showed high level of HLADR expression. The effe ...
Genetic Regulation of Embryonic Pattern Formation
... daughter cells of the zygote, PINFORMED7 (PIN7), encodes a member of the PIN family, which presumably are part of the auxin efflux transport machinery (Gälweiler et al., 1998; Friml, 2003). PIN7 is restricted to the basal daughter cell of the zygote, where it is localized at the apical cell wall an ...
... daughter cells of the zygote, PINFORMED7 (PIN7), encodes a member of the PIN family, which presumably are part of the auxin efflux transport machinery (Gälweiler et al., 1998; Friml, 2003). PIN7 is restricted to the basal daughter cell of the zygote, where it is localized at the apical cell wall an ...
Developmental plasticity, cell fate specification and morphogenesis
... fate specification (a) Transcriptional identities of the trophectoderm and inner cell mass Several transcription factors identified as important for ICM specification, such as Oct4 [37], Nanog [38] and Sox2 [39], are initially expressed in all cells of the morula, with their expression gradually bec ...
... fate specification (a) Transcriptional identities of the trophectoderm and inner cell mass Several transcription factors identified as important for ICM specification, such as Oct4 [37], Nanog [38] and Sox2 [39], are initially expressed in all cells of the morula, with their expression gradually bec ...
OtOrhinOlaryngOlOgy Ear
... Normal eardrum is thin, pearl-gray and semi-transparent. It is covered with a thin layer of fat that comes from the wax, causing the shining of the drum. Sometimes, if it is sufficiently transparent, some middle ear structures, such as the long crus of the incus (crus longum) and the entrance to the ...
... Normal eardrum is thin, pearl-gray and semi-transparent. It is covered with a thin layer of fat that comes from the wax, causing the shining of the drum. Sometimes, if it is sufficiently transparent, some middle ear structures, such as the long crus of the incus (crus longum) and the entrance to the ...
Full-Text PDF
... acidic vacuoles then function as lysosomes. Membrane compartments communicate constantly with each other by means of transport vesicles. As in all other eukaryotes, there are two main pathways of membrane flow in plant cells: secretory and endocytic pathways [48,49]. Within the early secretion pathw ...
... acidic vacuoles then function as lysosomes. Membrane compartments communicate constantly with each other by means of transport vesicles. As in all other eukaryotes, there are two main pathways of membrane flow in plant cells: secretory and endocytic pathways [48,49]. Within the early secretion pathw ...
αvβ3 integrin-dependent endothelial cell dynamics in
... each field are recorded at 20 µm intervals, first in DIC and immediately thereafter in epifluorescence modes. The acquisition of the ‘z-stack’ pairs is accomplished within a short period of time (typically a minute) ensuring the correct spatial registration of the corresponding DIC/epifluorescence i ...
... each field are recorded at 20 µm intervals, first in DIC and immediately thereafter in epifluorescence modes. The acquisition of the ‘z-stack’ pairs is accomplished within a short period of time (typically a minute) ensuring the correct spatial registration of the corresponding DIC/epifluorescence i ...
THE BACTERIA toxin
... blood cell with resultant anemia. 2. Leukocidins- Again, there are many different types of leukocidins, and some are specific for only one type of leukocyte. However, the end result in lysis of leukocytes with resultant leukopenia. 3.Phospholipase- This enzyme attacks any cell with phospholipid in i ...
... blood cell with resultant anemia. 2. Leukocidins- Again, there are many different types of leukocidins, and some are specific for only one type of leukocyte. However, the end result in lysis of leukocytes with resultant leukopenia. 3.Phospholipase- This enzyme attacks any cell with phospholipid in i ...
Taipoxin Induces Synaptic Vesicle Exocytosis and Disrupts the
... been generated, and ubiquitous homologs of SV proteins have been identified, leading to the notion that similar sets of proteins are involved in all membrane trafficking events in eukaryotes (Südhof, 2004). A large number of molecular interactions have been shown to occur in vitro among proteins in ...
... been generated, and ubiquitous homologs of SV proteins have been identified, leading to the notion that similar sets of proteins are involved in all membrane trafficking events in eukaryotes (Südhof, 2004). A large number of molecular interactions have been shown to occur in vitro among proteins in ...
HISTOLOGY OF MUSCLES
... functional unit of muscle There are specialized invaginations of the sarcolemma that run transversely across the cell known as T tubules (transverse tubules). Terminal Cisternae are sac-like regions of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The terminal cisternae act as calcium storage sites. The calcium ions ...
... functional unit of muscle There are specialized invaginations of the sarcolemma that run transversely across the cell known as T tubules (transverse tubules). Terminal Cisternae are sac-like regions of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The terminal cisternae act as calcium storage sites. The calcium ions ...
Taipoxin Induces Synaptic Vesicle Exocytosis and Disrupts the
... been generated, and ubiquitous homologs of SV proteins have been identified, leading to the notion that similar sets of proteins are involved in all membrane trafficking events in eukaryotes (Südhof, 2004). A large number of molecular interactions have been shown to occur in vitro among proteins in ...
... been generated, and ubiquitous homologs of SV proteins have been identified, leading to the notion that similar sets of proteins are involved in all membrane trafficking events in eukaryotes (Südhof, 2004). A large number of molecular interactions have been shown to occur in vitro among proteins in ...
Control of cell flattening and junctional remodeling during squamous
... length quantification). However, the ventral midline of the extended germband was observed below the non-elongated dorsal cells in 3D projections (Fig. 1O, arrow) – the zen mutant germband has previously been shown to extend beneath the nondifferentiated dorsal cells (Arora and Nusslein-Volhard, 199 ...
... length quantification). However, the ventral midline of the extended germband was observed below the non-elongated dorsal cells in 3D projections (Fig. 1O, arrow) – the zen mutant germband has previously been shown to extend beneath the nondifferentiated dorsal cells (Arora and Nusslein-Volhard, 199 ...
A-new-precipitation-technique-provides-evidence-for-the
... walls are highly complex; that is, they contain cellulose and matrix materials such as hemicellulose, pectic substances and structural proteins (Peterson & Cholewa 1998). The pectic substances are made of galacturonic acids entities with –COOH groups, which are responsible for the overall negative f ...
... walls are highly complex; that is, they contain cellulose and matrix materials such as hemicellulose, pectic substances and structural proteins (Peterson & Cholewa 1998). The pectic substances are made of galacturonic acids entities with –COOH groups, which are responsible for the overall negative f ...
Novel Insights into Vacuole-mediated Control of Plant Growth and
... Eukaryotes possess cellular membranes that are functionally inter-related and inter-connected, thereby forming the endomembrane system. The endomembrane system is crucial for the exchange and transport of materials such as proteins and lipids within cells, and generally includes the plasma membrane, ...
... Eukaryotes possess cellular membranes that are functionally inter-related and inter-connected, thereby forming the endomembrane system. The endomembrane system is crucial for the exchange and transport of materials such as proteins and lipids within cells, and generally includes the plasma membrane, ...
Document
... • Ester less stable in solution, cannot be stored as long as amides • Metabolism of esters results in the production of paraaminobenzoate (PABA) • PABA associated with allergic reaction • For these reasons amides are now more commonly used than esters. ...
... • Ester less stable in solution, cannot be stored as long as amides • Metabolism of esters results in the production of paraaminobenzoate (PABA) • PABA associated with allergic reaction • For these reasons amides are now more commonly used than esters. ...
Research Databases
... Packing power Mitochondria are among the small structures called organelles that reside within a cell. Known as the cells' powerhouses, mitochondria extract energy from fuels such as glucose in the presence of oxygen to produce a molecule called adenosine triphosphate, or ATP (green), which provides ...
... Packing power Mitochondria are among the small structures called organelles that reside within a cell. Known as the cells' powerhouses, mitochondria extract energy from fuels such as glucose in the presence of oxygen to produce a molecule called adenosine triphosphate, or ATP (green), which provides ...
Macroscopic stiffening of embryonic tissues via
... al., 2000). Disruption of microtubules can also increase cellular tension (Danowski, 1989; Dennerll et al., 1988; Kolodney and Elson, 1995; Stamenovic et al., 2002b; Wang et al., 2001) by activating actomyosin contraction; but it is unknown whether activation of actomyosin in the absence of microtub ...
... al., 2000). Disruption of microtubules can also increase cellular tension (Danowski, 1989; Dennerll et al., 1988; Kolodney and Elson, 1995; Stamenovic et al., 2002b; Wang et al., 2001) by activating actomyosin contraction; but it is unknown whether activation of actomyosin in the absence of microtub ...
Most Human Proteins Made in Both Nucleus
... some unknown non-ribosomal mechanism, the resulting product must then be degraded by the proteasome. This makes it unlikely that the signal could just be due to incorporation of Aha into an amino-acyl tRNA. A ribosome polymerizes ,5 amino acids per second in vivo [24], so a typical human protein wit ...
... some unknown non-ribosomal mechanism, the resulting product must then be degraded by the proteasome. This makes it unlikely that the signal could just be due to incorporation of Aha into an amino-acyl tRNA. A ribosome polymerizes ,5 amino acids per second in vivo [24], so a typical human protein wit ...
ref. #28 of the TIBS article
... relative to the membrane but not in overall conformation. In the mutants with Arg or Lys residues in position 13, the charged residue is about halfway through the membrane and the charged sidechains might start to interact with the lipid head groups on the other side of the membrane. Effects of Asp ...
... relative to the membrane but not in overall conformation. In the mutants with Arg or Lys residues in position 13, the charged residue is about halfway through the membrane and the charged sidechains might start to interact with the lipid head groups on the other side of the membrane. Effects of Asp ...
Parenchyma cells
... Parenchyma cells contain a nucleus and retain the ability for future cell division. When they are first formed, they are densely cytoplasmic and have several small vacuoles. As the cells enlarge, the vacuole size increases and intercellular spaces can form between cell walls. ...
... Parenchyma cells contain a nucleus and retain the ability for future cell division. When they are first formed, they are densely cytoplasmic and have several small vacuoles. As the cells enlarge, the vacuole size increases and intercellular spaces can form between cell walls. ...
Forage digestibility: the intersection of cell wall lignification and plant
... concentration by the NDF method (Theander and Westerlund, 1993). Acid detergent lignin (ADL) is a severe under-estimate of actual lignin concentration in grasses, giving lignin concentration estimates that are only one half to one quarter of Klason and acetyl bromide lignin methods (Hatfield and Fu ...
... concentration by the NDF method (Theander and Westerlund, 1993). Acid detergent lignin (ADL) is a severe under-estimate of actual lignin concentration in grasses, giving lignin concentration estimates that are only one half to one quarter of Klason and acetyl bromide lignin methods (Hatfield and Fu ...
The Growing Outer Epidermal Wall: Design and
... growth. In contrast to plants, most animals are motile: they move through their environment in search of food. Typically, animals cease to grow after the organism has reached a defined, species-specific size (determinate growth). The contrasting survival strategies of animals versus plants are paral ...
... growth. In contrast to plants, most animals are motile: they move through their environment in search of food. Typically, animals cease to grow after the organism has reached a defined, species-specific size (determinate growth). The contrasting survival strategies of animals versus plants are paral ...
free!
... intracellular and/or extracellular ionic concentrations, in order to examine the effects of these experimental manipulations on the responses of the cell. In another set of investigations, voltage-clamp experiments will be performed to study the time- and voltage-dependent properties of ionic curren ...
... intracellular and/or extracellular ionic concentrations, in order to examine the effects of these experimental manipulations on the responses of the cell. In another set of investigations, voltage-clamp experiments will be performed to study the time- and voltage-dependent properties of ionic curren ...